Journal of Pharmacopuncture (대한약침학회지)

KOREAN PHARMACOPUNCTURE INSTITUTE (대한약침학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

An Experimental Study of the Anti-oxidant and the Anti-inflammatory Effects of Alum and Burnt Alum

  • Seo, Hyung-Sik (Department of Ophthalmology, Otolaryngology, and Dermatology, Pusan National University Korean Medicine Hospital)
  • Received : 2012.02.24
  • Accepted : 2012.05.16
  • Published : 2012.06.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of Alum (AL) and Burnt Alum (BAL), which are commonly used as external ointments. Methods: Extracts of AL and BAL were classified into three groups: 20, 50, and $100mg/{\mu}{\ell}$. The cytotoxicity was measured by using MTT assays in human keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT). The anti-oxidant effect was measured by using the DPPH (1, 1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate) radical scavenger. The anti-inflammatory effect was measured by using the inhibitory efficacy for the amount of nitric-oxide (NO) produced in mouse macrophage cell line (RAW 264.7). Results: BAL showed a higher level of cytotoxicity than AL. The AL groups showed a concentration-dependent scavenging effect on DPPH radicals, but no significant relevance was found. The BAL groups showed a concentration-dependent scavenging effect on DPPH radicals. The scavenging effects of the BAL groups were almost insignificant, but the values for the 20, 50, and $100{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ trials were different. The BAL groups showed significant concentration-dependent inhibitory effects on NO production, but the AL groups did not. Conclusions: AL showed an anti-oxidant effect more efficiently than BAL did, which demonstrated a superior anti-inflammatory effect. Therefore, for external usage, AL must be distinguished from BAL.

Keywords

References

  1. Professors of Herbalogy, College of Korean Medicine (Whole Country). Herbalogy. Seoul: Youngrimsa; 1994. p.633.
  2. Park JH, Kim MR, Kim DY. A philological study on poisoning of Alumen. The Journal of East-West Medicine. 2008;33(3):13-23.
  3. Gang GM, Po MH. Simplicity prescription dictionary. Shanghai: Shanghai Science and Technology Publishing; 1989. p.325-6.
  4. Kwag KH, Kim DI, Lee TK. A case of recovery of cervical erosion treated by cervical-acupuncture and Gobakban-spread. The Journal of Oriental Obstetrics & Gynecology. 2003;16(1):186-94.
  5. Park OS, Kim YB, Kim HJ, Kim KS, Cha JH. Anti-inflammatory effect of Alumen to experimental paranasal sinusitis of ra-bbit. The Journal of Korean Oriental Medical Ophthalmology & Otolaryngology & Dermatology. 2006;19(1):43-54.
  6. Yoo JG, Choi KH, Kim YK, Kang SK, Jung SY, Jung JH, et al. The study on the anti-inflammatory effects of Phellodendri Cortex, Indigo Naturalis, Alumen, and Chinensis Galla, most frequently used for the external therapy of Gu-Chang. The Journal of Korean Oriental Medical Ophthalmology & Otolaryngology & Dermatology. 2005;18(1):183-98.
  7. Lee RK, Yun HI, Park SC, Park JI, Cho MH. Effects of heattreated Alumen, halloysitum rubrum and os sepiae in experimentally induced stomach ulcer in rats. The Journal of Applied Pharmacology. 1997;5(3):246-52.
  8. Mosmann T. Rapid colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival: application of proliferation and cytotoxicity assays. J Immunol Methods. 1983;65(1-2):55-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1759(83)90303-4
  9. Han SM, Lee KG, Yeo JH, Kweon HY, Woo SO, Lee ML, et al. Anti-inflammatory effect of the venom from asian honeybees (Apis cerana L.) on inducible nitric oxide synthase and tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$ in RAW 264.7 cell line. Korean J Apiculture. 2004;19(2):89-96.
  10. Blois MS. Antioxidant determinations by the use of a stable free radical. Nature. 1958;181:1199-200. https://doi.org/10.1038/1811199a0
  11. Kim CM, Shin MG, Ahn DG, Lee GS, et al. The encyclopedia of oriental herbal medicine. Seoul: Jeongdam; 2001. p.1619-26.
  12. Yang WM, Kim HY, Chang MS, Park SK. New method for the prevention of microbial contamination in deer antler manufacturing process. Kor J Herbology. 2007;22(4):75-80.
  13. Kim HH, Park SY, Ahn DK, Park SK. Vasodilation effects between the water extract of Rheum palmatum L. and R. undulatum L. in rat thoracic aorta. Kor J Herbology. 2004;19 (3):99-105.
  14. Kim IR, Hwang KH, Joo HJ. The studies about storage, cutting, processing and decokting methods of oriental medicinal plants I.:Cortex Cinnamomi. Kor J Herbology. 1998;13(2):19-29.
  15. Kim IR, Hwang KH, Joo HJ. The studies about cutting, processing and decokting methods of oriental medicinal plants III.:Cortex Magnoliae. Kor J Herbology. 1999;14(1):15-22.
  16. Hwang J, Seo YB. The processing effects of pyrite after heating and quenching in vinegar. Kor J Herbology. 2003;18(2):27-35.
  17. HwangBo M, Seo HS. The comparative study of anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and anti-bacterial effects with regard to the extraction solvents of Cuscutae Semen. Journal of Pharmacopuncture. 2011;14(1):79-86. https://doi.org/10.3831/KPI.2011.14.1.079

Cited by

  1. The Anti-inflammatory Effect and DPPH Free Radical Scavenging Capability of Rhizoma drynariae Aqueous Extract vol.32, pp.4, 2015, https://doi.org/10.14406/acu.2015.026