• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.298-306
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• 2016

The gap between universities, scientific centers and industrial-production units is one of higher education concerns. In academic entrepreneurship, the university work simultaneously in education, research and entrepreneurship. The universities play a key and important role in providing educational opportunities in economic development. This research aims to develop and expand science as well as help managers to explain the process of technology transfer in entrepreneurial university. This research is applied-developmental type and on the other hand, data driven theories have been used in this study. Current model is generally tried to meanwhile compensate previous shortcomings, include some strengths such as considering domestic factors of Iran as well as update effective factors on the process of technology transfer. Finally the suggested model has been compared with existing well-known models that each one of those models have some drawbacks which have been tried to be minimized in suggested model as much as possible.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.10
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• pp.444-456
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• 2021

Economic abundance and the development of medical technology led to an aging society with an average life expectancy of 100 years, but retiring from the labor market at the age of 65 has become more difficult. This study aims to identify the influence of entrepreneurship, social support, and entrepreneurship mentoring as an effective support method to increase the entrepreneurial intention in order to enhance the entrepreneurial intention as an adult's second career development. In this study, data were collected using questionnaires from 340 adults, but only 319 were selected because 21 were judged to be inappropriate. For statistical analysis, SPSS 18.0 was used, and reliability test, factor analysis, and multiple regression analysis were used for hypothesis testing. The research results are as follows. First, as a result of examining the effects of adult entrepreneurship factors on entrepreneurship, it was found that among entrepreneurship, innovation and initiative had a significant positive (+) effect on entrepreneurship. Second, as a result of examining the effect of social support on entrepreneurial intention, it was found that family support had a significant negative (-) effect on entrepreneurial intention. Third, as a result of examining the effect of entrepreneurship mentoring on entrepreneurial intentions, it was found that role models and mentors had a positive (+) effect on entrepreneurial intentions. Fourth, as for the mediating effect of entrepreneurial efficacy, there were significant mediating effects of innovativeness → entrepreneurial efficacy → entrepreneurial intention, role model → entrepreneurial efficacy → entrepreneurial intention, mentor → entrepreneurial efficacy → entrepreneurial intention.

• Korean Business Review
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.89-110
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• 2004

This study examined individual characteristic factors and environmental factors as determinants of entrepreneurial intentions. As for individual characteristic factors, individuals' career orientations and entrepreneurial self-efficacy were examined. As for environmental factors, social supports and successful role models, classified as personal environmental factors, were examined, and social perceptions for entrepreneurs, classified as social environmental factors were also examined. Data were collected from undergraduates of business department, and graduates of the same department. The samples of 208 and 81 for each group were used for final analysis. Results showed that as a whole, career orientations affected entrepreneurial intentions. Specifically, entrepreneurial orientations had positive effects, and security orientations had marginally negative effects on entrepreneurial intentions, while, unexpectedly, autonomy orientations had no significant effects. Entrepreneurial self-efficacy had the strongest positive effects on entrepreneurial intentions. Social supports and successful role models, which were not identified as distinct variables by the respondents, were integrated as a new variable of 'network environments' for analysis in this study. Network environments positively affected on entrepreneurial intentions. Social perceptions for entrepreneurs, however, did not affect on entrepreneurial intentions. Based on the results of career orientations, self-efficacy, and network environment, the implications for activating entrepreneurship were discussed.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.10
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• pp.41-50
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• 2020

This study is about entrepreneurial intention of baby boomers who started retirement, starting with the second phase of life. A research model was constructed focusing on factors that will affect the entrepreneurial intention of baby boomers. In order to test the study model, a questionnaire was surveyed on baby boomers, and among them, 204 people, which was valid, was used for analysis. The hypothesis test was a structural equation model using the AMOS 23 statistical package. As a result of the hypothesis test, self-efficacy and social capital had a positive (+) relationship with entrepreneurial intention. Economic preparation was found to have a significant negative (-) relationship with entrepreneurial intention. Social capital was found to have the most influence on baby boomers' entrepreneurial intention. On the other hand, achievement experience and role model learning experience were the antecedent variables affecting self-efficacy. As a result of testing their relationship, achievement experience and role model learning experience had a significant positive (+) influence on self-efficacy. Based on the research results, academic and practical implications were presented.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.8
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• pp.671-680
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• 2020

This study develops the model to estimate the links between social capital, social entrepreneurial self-efficacy, perceived desirability and social entrepreneurial intention. Besides exploring the direct impacts of social capital, social entrepreneurial self-efficacy, and perceived desirability on social entrepreneurial intention, this study also focus on discovering the mediating roles of perceived desirability and social entrepreneurial self-efficacy on this relationship. Throughout adopting measures from some previous studies, the authors design the questionnaires and distribute to students in Vietnam. The study presents some demographic information of 289 students, who are studying at university and colleges in Vietnam. Then, the validity and reliability of scales are assessed using the value of Cronbach's alpha, Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). In addition, by utilizing the structural modeling structure (SEM), the authors show that social capital plays the important role in shaping social entrepreneurial self-efficacy, perceived desirability, and social entrepreneurial intention. Interestingly, besides the direct effects on social entrepreneurial intention, perceived desirability and social entrepreneurial self-efficacy also mediate the correlation between social capital and social entrepreneurial intention. Also, with the interesting findings of the study, the authors propose several recommendations for policy-makers, educators and academics to promote the social entrepreneurship and innovation among Vietnamese students.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.61-76
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• 2023

Purpose - Along with emerging international entrepreneurship, there is a need for exploring the influencing mechanism of dual network embeddedness of the host country on international entrepreneurial performance. Drawing on network embeddedness theory and organizational improvisational theory, the present study constructs a theoretical model regarding the logic relationships between the dual network embeddedness of the host country, organizational improvisational capability, and international entrepreneurial performance. Design/methodology - Using a questionnaire survey, our study conducted data in two ways. The final research sample comprised 129 international new ventures. To test the hypotheses, a three-step mediation test method was conducted. Findings - Our empirical results suggested that both host-country social network embeddedness and industrial network embeddedness significantly affected the international entrepreneurial performance. Organizational improvisational capability significantly affected the international entrepreneurial performance. Third, organizational improvisational capability partially played mediating role in the relationship between the dual network embeddedness of the host country and international entrepreneurial performance. Originality/value - This study mainly concentrates on the two important types of host-country networks, host-country social network embeddedness and industrial network embeddedness, that may help international new ventures access the strategic resources necessary to support performance. Thus, it extends the existing network embeddedness theory and improvisational theory to encompass international entrepreneurship.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.93-112
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• 2023

Purpose - Due to the outbreak and spread of COVID-19, companies have reduced their hiring needs in the short term, reducing employment opportunities for most university students and putting pressure on their employment since 2019. This study aims to improve university students' employment options and increase the possibility of entrepreneurship. Design/methodology/approach - In this study, a research survey is conducted on 4-year Chinese university students who have received entrepreneurship education courses, and statistical tests are conducted using SPSS 26.0 and PROCESS 3.3 model 1. The main focus of the study is on the effects of risk perception and five personality factors on entrepreneurial intentions of Chinese university students and the effect of entrepreneurship education on the moderation of entrepreneurial intentions. Findings - The results of the study show that the risk perception of Chinese university students have a significant effect on the will to start a business. Five personality factors have a significant effect on entrepreneurial intentions. Entrepreneurship education has a moderating role in the relationship between risk perception and entrepreneurial intention, and the entrepreneurship education support has a moderating role in the relationship between the influence of five personality factors and entrepreneurial intentions. Research implications or Originality - The results of the study reveal that Chinese university students' exposure to entrepreneurship education support positively influenced entrepreneurial intentions. Such results imply that university students gain information and knowledge related to entrepreneurship through the entrepreneurship education support, which leads to positive perceptions and motivation towards entrepreneurship.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.25-39
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to understand interrelationships among young entrepreneurs' growth factors, entrepreneurial capability and entrepreneurial intentions, targeting the students who major in culinary and foodservice. Based on total 327 samples obtained from the empirical research, this study reviewed reliability and fitness of the research model and verified total 2 hypotheses with the Amos program. The proposed model provided an adequate fit for the data, $x^2$=495.217 (p<.001), df=231, CMIN/DF 2.144, GFI .902, AGFI .878, NFI .911, CFI .954, RMSEA .067. The SEM results showed that the young entrepreneurs' growth factors such as policy support(${\beta}$=.457, p<.001), skills & knowledge(${\beta}$=.244, p<.01), role model(${\beta}$= .242, p<.05) in order had significantly positive effects on entrepreneurial capability, and entrepreneurial capability(${\beta}$= .787, p<.001) had positive(+) effects on entrepreneurial intentions, verifying organic causal relationships among the growth factors, entrepreneurial capability, and entrepreneurial capability. These study results showed that there should be more systematic supports to encourage young entrepreneurs. Limitations and further research directions are also discussed.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.179-187
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of entrepreneurship education and individual environmental factor on university student's career decision self-efficacy. A total of 346 university students responded to the survey and the data was analyzed using SPSS 18.0. To test the hypotheses of this study, correlation analysis and regression analysis were conducted. The results of this study showed that entrepreneurship education, role model, family entrepreneurial experience and career preparation behavior were positively related to career decision self-efficacy. While gender were not positively related to career decision self-efficacy. This study reconfirms the importance and change of recognition of university entrepreneurship education for enhancing decision-making self-efficacy as well as the importance of career preparation behavior, role model and family entrepreneurial experience that have a significant effect on career decision of university students.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.231-241
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to apply Structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis with Generalized Structured Component Analysis (GSCA) and translate the effect of Spiritual Marketing and Entrepreneurial Orientation on Sustainable Competitive Advantage with Marketing Capabilities as Mediation, especially for General BBM marketing at PT. Pertamina (Persero). The quantitative approach in this study uses a survey method by taking samples from the population. The survey was conducted by distributing questionnaires to respondents. Data analysis was performed using SEM and analyzed using the GSCA model. The population of this study consisted of 3,207 workers in central and regional marketing offices (Marketing Operation Region (MOR) spread throughout Indonesia. Therefore, a sample of 356 respondents was taken according to the Slovin formula. Spiritual marketing and entrepreneurial orientation directly influence the ability to improve Innovation which directly influences sustainable competitive advantage. Therefore, to develop a sustainable competitive advantage in marketing Pertamina's General BBM, it is necessary to implement spiritual marketing and improve entrepreneurial orientation. The novelty in this study lies in the unprecedented research on the role and position of spiritual marketing towards marketing capabilities and sustainable competitive advantage, combined with entrepreneurial orientation variables.