• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.339-356
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• 2014

This paper presents a study of the nonlinear cylindrical bending of an exponential functionally graded plate (simply called E-FG) with variable thickness. The plate is subjected to uniform pressure loading and his geometric nonlinearity is introduced in the strain-displacement equations based on Von-Karman assumptions. The material properties of functionally graded plates, except the Poisson's ratio, are assumed to vary continuously through the thickness of the plate in accordance with the exponential law distribution; and the solution is obtained using Hamilton's principle for constant plate thickness. In order to analyze functionally graded plate with variable thickness, a numerical solution using finite difference method is used, where parabolic variation of the plate thickness is studied. The results for E-FG plates are given in dimensionless graphical forms; and the effects of material and geometric properties on displacements and normal stresses through the thickness are determined.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2001.06b
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• pp.37-40
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• 2001

The semiconductor's design rule becomes more stringent, hence the silicon-dioxide etching technique is important issue. In this work we compared the etching characteristics of different three types of Plasma source, Normal ICP, magnetized ICP and E-IC $P^{TM}$. The E-IC $P^{TM}$ source shows higher etch rate at lower pressure and this is advantageous for the fine pattern process. The etching characteristics were varied with external magnetic field frequency at I-lCP and this is examined with Nanospe $c^{TM}$ and SEM. We designed Langmuir probe system for time resolved diagnosis. ion density of E-ICP is varying periodically with the applied external magnetic field frequencyquency

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.49.3-50
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• 2017

Metallicity is one of the most important properties in understanding galaxy evolution. However, measuring metallicity is limited to low redshift (z<3.5) due to the faintness of the metallicity indicators in normal galaxies. For high redshift universe, active galactic nuclei (AGN) can be used to constrain the host galaxy metallicity. Previous studies investigated AGN metallicity using emission line flux ratios (i.e., NV/CIV and FeII/MgII), finding no evolution up to z~6. Those results might be due to selection effect since previous studies are based on very luminous AGNs. The observed luminosity-metallicity relation of AGNs (e.g., Nagao et al. 2006) suggests that luminous AGNs may be already matured at the observed epoch. Considering the luminosity-metallicty relation, we focused on low luminosity AGNs to find young AGNs (i.e., low metallicity). Through the Gemini/GNIRS observation in 2012A and 2015A (K-GMT GN-2015A-Q-203 PI: Shin, J.), we obtained the Gemini/GNIRS data for 7 high redshift AGNs (3.0

• Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.1-4
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• 2018

We study the pseudo-synchronous orbital motion of a binary system on the main sequence. The equations of the pseudo-synchronous orbit are derived up to $O(e^4)$ where e is the eccentricy of the orbit. We integrate the equations to present their solutions. The theoretical results are applied to the evolution of the orbit and spin of the binary star Y Cygni, which has a current eccentricity of $e_0\;=\;0.142$. We tabulate our numerical results for the evolution of the orbit and spin per century. The numerical results for the semi-major axes and rotational angular velocities in the evolutional time scales of three stages (synchronization, circularization, and collapse time scale) are also tabulated. Synchronization is achieved in about $5{\times}10^3\;years$ followed by circularization lasting about $1{\times}10^5\;years$ before decaying in $2{\times}10^5\;years$.

• BMB Reports
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.29-33
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• 2010

It is well known that PR/SET family members participate in transcriptional regulation via chromatin remodeling. PRDM10 might play an essential role in gene expression, but no such evidence has been observed so far. To assess PRDM10 expression at various stages of mouse development, we performed immunohistochemistry using available PRDM10 antibody. Embryos were obtained from three distinct developmental stages. At E8.5, PRDM10 expression was concentrated in the mesodermal and neural crest populations. As embryogenesis proceeded further to E13.5, PRMD10 expression was mainly in mesoderm-derived tissues such as somites and neural crest-derived populations such as the facial skeleton. This expression pattern was consistently maintained to the fetal growth period E16.5 and adult mouse, suggesting that PRDM10 may function in tissue differentiation. Our study revealed that PRDM10 might be a transcriptional regulator for normal tissue differentiation during mouse embryonic development.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.70-78
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• 1992

Antibacterial effects of the water-soluble extract of Ulmus pumila L. on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were studied by cylinder plate dilution method. The cells of S. aureus and E. coli treated with the extract were comparatively examined by scanning and transmission electron microscopies for their morphological features. The normal cells of S. aureus and E. coli showed thypical coccus and rod shapes, respectively, but the cells of S. aureus treated with the extract showed rough surface structures with many granular protrusions and were destroyed to form ghost cells by liberating their cytoplasmic components. E. coli cells treated with the extract were destoryed without enlarging in size and producing granules on their surfaces.

• Bulletin of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.25-33
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• 1979

The relation between the welding conditions and welding distortions were studied with the weld parameters, current, welding speed and plate thickness, and the form of the distortions were derived theoretically. To derive these formulas, the temperature distribution on the plane normal to the direction of the weld line was assumed to be parabolic. Both the theoretical studies for the transverse shrinkage and angular distoction were compared with the experiments. The experiments were performed on the fundamental cases of a bead welds on rectangular mild steel plates. It was found that the distoction formulas were in good agreement with the results of the experiments. The formulas for the calculation of the distortion were established for the case of bead on plate weld using rectangular mild steel plate and the KS E4313, $4mm\phi$ welding rod.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.657-662
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• 2004

The weight reduction of carbody structures is of great concern in developing high speed tilting train for the normal operation of tilting system. The use of composite materials for the carbody structures has many advantages due to their excellent material properties such as high specific strength and stiffness. In this paper, finite clement analysis was conducted to analysis and design the composite structure of Tilting Train eXpress(TTX). According to JIS E 7105, various load tests were performed using finite element analysis and the structural safety of the composite carbody structure was inspected to determine the thickness of the composite sandwich structure. In addition, structural analysis was conducted to suggest a design of the joint part of composite carbody and metal underframe.

• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.15-20
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• 2006

In this paper we study the exact controllability for the nonlinear fuzzy control system with nonlocal initial condition in $E_N^n$ by using the concept of fuzzy number of dimension n whose values are normal, convex, upper semicontinuous and compactly supported surface in $R^n$. $E_N^n$ be the set of all fuzzy numbers in $R^n$ with edges having bases parallel to axis $X_1,X_2,\;,X_n$.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.169-177
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• 2017

Tissue-specific transcription is critical for normal development, and abnormalities causing undesirable gene expression may lead to diseases such as cancer. Such highly organized transcription is controlled by enhancers with specific DNA sequences recognized by transcription factors. Enhancers are associated with chromatin modifications that are distinct epigenetic features in a tissue-specific manner. Recently, super-enhancers comprising enhancer clusters co-occupied by lineage-specific factors have been identified in diverse cell types such as adipocytes, hair follicle stem cells, and mammary epithelial cells. In addition, noncoding RNAs, named eRNAs, are synthesized at super-enhancer regions before their target genes are transcribed. Many functional studies revealed that super-enhancers and eRNAs are essential for the regulation of tissue-specific gene expression. In this review, we summarize recent findings concerning enhancer function in tissue-specific gene regulation and cancer development.