• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.18 no.9
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• pp.139-152
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• 2013

Although a series of studies shows the fact that a company's reputation could affect its sales rate and stock price, due to the increased use of SNS, the research related to the online measurement method for the corporate reputation has been relatively insufficient. This study explores a design for a method to quantify the corporate reputation value by reconstructing the discussions in literature review. Concretely, this study divides the corporate reputation value into the corporate identity information and the corporate awareness information, which includes the following five sub-categories: (1) the quality of product and service; (2) the employment environment; (3) the corporate vision; (4) the social responsibility; and (5) the business achievement. Additionally, for the corporate identity assessment, this study considers the following six factors: (1) Agreeableness (Goodness), (2)Capability (Ability), (3)Enterprise (Rise), (4)Chic (Class), (5) Ruthlessness (Authority), and (6)Informality. Based on these categories and factors, this study develops a technique quantifying the corporate reputation value by selecting 'word items' for the reputation search, and after conducting a frequency analysis in a survey. Also, to verify the result, this study exemplifies the reputation of three SI companies in Korea which could be utilized by using the commercialized reputation service. This study firstly attempts the corporate reputation measurement by classifying the identity and the awareness (corporate image and communication) upon a company in detail and enables its real applicabilities by proposing a formula to measure the reputation scores which can be utilized by verified word items from a frequency analysis.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.11
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• pp.4956-4962
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• 2012

Among the various parts of automobile, automotive seat is the most fundamental item that ride comfort can be evaluated as the direct contact part with human body. Automotive seat must have the sufficient rigidity and strength at the same time with ride comfort. In this study, cushion frame and back frame at car seat are modelled with 3D. There are structural simulation analyses about 3 kinds of tests on torsion strength, vertical load strength and back frame strength. In the analysis result, the initial total deformation and the permanent total deformation has the maximum values of 5.4821 mm and 0.02539mm respectively at the torsion strength test of cushion frame. Total deformations at front and rear end parts of cushion frame become the values of 2.1159mm and 0.0606mm respectively at the test of vertical load strength of cushion frame. In case of more than this load, the maximum value of total deformation also becomes 3.1739mm. The maximum value of total deformation becomes 0.18634mm at 3 kinds of the strength tests on back frame. By the study result of no excessive deformation and no fracture cushion frame and back frame at automotive seat, the sufficient rigidity and strength to guarantee the safety of passenger can be verified.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.11
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• pp.511-524
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• 2020

Purpose: This study aims to examine the effect of increased physical activity (PA) regarding health-related quality of life (QOL) and nutrition intake in hemodialysis patients. Methods: The research was quasi-experimental using pre-test and posttest design. The participants were 60 patients, 30 each in the experimental and control group. The program was up to eight weeks long and involved two kinds of aerobic exercises: intradialytic aerobic exercise to be performed thrice a week and walking for up to seven days a week. The 60 patients undergoing hemodialysis for end-stage renal disease underwent assessment of International Physical Activity Questionnaires (IPAQ), 24-hour diet recall and a 12-item short-form health survey (SF-12; physical component summary score(PCS) and mental component summary score(MCS)) before and after the exercise program. Nutrition intake was assessed using CAN-2.0. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, 𝑥2 test, and Mann-Whitney U test. Results: In the experimental group, PA post-test scores were also significantly higher than the pre-test scores and the levels of physical component summary score (PCS) in QOL were significantly improved post-test, but the scores on nutrient intake did not improve. The levels of PCS were significant correlations animal protein, manganese, selenium, and Vitamin C. Although there was no group effect, total calorie of nutrition intake was higher than the comparison group. Conclusion: Combined intradialytic exercise and walking was found to be effective on PA, and PCS in QOL. Therefore, the findings of the current study may provide an appropriate guidance for encouraging exercise by hemodialysis patient.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.13 no.9
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• pp.103-112
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• 2015

Purpose - This paper aims to provide a step-by-step approach to factor analytic procedures, such as principal component analysis (PCA) and exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and to offer a guideline for factor analysis. Authors have argued that the results of PCA and EFA are substantially similar. Additionally, they assert that PCA is a more appropriate technique for factor analysis because PCA produces easily interpreted results that are likely to be the basis of better decisions. For these reasons, many researchers have used PCA as a technique instead of EFA. However, these techniques are clearly different. PCA should be used for data reduction. On the other hand, EFA has been tailored to identify any underlying factor structure, a set of measured variables that cause the manifest variables to covary. Thus, it is needed for a guideline and for procedures to use in factor analysis. To date, however, these two techniques have been indiscriminately misused. Research design, data, and methodology - This research conducted a literature review. For this, we summarized the meaningful and consistent arguments and drew up guidelines and suggested procedures for rigorous EFA. Results - PCA can be used instead of common factor analysis when all measured variables have high communality. However, common factor analysis is recommended for EFA. First, researchers should evaluate the sample size and check for sampling adequacy before conducting factor analysis. If these conditions are not satisfied, then the next steps cannot be followed. Sample size must be at least 100 with communality above 0.5 and a minimum subject to item ratio of at least 5:1, with a minimum of five items in EFA. Next, Bartlett's sphericity test and the Kaiser-Mayer-Olkin (KMO) measure should be assessed for sampling adequacy. The chi-square value for Bartlett's test should be significant. In addition, a KMO of more than 0.8 is recommended. The next step is to conduct a factor analysis. The analysis is composed of three stages. The first stage determines a rotation technique. Generally, ML or PAF will suggest to researchers the best results. Selection of one of the two techniques heavily hinges on data normality. ML requires normally distributed data; on the other hand, PAF does not. The second step is associated with determining the number of factors to retain in the EFA. The best way to determine the number of factors to retain is to apply three methods including eigenvalues greater than 1.0, the scree plot test, and the variance extracted. The last step is to select one of two rotation methods: orthogonal or oblique. If the research suggests some variables that are correlated to each other, then the oblique method should be selected for factor rotation because the method assumes all factors are correlated in the research. If not, the orthogonal method is possible for factor rotation. Conclusions - Recommendations are offered for the best factor analytic practice for empirical research.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.13 no.9
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• pp.81-93
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• 2015

Purpose - "Showrooming" refers to the phenomenon where a shopper visits a store to see and compare products but makes the purchase online at a lower price. Surveys on showrooming activities at home and abroad indicate that a significant number of consumers pursue showrooming activities. The advent of "showroomers," who engage in buying activities, hovering both on and offline, while selectively choosing sales channels to suit their needs, is powerful enough to erode the borders between channels and bring about seismic changes in the distribution industry. However, surprisingly, there has been no in-depth discussion on showrooming. This study seeks to theoretically investigate what impact personal characteristics have on showrooming preferences and attitudes in a multi-channel environment. Specifically, assumptions have been made that price perception, perceived performance risk, and trust in online shopping not only have a direct impact on showrooming attitudes but also indirectly affect it through the means of contact motivation. Research design, data, and methodology - To test the hypotheses, this study conducted a survey of male and female shoppers, ages 20 through 40s, who live in metropolitan areas, and have actively showroomed fashion items in the last six months. A clothing item usually purchased after a careful decision-making process was chosen as the target product of the study. The survey was conducted between October and November 2014, using a professional survey service provider. A total of 200 surveys were collected, of which 198 were used for analysis. Conceptual model Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and Amos 18.0 were employed for data analysis and model verification. In addition, following the confirmatory factor analysis and measurement model analysis, the theoretical model that corresponds to the research model was analyzed. Results - Analysis results show that price perception, perceived performance risk, and trust in online shopping have a statistically significant and positive (+) impact on showrooming attitudes. In addition, in terms of the indirect influence of price perception and perceived performance risk on showrooming attitudes through means of contact motivation, price perception had a statistically significant and positive impact on means of contact motivation, whereas perceived performance risk did not have a statistically significant impact on it, with the relevant hypothesis rejected. Conclusions - These analysis results imply that the ultimate goal of consumers is to maximize their shopping benefits by selectively and strategically taking advantage of different channels in a complementary manner. This study presents many implications for distributors to encourage a deep understanding of showrooming consumers who have complicated consumption behaviors and to build channel integration strategies. This study has limitations in theoretical and practical implications. Therefore, subsequent studies need to focus on verifying that showrooming activities are based on reasonable and planned decisions by applying the theory of reasoned or planned behavior. In addition, the scope of the study should expand to include web showrooming, where consumers conduct product research online and purchase offline.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.826-832
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• 2016

Reduced greenhouse gas effect induced by LID (Low Impact Development) technique application in tramway construction was quantified to increase environmental benefit as part of an overall economic assessment. In addition, by application of penetration type permeable blocks, the effect of the urban water cycle was examined as a special assessment item in the policy analysis. The carbon emission ratios of the permeable turf block, according to the turf coverage rate (100%, 50% granite, and 50% HDPE), against the concrete track construction were -184.7%, -127.3%, and -116.3%, respectively. The carbon emission ratios of permeable blocks with granite and HDPE were 30.1% and 52.5%. In the case of the penetration type permeable block, it was possible to store rainfall in the block until 90mm/hr of rainfall intensity (94.3% of water reserve rate); therefore, this method was effective as part of the urban water cycle system. As a result, an increased environmental benefit from LID technique application is expected in tramway construction; this needs to be considered as a policy factor in AHP analysis.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.374-384
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• 2016

Concern about air pollution is gradually rising up in domestic and foreign, automotive and fuel researchers are trying to reduce vehicle exhaust emissions, through a lot of approaches, which consist of new engine design and innovative after-treatment systems, using clean (eco-friendly alternative) fuels and fuel quality improvement. This research is proceeding by two main issues : exhaust emissions and PM particle emissions of gasoline vehicle. Exhaust emissions, non-regulated emissions and PM (particulate matter) particles of automotive are causing many problems which ambient pollution and harmful effects on the human body. The main particulate fraction of automotive exhaust emissions consists of small particles. Because of their small size, inhaled particles can easily penetrate deep into the lungs. The rough surfaces of these particles make it easier for them to combine with other toxins in the environment. Thus, the hazards of particle inhalation are increased. Based on the oxygenated fuel additive types (MTBE, Bio-ETBE, Bio-ethanol, Bio-butanol), this paper discussed the influence of oxygen contents on gasoline vehicle exhaust emissions, non-regulated emissions and nano-particle emissions. Also, this paper assessed exhaust emission characteristics at 2 type test modes. The test modes were FTP-75 and HWFET. All measurement items be verified less than the value of regulated emissions. It could be known difference increase and decrease by each measurement item depending on increase the oxygen contents.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.359-371
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• 1996

This study has been done for the purpose of testing the effect of health education on the performance of health promoting behavior in college students, and identifying the factors affecting health promoting behaviors. A Nonequivalent control group posttest research design was used. Two hundred thirty college students at K College in T city were studied. Of them, 114 who attended a systematic health education session for three hours a week during one semester were the experimental group. And 116 college students who were chosen of matched sampling of grade, class and sex were the control group. This study was conducted from March 1 to July 2, 1995. The instruments used for this study included a survey of general characteristics, perceived health status, self-esteem, health promoting behavior and health locus of control. Analysis of data was done by use of mean, 1-test, Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression. The results of this study are summarized as follows : 1) The average item score for the health promoting behavior was low at 2.52. In the sub-categories, the highest degree of performance was ‘harmonious relationships’, following ‘sanitary life’, ‘self-esteem’, ‘rest and sleep’, and ‘emotional support’ and the lowest degree was ‘professional health management’. 2) Hypothesis 1 that the college students who get health education will have a higher degree of health promoting behavior than the college students who do not get health education was accepted. There was a statistically significant difference between the average of the experimentalgroup, 2.60, and the average of the control group, 2.45.（t＝11.30, p＝0.0009）. 3) Hypothesis 2 that the college students who get health education will have a higher score of perceived health status than college students who do not get the health education was rejected. （t＝1.13, p＝0.289） 4) Performance of health promoting behavior was positively correlated with self-esteem and grade and negatively correlated with perceived health status. 5) The most important factor affecting performance of health promoting behavior was self-esteem. The following suggestions are made based on the above results : 1) Replication of the research is needed to confirm effects of health education. 2) More effective health education programs need to be developed through by modification of teaching methods and content analysis of health education. 3) Other factors affecting health promoting behavior should be identified. 4) Nursing colleges or departments of nursing should make an effort to develop and carry out various health education programs for the health promotion of all college students.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.45-60
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• 1995

This study investigated the effects of education program conducted through individual home visit by CHPs, which was developed ,by the operational re-search technique for families of dementia patients. (Yeo Shin Hong et at,1994) The study was conducted in the form of a primary experimental design with 43 people as subjects, including dementia patients and family member in several Myon areas of Chungcheong Namdo between June 10 and August 20, 1994. The data was collected by questionnaires through the home visit by the CHPs. The results of study are as follows. 1. There is no difference in the quality of life between before and after the education program. 2. Role stress 'before the education program' was significantly different than 'after the education program'. 3. There was no difference in the feeling of burden between before and after the education program. 4. There was a significant difference in the abnormal behaviors of patients between before and after the education program. 5. The knowledge of dementia by the patient's family increased significantly after the education program, compared to that of 'before the education program'. 6. There was a significant difference in the attitude of family members toward the education program on dementia between before and after the education program. 7. The results of analysis on the coefficient relationship of various variables showed that the age of patients and family members have a significant correlation with role stress(p=.01). 8. In the subjective evaluation of family members on changes in actual nursing actions and the improvement of knowledge and technique in terms of daily living, (including abnormal behavior of patients, adjustment of environment for patients, activity programs for patients, communication technique with patients, ensuring the safety of patients, clothing, meals and elimination, 60-65% of family members responded that their knowledge had increased. As for improvement in techniques for each item, the technique for communication with patients showed the greatest improvement while the action program method for patients showed the least change. As for the nursing service provided to patients, most respondents showed a positive change. The specific items for which more than 80% respondents answered positively were as follows : recognizing the demand of patients, getting patients to do simple house works, talking softly and gently, removing dangerous things, preparing comfortable clothes that are easy to put on and take off, and limiting water consumption at night. As a result of study, the following suggestions can be made. The purpose of the study was to examine the effect of an education program developed and applied for dementia patients and family members in the community. This needs to be compared with a similar study conducted in the urban setting. In addition, a community service program (ex : nursing hem and shelter) including the application of the education program should be developed and the study done to investigate its effect.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.79-88
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• 2014

Vampilov, who is not well known as a playwright in domestic, is acknowledged comparable to Anton Chekhov in Russia. This paper was planed in order to promote a unsatisfied study until now in domestic for works by Vampilov and studied a part of composing play to put on the stage for , a drama written by Vampilov. This paper, originated from a viewpoint that actor have to complete the final text of the play for audiences to read depending on the drama and based on work features and characters of Vampilov, established an analysis scheme according to segments of unit actions for actions of Sarafanov, the character of the play, in order to achieve a purpose under suggested situation at the drama and focused on completing purposes per units individually. We have analyzed Sarafanov and his actions referring patterns and probabilities of the characters in the other works by Vampiov and regarded it as the important item together with logical basis of actions. Lyric and humanism emphasizing works by Vampilov, affected by Anton Chekhov and Nikolai Vasilevich Gogol, are acknowledged as realistic descriptions using contingency and a play within a play outstandingly and emphasized an importance of human relation. We have selected as a primary way to compose action text that audiences would read on the stage and used it as the method to design action of the characters in order to activate natural good of Sarafanov and general absurdities that human, does creative works, never give up purposes of ideal life.