• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
• /
• v.9 no.6
• /
• pp.647-655
• /
• 2023

This study is a descriptive research study conducted to confirm the relationship between nursing students' confidence in performing core basic nursing skills and major satisfaction. The study participants and data collection were selected from March 26 to April 9, 2023, for 63 nursing students, and t-test, ANOVA, and correlation analysis were performed using the SPSS 27.0 version for statistical analysis. As a result of the study, nursing students were mainly observed(56.85%), rather than performing core basic nursing skills(38.03%), and 50% of the core basic nursing items were higher than the average score of confidence in performing core basic nursing. The participants who responded that they were satisfied with nursing showed high confidence and major satisfaction in performing core basic nursing, and the two variables showed a high positive correlation (r=0.55, p<0.001).

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
• /
• v.25 no.3
• /
• pp.81-95
• /
• 2023

The purpose of this study is to analyze the newtro fashion style and extract key descriptive terms for visual image evaluation based on the style. To achieve this, a literature review, case study, and survey were conducted. The results are as follows: 1) Newtro fashion exhibited a variety of styles depending on the items being considered. In particular, the windbreaker style is composed of windbreakers, sweatshirts, and training pants, the blazer style consists of blazers, sweatshirts, and denim pants, and the padding style is characterized by short padding, sweatshirts, and jogger pants. 2) A total of 28 terms were identified as vocabulary to represent the visual images of newtro fashion. Among these, 17 terms appeared with a frequency of 30 or more times across the three styles. Commonly used terms included 'emotional', 'desirable', 'empathetic', 'unique', 'moody', 'retro', 'sophisticated', 'stylish', 'vintage', 'confident', 'youthful', 'trendy', and 'modern'. 3) By examining terms with a frequency of 50 times or more, the visual images associated with each style were compared. For the windbreaker style, the newtro fashion image was predominantly described as 'desirable', 'youthful', 'modern', 'stylish', and 'emotional'. The blazer style was associated with 'retro', 'unconventional', 'stylish', 'trendy', 'empathetic', 'modern', 'intricate', and 'unique'. In the padding style, the newtro fashion image was characterized as 'youthful', 'intricate', 'cute', 'stylish', 'modern', 'unique', and 'confident'.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
• /
• v.31 no.5
• /
• pp.640-650
• /
• 2023

This study aimed to suggest a suitable collar pattern by visually evaluating the appearance of the amount of collar drape by the starting position of the lapel line of a double-breasted tailored jacket using a 3d virtual fitting program. It created an avatar based on the mean size of women in their 20s (the 8th Size Korea) using clo network (double fastening: 10cm, collar width: 4.5cm, collar stand: 3cm, and lapel width: 8.5cm). The starting of the lapel twist line was waistline level, the 1/2 level of bustline and waistline, or bustline level, and collar laying amount was 4.5, 5.5, 6.5, or 7.5cm. It was evaluated by garment construction experts using 5, 6, and 4 items on the front, sides, and back, respectively. Descriptive statistics, F-test, Duncan-test, and reliability analysis were conducted using SPSS 22. When collar laying amount was 6.5cm, it was best rated regardless of the starting point. Under waist line, when collar laying amount was 6.5cm, it was best rated regardless of the starting point. When collar laying amount was large, the collar's outline length increased, resulting in unnecessary wrinkles from the neckline to the lapel, affecting the overall collar appearance. When collar laying amount was the smallest, the collar was lifted and the width was narrowed, exposing the seam connecting the collar and neckline. The length of the collar's outline varied depending on collar laying amount, which was important to make the outline sit comfortably on the body.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
• /
• v.30 no.2
• /
• pp.170-181
• /
• 2024

Purpose: This study aims to assess the importance and performance of patient safety activities for inpatients in small- and medium-sized hospitals. The objective is to identify the need for patient safety education by analyzing differences in importance and performance ratings. Methods: The study involved 300 patients hospitalized in three small- and medium-sized hospitals. Data collection took place in October 2023, focusing on investigating the importance and performance of patient safety activities. Descriptive statistics and an Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) were conducted using the IBM SPSS statistics 25.0 program. Results: The average importance of patient safety activities was 3.51±0.41, and the average performance was 3.37±0.43, indicating that the importance of patient safety activities was higher than their performance. According to the IPA, the components of patient safety activities that fell into the second quadrant of high importance but low performance included three medication-related items and one test/procedure/surgery-related item. Conclusion: In this study, it was found that inpatients in small- and medium-sized hospitals had a higher importance on patient safety activities than performance and needed ways to increase their performance. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a customized educational program that can increase the practical performance of inpatients' patient safety activities based on the contents that were determined to need improvement.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
• /
• v.34 no.2
• /
• pp.126-133
• /
• 2024

Background: Medication's benefits and harms require careful management. Laws mandate pharmacists to provide essential medication details since inadequate counseling may pose risks. This study explores public expectations for pharmacist-provided side effect information to enhance safety. Methods: A self-developed questionnaire was created for participant to self-report, refined through pilot surveys with experts and laypersons. Nineteen items were categorized into four sections, using closed-ended questions. Adults over 20, having obtained prescription medications within the past year, were surveyed via convenience sampling. Data analysis employed descriptive statistics and T-tests using IBM SPSS Statistics 21 and Microsoft Excel. Results: The study involved 189 participants, with a slightly higher proportion of females (59.3%) than males (40.7%), predominantly in their 20s (45.0%) and college graduates (57.1%). Health professionals represented 76.2% of respondents. Over half visited pharmacies at least 5 times yearly for prescriptions. Indirect experience with side effects was more common (30.2%) than direct experience (17.5%). Most (82.0%) showed interest in media-reported side effect events. Satisfaction with pharmacist-provided side effect explanations was low (59.7%), but importance was high (98.9%). Preferences favored combined verbal and written explanations (65.1%), with a majority desiring explanations for common but less serious side effects (82.5%). Healthcare professionals found explanations significantly more sufficient than non-professionals did. Older individuals, those living with elderly, and frequent pharmacy visitors attributed greater importance to pharmacist-provided explanations. Conclusion: Koreans view pharmacist-provided medication side effect explanations as vital but find current services lacking. Enhancements in content and delivery methods are needed in pharmacy counseling to meet public expectations.

• International Journal of Knowledge Content Development & Technology
• /
• v.14 no.3
• /
• pp.19-38
• /
• 2024

This study investigated the information needs of prisoners and the adequacy of information resources in prison libraries in Anambra State, Nigeria. Two research questions guided the study. The population of the study was 1781 inmates in prisons in Anambra State. The sample size of 327 was selected using Taro Yamane's formula and proportionate stratified sampling techniques. Two instruments titled the Information Needs of Prisoners Questionnaire and the Adequacy of Information Resources Checklist were used for data collection. The instruments were validated by three experienced lecturers. One in the department of Educational Foundations (Measurement and Evaluation Unit) and two in the Department of Library and Information Science, all at Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka. Cronbach's alpha was used to determine the internal consistency of the questionnaire items, with a value of 0.79. The researchers administered the questionnaires with the help of four research assistants (correctional officers). Out of 327 questionnaires administered, 314 were successfully retrieved. The percentage return rate of distributed questionnaires is 96%. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics of the mean; also, the International Federation of Library Association (IFLA) guideline for library services to prisoners was also used as a yardstick for the measurement of adequacy. The results from the data analysis indicated that prisoners have diverse information needs that, when met, would help them during their stay in prison as well as when they are eventually released; these needs include legal information, information on prison rules, financial information, and others. While there were few information resources found to be adequate, the inadequacy of most of the listed information resources is recorded in prison libraries in Anambra State, Nigeria. It is therefore recommended that information resources be made adequately available for prisoners in relation to their information needs.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.23 no.4
• /
• pp.585-601
• /
• 1993

Data on 63 patients who had had motorcycle accidents and who were admitted to four general hospitals in the Chung Chung Nam Do area from July / 1993 to August 1993 were analyzed. The tool used for this study was a structured questionnaire which consisted of ten items on self- esteem, 18 items on health locus of control and 37 items profiling health prometion lifestyle. Injury severity scores were calculated bated based on data from the patients’ medical records. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS, yielding descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation. The findings of this study are as follows. 1) Of the 63 injured motorcyclists, 35(55.6%) were helmeted and 28(44.4%) were nonhelmeted, and the nonhelmeted motorcyclists were predominantly young and male. The demographic variables for the helmeted and nonhelmeted groups were heterogeneous for age and occupation. 2) The results of the comparison between the two groups showed a statistically significant difference in the injury severity score(t=-4.70, p=0.000). The helmeted group had lower scores on injury severity score (9.00±3.93) than the nonhelmeted group(14.32土5.05). More than 60% of the nonhelmeted motorcyclists had brain injuries compared to only a third of the helmeted cyclists. 3) There .was a statistically significant difference between the two groups on self esteem(t=4.5, 000). The helmeted group had a higher mean score (31.27±2.72) than the nonhelmeted group(27.46±3.80). 4) The means for Internal health locus of control (IHLC), Powerful others health locus of control (PHLC), and Chance health locus of control (CHLC) in the two groups were similar to instrument norms reported in other literature. The mean scores on the IHLC in the two groups were higher than scores on the PHLC or the CHLC. However, there was a significant difference between the mean scores for the two groups on the PHLC (t=2.85, P=0.006). 5) The mean score for the helmeted group on the health promotion lifestyle profile was higher than the mean score for the nonhelmeted group(107.30±11.10, 96.57土 15.54 respectively), and there was a significant difference between the mean scores (t=3.64, p=0.001) . The highest score for helmeted group on the health promotion lifestyle profile was in the health care domain. However, for the nonhelmeted group the highest score was in the exercise domain and the lowest score was in the health care domain. 6) With regard to the relationship between health promotion lifestyle, health locus of control and self esteem in the two groups, the correlation coefficient between health promotion lifestyle and internal health locus of control for the helmeted group was 50(p〈0.01). For the nonhelmeted group, there was no correlation between health promotion lifestyle and internal health locus of control. However, there were significant correlation between health pro-motion lifestyle and external locus of control(r=0. 46, p〈0.01), and self esteem(r=0.495, p〈0.01). 7) Among the demographic variables, age and education had an impact on individual’s self-esteem The modifying factors of age made a contribution to explaining health - promoting lifestyle. In the present study, more than 40% rf the motorcyclists were riding without a helmet. The incidence of brain injury for patients riding without a helmet was nearly twice as high in the nonhelmeted rider as compared to the helmeted rider. The nonhelmeted motorcyclists in this study had lower self-esteem, obtained a higher score on the IHLC, and were not strongly engaged in performing health promotion activities as compared to the helmeted riders. However, some of the nonhelmeted riders who had a strong belief in PHLC were positively associated with engaging in health promotion activities. Based on the results obtained from this study, strategies to promote helmet usage for motorcyclists have to be developed.

• Korean Journal of Hospice Care
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.58-74
• /
• 2002

This paper constitutes a descriptive investigation and used a structured questionnaire to investigate nurses' and doctors' recognition of cancer patients. The subjects were extracted from the medical personnel working at the internal medicine, the surgery ward, the obstetrics and gynecology department, the pediatrics department, the cancer ward, and the emergency room of five general hospitals located in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province. The research lasted from August, 2001 to September 2001. Total 137 nurses and 65 doctors were included and made out the questionnaires directly distributed by the investigator. The study tool was also developed by the investigator and consisted of such items as the demographic and social characteristics, the medical personnel's recognition degree of cancer and cancer patients, their recognition of the management of cancer patients, and their participation in a hospice. The results were analyzed using the SPSS Window program in terms of technological statistics, ranks, t-test, and ANOVA. The reliability was represented in Cronbach' α=.75. The nurses' and doctors' recognition degree of cancer and cancer patients had an overall average of 3.86 at the 5 point-scale. The items that received an average of 4.0 or more included 'Medical personnel should explain about the cancer cure plans to the cancer patient and his or her family', 'A patient whose case has been diagnosed as a terminal cancer should be notified of it, 'If I were a cancer patient, I would want to get informed of it,' and 'Cancer shall be conquered whenever it is'. In the meantime, the items that received an average of 3.0 or less was 'My relationship with the cancer patient's family has gotten worse since I announced his or her impending death.' And according to the general characteristics and the difference test, the recognition degree of cancer and cancer patient was high among the subgroups of nurses, females, married persons, who were in their 30s, who had a family member that was a cancer patient, and who received a hospice education. The biggest number of the nurses and doctors saw 'a gradual approach over several days'(68.8%) as a method to tell a cancer patient about his or her cancer diagnosis or impending death. Those who usually tell tragic news were the physician in charge(62.8%), the family members or relatives(32.1%) and the clergymen(3.8%) in the order. The greatest number of them recommended a cancer patient's home as the place where he or she should face death because they thought 'it would stabilize his or her mentality'(91.9%) while a number of them recommended the hospital because they 'should give the psychological satisfaction to the patient'(40%) or 'should try their best until the last moment of the patient's death'(30%). A majority of the medical personnel regarded 'smoking or drinking' and 'diet' as the causes of cancer. The biggest symptom of a cancer patient was 'pain' and the pain management of a cancer patient was mostly impeded by the 'excessive fear of drug addiction, tolerance to drugs and side effects of drugs' by medical personnel, the patient, and his or her family. The most frequently adopted treatment plan of a terminal cancer patient was 'to do whatever the patient or his or her family wants' to resort to a hospice' and 'to continue active treatment efforts' in the order. The biggest reasons why a terminal cancer patient went to see a doctor were 'pain alleviation' 'control of symptoms other than pain(intravenous supply)' and 'incapability of the patient's family' in the order. Terminal cancer patients placed their major concern in 'spiritual(religious) matter' 'emotional matters' their family' 'existence' and 'physical matters' in the order. 113(58.5%) of the whole medical personnel answered they 'would recommend' an alternative treatment to a terminal cancer patient mostly because they assumed it would 'stabilize the patient's mentality.' Meanwhile, 80(41.5%) of them chose 'not to recommend it mostly due to the unverified effects and high cost of it(78.7%). A majority of them, I. e. 190(94.1%) subjects said they 'would recommend' a hospice to a terminal cancer patient mostly because they thought it would help the patient to 'mentally prepare'(66.6%) Only 17.3% of them, however, had received a hospice education, most of which was done through the hospital duty education(41.4%) and volunteer training(34.5%). The follows are results of this study: 1. The nurses and the doctors turned out to be still passive and experience confusion in dealing with a cancer patient despite their great sense of responsibility for him or her. 2.Nurses and Doctors realize the need of a hospice, but an extremely small number of them participate in a hospice education or performance. Thus, a whole recognition of a hospice should be changed, for which purpose a hospice education for nurses and doctors should be provided. 3.Terminal cancer patients preferred their home to a hospital as the place to face their impending death because they felt it would bring 'mental stability.' And most of nurses and doctors think it would be unnecessary for them to be hospitalized just for control of their symptoms. Accordingly a terminal cancer patient can be cared at home, and a home hospice care needs to be activated.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.26-40
• /
• 2001

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to develop task guidelines for hospice team members. The task range of all personnel who work for hospice institutions was identified, and a tool describing roles and tasks of the hospice team members was developed based on review of related literature, both domestic and international. Methods : The content validity of the tool was assured by an expert panel through two phases of discussion. The first phase of the study included a survey conducted from December 1999 to January 2000 for a total of 126 hospice experts and practitioners affiliated with domestic hospice institutions. The second phase of the study included 35 subjects. The data were collected using a survey when the investigators visited each hospice institution. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results : 1) In the first phase of the study, all items scored over 80 points in CVI were selected as the roles and tasks of hospice coordinator, nurse, pastor, social worker, pharmacist, nutritionist, therapist, volunteer, and nurse aide. However, two items were excluded because they scored below 80 points: an item describing eligibility of a physician, a person who has a license for managing anesthetic agents was scored as 78.6 points, and an item describing the eligibility of the team leader of volunteers, a person educated at the graduate level was scored as 74.7 points. 2) In the second phase of the study, all items scored over 80 points in CVI were selected as the roles and tasks of hospice nurse, pastor, social worker, pharmacist, nutritionist, therapist, volunteer, and nurse aide. Of the roles of the hospice coordinator, however, the item scored as 77.9 points, assess and plan a patients physical, social, emotional, and spiritual status, and, of the roles of the team leaders of volunteers, the item scored as 78.6, attend a team meeting once a week and participate in building an standard nursing plan for patients were included in the tool since they scored over 80 points in the first phase of the study. Conclusion : The developed task guideline should be further modified and revised based on the findings of a preliminary application in the actual field. There is also a need of continuous research for developing more culturally-appropriate task guidelines for hospice team members.

• The Korean Nurse
• /
• v.28 no.3
• /
• pp.52-67
• /
• 1989

True nursing care means total nursing care which includes physical, emotional and spiritual care. The modern nursing care has tendency to focus toward physical care and needs attention toward emotional and spiritual care. The total nursing care is mandatory for patients with terminal cancer and for this purpose, hospice care became emerged. Hospice case originated from the place or shelter for the travellers to Jerusalem in medieval stage. However, the meaning of modem hospice care became changed to total nursing care for dying patients. Modern hospice care has been developed in England, and spreaded to U.S.A. and Canada for the patients with terminal cancer. Nowaday, it became a part of nursing care and the concept of hospice care extended to the palliative care of the cancer patients. Recently, it was introduced to Korea and received attention as model of total nursing care. This study was attempted to assess the efficacy of hospice care. The purpose of this study was to prove a difference in terms of physical, emotional a d spiritual aspect between the group who received hospice care and who didn't receive hospice care. The subject for this study were 113 patients with advanced cancer who were hospitalized in the S different hospitals. 67 patients received hospice care in 4 different hospitals, and 46 patients didn't receive hospice care in another 4 different hospitals. The method of this study was the questionaire which was made through the descriptive study. The descriptive study was made by individual contact with 102 patients cf advanced cancer for 9 months period. The measurement tool for questionaire was made by author through the descriptive study, and included the personal religious orientation obtained from chung(originated R. Fleck) and 5 emotional stages before dying from Kubler Ross. The content ol questionaire consisted in 67 items which included 11 for general characteristics, 10 for related condition with cancer, 13 for wishes far physical therapy, 13 for emotional reactions and 20 for personal religious orientation. Data for this study was collected from Aug. 25 to Oct. 6 by author and 4 other nurse's who received education and training by author for the collection of data. The collected data were ana lysed using descriptive statistics, $X^2-test$, t-test and pearson correlation coefficient. Results of the study were as follows: "H.C Group" means the group of patient with cancer who received hospice care. "Non H.C Group" means the group of patient with cancer who did not receive hospice care. 1. There is a difference between H.C Group and Non H.C Group in term of the number of physical symptoms, subjective degree of pain sensation and pain control, subjective beliefs in physical cure, emotional reaction, help of present emotional and spiritual care from other personal, needs of emotional and spiritual care in future, selection of treatment method by patients and personal religious orientation. 2. The comparison of H.C Group and Non H.C Group 1) There is no difference in wishes for physical therapy between two groups(p=.522). Among Non H.C Group, a group, who didn't receive traditional therapy and herb medicine was higher than a group who received these in degree of belief that the traditional therapy and herb medicine can cure their disease, and this result was higher in comparison to H.C Group(p=.025, p=.050). 2) Non H.C Group was higher than H.C Group in degree of emotional reaction(p=.050). H.C Group was higher than Non H.C Group in denial and acceptant stage among 5 different emotional stages before dying described by Kubler Ross, especially among the patient who had disease more than 13 months(p=.0069, p=.0198). 3) Non H.C Group was higher than H. C Group in demanding more emotional and spiritual care to doctor, nurse, family and pastor(p=. 010). 4) Non H.C Group was higher than H.C Group in demanding more emotional and spiritual care to each individual of doctor, nurse and family (p=.0110, p=.0029, P=. 0053). 5) H.C Group was higher th2.n Non H.C Group in degree of intrinsic behavior orientation and intrinsic belief orientation of personal religious orientation(p=.034, p=.026). 6) In H.C Group and Non H.C Group, the degree of emotional demanding of christians was significantly higher than non christians to doctor, nurse, family and pastor(p=. 000, p=.035). 7) In H.C Group there were significant positive correlations as following; (1) Between the degree of emotional demandings to doctor, nurse, family & pastor and: the degree of intrinsic behavior orientation in personal religious orientation(r=. 5512, p=.000). (2) Between the degree of emotional demandings to doctor, nurse. family & pastor and the degree of intrinsic belief orientation in personal religious orientation(r=.4795, p=.000). (3) Between the degree of intrinsic behavior orientation and the degree of intrinsic: belief orientation in personal religious orientation(r=.8986, p=.000). (4) Between the degree of extrinsic religious orientation and the degree of consensus religious orientation in personal religious orientation (r=. 2640, p=.015). In H.C. Group there were significant negative correlations as following; (1) Between the degree of intrinsic behavior orientation and extrinsic religious orientation in personal religious orientation (r=-.4218, p=.000). (2) Between the degree or intrinsic behavior orientation and consensus religious orientation in personal religious orientation(r=-. 4597, p=.000). (3) Between the degree of intrinsic belief orientations and the degree of extrinsic religious orientation in personal religious orientation(r=-.4388, p=.000). (4) Between the degree of intrinsic belief orientation and the degree of consensus religious orientation in personal religious orientation(r=-. 5424, p=.000). 8) In Non H.C Group there were significant positive correlation as following; (1) Between the degree of emotional demandings to doctor, nurse, family & pastor and the degree of intrinsic behavior orientation in personal religious orientation(r= .3566, p=.007). (2) Between the degree of emotional demandings to doctor, nurse, family & pastor and the degree of intrinsic belief orientation in personal religious orientation(r=.3430, p=.010). (3) Between the degree of intrinsic behavior orientation and the degree of intrinsic belief orientation in personal religious orientation(r=.9723, p=.000). In Non H.C Group there were significant negative correlation as following; (1) Between the degree of emotional demandings to doctor, nurse, family & pastor and the degree of extrinsic religious orientation in personal religious orientation(r= -.2862, p=.027). (2) Between the degree of intrinsic behavior orientation and the degree of extrinsic religious orientation in personal religious orientation(r=-. 5083, p=.000). (3) Between the degree of intrinsic belief orientation and the degree of extrinsic religious orientation in personal religious orientation(r=-. 5013, p=.000). In conclusion above datas suggest that hospice care provide effective total nursing care for the patients with terminal cancer, and hospice care is mandatory in all medical institutions.