• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 1999.10a
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• pp.43-57
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• 1999

Recently, leading edge companies use the Supply Chain Management as a competitive weapon to secure and maintain customer loyalty. As a consequence, they are concentrating resources on the company's core business and employing strategic alliances with third-party providers to ensure the company provides its customers' desired logistics service levels at acceptable costs. Under this circumstances, this paper surveys the third party logistics as a loading edge logistics industry coping with the progress of the supply chain management. The status and the type of the TPL including the Forwarder are analyzed in the view point of global logistics. Also, the development strategy of third party logistics in the future is suggested.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.36
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• pp.285-307
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• 1998

This study explored three issues in regard to the relationship among stressful life events, coping, successful outcomes, life satisfaction and depression. The first issue was about the differences in the level of use among eight coping strategies according to the type of stressful life events. The second issue dealt with the differences between those who achieved successful outcomes and those who did not in the use of coping strategies. The third issue was if the different use of coping strategies was related to the level of life satisfaction and depression. Stressful life events were divided into problems of four areas such as health, finance, family relations including well-being of family members, and work Coping was assessed by eight factors. The survey data collected from 221 community residing adults was used for analyses. Findings suggested that the level of the use of escape-avoidance was very low while the level of the use of planful problem solving, seeking positive meaning, self control, and accepting responsibility was high for all stressful life events. It was also found that in some stressful life events those who achieved successful outcomes used more planful problem solving, more seeking positive meaning and less escape-avoidance than those who did not achieve successful outcomes. Finally, for almost all of the stressful life events, the use of more planful problem solving was related to either higher level of life-satisfaction or lower level of depression while the use of more escape-avoidance was related to lower level of life-satisfaction and higher level of depression. According to the results, implication for social work intervention was discussed.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.483-512
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• 2022

This study examined the patterns of coping strategies among Koreans during the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic, explored the influence of demographic information (gender, age, economic level, household type), along with the unusual experiences due to COVID-19 (fear, stress of COVID, constraints of routine, income risk) on the classification of subclasses, and analyzed the latent profile differences in psychological wellbeing (life satisfaction, depression, and anxiety). An online survey was conducted among Korean Adults(n=600) between April 13, 2020 and 21, when WHO declared COVID-19 a global pandemic and Daegu as well as Gyeongsangbuk-do was nominated as a special disaster zone. First, Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) was used to identify subclasses of coping strategies and results suggested that the 4-class model had the best fit. Second, Class memberships were predicted by gender, age, economic level, as well as fear, stress, constraints of routine, and income risk, among the unusual experiences due to COVID-19. Finally, there are differences in psychological wellbeing among latent profiles. 'High level of adaptive coping group 3' showed the highest level of life satisfaction, 'Adaptive-maladaptive coping group 4' showed the highest level of depression, anxiety. Implications and suggestions are discussed based on the study results.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.105-135
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to examine the experience of stress, coping and social support among students and their parents after Korea recovered from the recent economic crisis. A total of 634 students(primary school=135, junior high school=118, senior high school=168, and university=213) and 842 parents (fathers=421, mothers= 421), for a total of 1,476 participants, completed an open-ended questionnaire developed by the present researchers. For students, the most painful experience was related to problems in academic life, followed by problems in relationship. For father, the most painful experience was financial problems and for mothers, it was conflicts in the family. In stress situations, self-regulation was the most frequently adopted coping style by both students and adults. The second most frequently reported coping style was avoidance. In terms of social support, students reported receiving most support from friends, and the importance of friends became greater for the older students. Parents reported receiving most social support from their spouse. As for the type of social support, around half of students and parents reported receiving emotional support. Emotional support was viewed as being very important in reducing the stress experience related to academic life, problems in relationships, family conflict, and financial difficulties. The results of the present study will be compared to similar studies conducted before and during the economic crisis and the implications of these studies, as well as the importance of the indigenous Korean psychology, will be discussed.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.69-92
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• 1996

The purpose of study was : 1) to analyze the trend of research on the family with chronically ill children in Korea, 2) to suggest direction for future study on the family with chronically ill children, and contributing to the use of intervention in family nursing practice. Research studies on the family with chronically ill children were selected from the Korean Nusre, the Korean Nurses' Academic Society Journal, and from dissertations, which were conducted between 1975 and 1995. The total numbers of the studies were 35. These studies were analyzed for 1)time of publication or presentation, 2)research design, 3)characteristics of subjects, 4) type of chronic disease, 5)main concepts, 6)measurement tool, 7) the sis for a degree or nondegree, 8) result of correlational studies. The findings of the analysis were as follows : 1) The numbers of studies on the family with chronically ill children have increas rapidly the early 1990's. In research design, the numbers of survey research studies were the highest. Especially, the most frequently research design was the correlational survey. There were 19 correlational studies(25.7%) during the early 1990's. 2) The subjects in 16 studies(45.7%) were mother of chronically ill children and, in 8 studies (22.9% ) were their parents. 3) In most types of chronic diseases, there were 14 hematooncologic disease(32.6%) and 14 hadicapped children (32.6% ). 4) Frequently used research concepts were stress, degree of coping or way of coping, social support, parents' support, family functioning, intensity of family and family adaptation. 5) Acceding to the results of correlational studies, the more family stress was higher the more degree of coping, family functioning, intensity of family and degree of family adaption was lower. The more degree of social support was higher the more stress was lower and degree of coping, family functioning and intensity of family was higher. The more family functioning was higher the more intensity of family and family adaptation was higher. 6) 24 researches on the family with chronically ill children were done for a thesis for a degree and 11 were nondegree research studies. The following suggestions are made based on the above findings : 1) The pattern of these studies related to the family with chronically ill children in domain of Nursing need to be compared with trend in other domains. 2) More replicated research on the family with chronically ill children is needed to develop family nursing intervention and prove the effect of that and more qualitative research on the family with chronically ill children is needed to comprehensive indepth the family with chronically ill children. 3) Further research on the family with chronically ill children is needed to verify subjects and type of chronic disease, develop applicable measurement tools in Korea and identify relation between other concepts. 4) Family nursing researchers should make an effort to apply research result in various clinical settings and community settings, and try to carry out not only team research with clinical nurse but also other multidisciplinary researcher related to the family.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.325-336
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• 2020

This study identified the perception and coping ability of an emergency involving the elderly for facility directors in charge of services in long-term care facilities, and used it as basic data for developing educational programs and policy data for improving the ability of emergency facilities. The subjects were 192 directors of elderly care facilities and home care centers. Data were collected from March 15 to April 20, 2019 and analyzed using the SPSS WIN 25.0 program. Data analysis was performed using t-test, One-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, Scheffe, and multiple linear regression. The results revealed 97.4% of emergency experience, 6.16 points of emergency perception, and 62% of correct answers, and coping ability of an emergency was 69.61 ± 13.537. The negative correlation between emergency experience and ability to cope with emergencies(r=-.202, p= .005) was the long-term care facility type(β = 8.253, p<.001). Overall, an education program considering the type of long-term care facility is needed when applying emergency education for facility directors.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.479-486
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• 2023

This study is a descriptive research study to determine differences in conflict management types according to MBTI preference indicators among nursing students. Data collection was from August 30 to September 30, 2023. Data analysis was performed using independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Scheffe's. As a result of the study, among the MBTI indicators showing significant differences in conflict management types, 'i' had higher avoidance than 'E' in the energy direction (t=-3.776, <0.01). In the case of decision-making function, F had higher concession (t=-3.478, <0.01) and avoidance (t=-3.389, <0.01) than T, and T had higher dominance than F (t=2.070, <0.5). In terms of external life coping style, J had higher cooperation (t=2.756, <0.01) and compromise (t=2.044, <0.5) than P. In MBTI's psychological function types, the NF type had higher concessions than the ST type (F=4.174, <0.05), and the SF type had higher avoidance than the ST type (F=4.202, <0.05). The results of analyzing the differences in conflict management types by combining the MBTI decision-making function type and external life coping style showed that the FJ type was more cooperative than the FP type (F=2.907, <0.05), and the FJ type was more cooperative than the TP type (F =4.662, <0.01), and the FJ type had higher avoidance than the TJ type (F=3.327, <0.05). MBTI's attitude index showed that the EJ type had higher cooperation than the EP type (F=2.817, <0.05), and the IP type had significantly higher avoidance than the EP type (F=4.551, <0.01). This study is significant in confirming differences in conflict management types by combining MBTI decision-making function types (F, T) and external life coping styles (J, P), which have not been studied in Korea to date. In the follow-up study, we propose research on conflict management types by MBTI personality type by reflecting the results of this study and expanding the number of subjects, development of conflict management programs by MBTI indicators and personality types, and analysis of program effectiveness.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.472-480
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• 2016

In this study, 110 adults aged 40 to 69 years were surveyed from April 28, 2016, to May 28, 2016 to analyze their periodontal status according to daily stress, coping methods, and oral health behavior. The collected data were analyzed using the t-test, one-way analysis of variance, and hierarchical multiple regression. Daily stress levels of all subjects were most frequent potential risk 64.5% of the subjects, the high risk 19.1% and 16.4% of the health group. Regarding stress coping methods, active methods recorded 2.46, passive methods recorded 2.32. Regarding oral health behaviors, subjects brushed an average of 2.45 times daily, for an average of 2 minutes. Futhermore, 69.1% of subjects brushed before bedtime and 89.1% practiced scaling. Regarding periodontal status, the O'Leary index was 73.45, gingivitis index was 1.30, an average of 2.83 quadrants possessed a periodontal pocket. The hierarchical multiple regression analysis identified, type of employment (${\beta}=-0.348$), scaling (${\beta}=-0.253$), and age (${\beta}=0.244$) as factors that influence the number of quadrants possessing a periodontal pocket. These results confirmed that the oral health behavior of scaling, but not stress levels of coping methods, strongly influenced periodontal status.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.226-232
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• 1999

Background : Various type of psychological and stressful events in life have been reported to have much effect in the onset, progress and exacerbation of psychosomatic disorders such as hypertension, bronchial asthma, peptic ulcer, tension headache, alopecia areata, and atopic dermatitis. However, the nature of the association between stress and psychosomatic disorders remains unclear. Objective : The purpose of this study is to determine the relation of stress and the progress of dermatologic disorder. Method : We examined 30 patients with atopic dermatitis and 30 control subjects with tinea pedis and onychomycosis who visited to Dept. of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University Hospital. To evaluate the stress, we used 'Scale of Life Events' and 'Multidemensional Coping Scale'. Result : 1) The score of life events stress in atopic dermatitis group was significantly higher than that of control group. 2) In the result of coping strategies, the atopic dermatitis group was significantly higher than control group at the active forgetting, positive comparison, and emotional pacification, while in control group religious seeking and accomodation tended to be higher with no statistical significance. Conclusion : These findings suggest that psychosocial stress may play a role in life pattern of atopic dermatitis. But further studies are needed to clarity the exact relationship between stress and psychosomatic disorder.

• 한국노년학
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.869-881
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to analyze the characteristics of violent experiences, the types of responses to violent experiences, the coping methods among nurses working in long-term care hospitals. Data were collected using structured questionnaires from 226 nurses in 12 long-term care hospitals in J province. Data collection was performed between April 15, 2016 and April 29, 2016. The data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics and ${\chi}2-test$. Of all the respondents, 55.8% had experienced violence in the past 1 year. Of the perpetrators of the violence, 54.6% and 60.0%, were aged 65 and over and had cognitive functional decline, respectively. The most frequent type of violence was verbal abuse(90.5%). Following the violent experiences, emotional responses had the highest score($2.8{\pm}0.8$). The major coping behavior was "told their peers(84.1%)", followed by "disregarded it and worked although it felt bad(75.4%)". These results indicate the need to establish systems for violence prevention and coping, as well as applicable educational programs, tailored to the circumstances of long-term care hospitals and the characteristics of their patients.