• 한국노년학
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.1117-1127
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• 2010

The aims of the study is to identify levels of burden, coping ability and health related quality of life and relationships among family caregivers who care dementia elderly using daycare center. Subjects were all major caregivers from conveniently selected 8 daycare center for dementia in a middle size city in Korea and final analyzed sample was 93. Data were collected through self-reported questionnaire from April to June, 2010. This study's results include the followings. First, the result indicated that mean score of health related quality of life among respondents was 69.34(SD 12.04). Secondly, there were significant differences in caregiver burden by age, education level, occupation and coping ability by education level and monthly income, health related quality of life by age, type of marriage, relation with dementia elderly. Finally, we can found significant negative relationships health related quality of life with caregiver burden and coping ability. Therefore, the findings of this study suggest that the program about development of intervention to reduce caregiver burden and to improve coping ability should consider for advanced health related quality of life of dementia elderly's caregiver.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.233-246
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• 1996

There have been great deal of studies on adult stress but comprehensive studies on adolescent stress are not sufficient. Because adolescents have different developmental tasks from adult's, and because they spend most of their time in a structured environment such as school, the research on adolescent stress is necessary. So, this study empirically investigated the types of stress and coping which students experience and their coping mechanisms in a stressful situation. In this study, perceived social support was considered as stuructural variable, and cognitive appraisal as a process variable, while existing researches tried to explain the coping mechanism only from the viewpoint of structure, or hypothesized the structure variable in the process term. The relation ships between cognitive appraisal and perceived social support on coping behavior were evaluated. Survey on 519 high school students in Seoul showed that cogitive appraisal was a structural variable which varied across the types of stress, and that perceived social support was a structure variable which was independent of the type of stress. Cognitive appraisal was related more to the qualitative process of stress appraisal than coping behavior, and perceived social support was an important structure which influenced both the appraisal process and coping behavior.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.141-170
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• 1991

This study was to analyze the displacement and the magnitude and mode of distribution of the stresses in the lower overdenture, the mucous membrane, the abutment teeth and the mandibular supporting bone when various abutment designs were subjected to different loading schemes. For this study, the two-dimensional finite element method was used. The models of overdenture and mandibe with the canine and the second premolar remaining, were fabricated. In the first design, a 1 mm space was prepared between the denture and the dome abutment with the height of 2 mm(OS). In the second design, a contact between the denture and the occlusal third of the dome abutment with the hight of 2 mm was prepared(OC). In the third design, a 0.5 mm space was prepared between the denture and 8 degree tapered cylindrical abutments with the height of 7 mm(TS). In the fourth design, a contact between the denture and the occlusal two thirds of the conical abutments with the height of 7 mm was prepared(TC). In order to represent the same physiological condition as the fixed areas of the mandible under loading schemes, the eight nodes which lie at the mandibular angle, the coronoid process and the mandibular condyle were assumed to be fixed. Each model was loaded with a magnitude of 10 Kgs on the first molar region (P1) and 7 Kgs on the central incisor region (P2) in a vertical direction. The force of 10 Kgs was then applied distributively from the first premolar to the second molar of each motel in a vertical direction (P3). The results were as follows: 1. The vertical load on the central incisor region(P2) produced the higher displacement and stress concentration than that on the posterior region(P1, P3). 2. The case of space between abutment and denture base produced higher displacement than that of contact, and the case of long abutment produced higher displacement than that of short abutment because of low rigidity of denture base. 3. The magnitude of the torque and vertical force to the abutment teeth and the stress distribution to the denture base was higher in the telescope coping than in the overdenture coping. 4. The vertical load on the central incisor region(P2) produced higher equivalent stress in the mandible than that on the posterior region(P1, P3). 5. The case of space between abutment and denture base produced better stress distribution to the farther abutment from the loading point than that of contact. 6. In case of sound abutment teeth, the type of telescope coping can be used, hilt in case of weak abutment, the type of overdenture coping is considered to be favorable generally.

• The Korean Journal of Coaching Psychology
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.25-51
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to deeply explore the communication process with team members perceived by team leader. To this end, in-depth interviews were conducted with 10 team leaders, and analyzed according to the grounded theory research method procedure suggested by Strauss and Corbin. As a results, a total of 51 concepts, 17 subcategories, and 8 categories were derived. As a causal condition, the concept of 'contemplating and reinterpreting communication necessary for the organization' was derived, and the central phenomenon was 'intentional effort made in parallel with work and private conversations'. The contextual condition was 'recognizing the need to cope with environmental changes', and the mediating condition was 'self-reflection and self-coaching time' was derived. The action/interaction strategy was conceptualized as a communication process with task-oriented coping, conflict resolution coping, and relationship promotion coping, and was confirmed as 'recognizing virtuous cycle communication within the organization' as a result of interaction with the central phenomenon. As a result of analysis of the team leader's communication process, the effort stage, approach stage, coping stage, and cycle stage were shown. As a result of the type analysis, task-oriented coping was a facilitator, conflict resolution coping was a supporter, and relationship promotion coping was a considerate. This study is an empirical study on how the corporate team leader perceives and expresses communication in the relationship with the team members.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.129-141
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• 2009

Purpose: This descriptive survey was aimed to investigate the ICU nurses' job stress, the way of coping, and the turnover intention and to identify the correlation among them. Methods: A 58 items-questionnaire composed of 7 sub-dimensions revised by Park, J. S. (2003) was used to measure the ICU nurses' job stress, and an questionnaire by Han, J. S. and Oh, G. S. (1990) which has 34 items from 6 sub-dimensions were used to measure the ICU nurses' way of coping. To figure out the ICU nurses' turnover intention, a 3 items-questionnaire used. A total of 456 nurses were participated in the study. Results: The participants' job stress was 2.86(4-point scale), and the way of stress coping was 2.27. Job stress had a positive correlation with the way of coping (r=.134, p=.004) and the turnover intention. The 54.1% of nurses addressed that they had some level of turnover intention. The turnover intention had a significant difference according to job stress(t=-2.041, p=.042), the type of hospital (${\chi}^2=8.052$, p=.005) and the total number of hospital beds (${\chi}^2=9.232$, p=.010). Conclusion: The findings of the study illustrated that the ICU nurses had at least moderate-high level of stress. The subjects' job stress showed a positive correlation with the way of coping and the turnover intention. These findings demonstrate necessity to develop an intervention for ICU nurses' stress management.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.409-415
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• 2016

Objectives: The purpose of the study is to investigate the correlation between stress and oral health in some high school students. Methods: The subjects were 224 students from three high schools in Daejeon, Daecheon, and Incheon. from November to December, 2015. A self-reported questionnaire was filled out from November to December, 2015. The questionnaire consisted of general characteristics of the subjects, awareness toward stress, stress-coping pattern, oral health-related quality of life and oral health care. Data were analyzed by SPSS 18.0 program. Results: In the analysis of academic stress level by the general characteristics and stress level, higher stress group showed higher experience in stress expectation(high group 16.43, subgroup 9.21), internal stress(high group 13.97, subgroup 6.16), expression type stress(high 10.06, sub-4.95). The higher stress group had emotional stress management in stress-coping pattern and less experience in difficulty of tooth brushing, chewing discomfort, and oral health-related quality of life management(p<0.001). Conclusions: The stress had a negative impact on the oral health related quality of life. The high school students should be able to manage the physical and mental stress. It is necessary to provide the continuous oral health care management against the stress by the dental hygienists.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.255-269
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• 2008

The study is to investigate how much middle-aged male worker's life stress affect their psychological well-being. The subject group was 223 male workers aged from 40 to 59 with a wife and children. The results are as follows: 1) the middle-aged male workers perceive an economic life stress as a most stressful problem, and mostly use a 'direct-positive' coping behavior(CB) type to settle the stress among 4 stress CB types. 2) Economic life and marital stress, 'indirect-active' and 'direct-active' CB give deep effects on their life satisfaction. 3) The effecting factors on their depression are work stress, marital stress, health stress, a 'direct-passive', an 'indirect-active', an 'indirect-passive' CB and their income. In order to increase their life satisfaction and to decrease their depression, concludingly, it is most significant for them to have a strong marital relationship and actively cope with life stress.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.263-274
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• 2013

Purpose: Clinical nurses are at high risk of incurring hospital violence during their working life. Hospital violence and its outcomes have an impact on the job satisfaction, the recruitment and retention of nurses as well as the quality of care delivered to patients. The purpose of this study was to identify coping styles toward hospital violence in clinical nurses using Q-methodology. Methods: Q-methodology, which analyzes the subjectivity of each type of attitude, and coping styles was used. The 40 selected Q-statements from each of 35 participants were classified into the shape of a normal distribution using a 9-point scale. The collected data were analyzed using the pc-QUANAL program. Results: The results revealed four discrete groups of clinical nurses toward hospital violence: take strong action and promote the recurrence prevention, appear psychosomatic symptoms, investigate the cause and focus on prevention, and request hospital assistance and keep up my duty. Conclusion: The findings indicate that development of nursing intervention program based on the four types could beneficially contribute to the violence prevention in hospital.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.51-65
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate experiences of violence with patients or family members by paramedics working at emergency rooms. Methods: A questionnaire was administered from June 1 to 31, 2017 to 225 paramedics working at 27 emergency medical centers. The collected data were analyzed with SPSS statistics ver 24.0 program. Results: Within the past year, 208(92.9%) of 224 participants experienced violence among whom 202(90.2%) experienced verbal abuse, 193(86.2%) experienced physical threat, 89(39.7%) experienced physical violence, and 52(23.2%) experienced sexual violence. The level of violence response depending on the overlapping experience of violence type showed significant difference from emotional response (p= .001), social response (p= .001), physical response (p= .004), and overall violence response (p= .001). Conclusion: In conclusion, paramedics are frequently exposed to violence in the emergency rooms, of which they mostly experience verbal abuse. In addition, because the reporting system in the event of violence and the coping process are not well-informed, paramedics are unable to sufficiently utilize the reporting system and programs established within the institution. Therefore, the support of the legal system is needed to create a safe working environment for the medical staff who work in the emergency medical centers.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.49-57
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• 2019

Background: The purpose of this study was to examine the cultural competence of nurses caring for foreign patients in general hospitals. Methods: The subjects are 308 nurses who work in general hospitals in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do. The data, collected using a structured questionnaire on cultural competence, coping strategy, multicultural experience, intercultural uncertainty, and intercultural anxiety, were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, analysis of variance, Pearson's correlation analysis, and hierarchical multiple regression. Results: Cultural competence was significantly associated with marital status, level of education, type of ward, and number of cared foreign patients. In hierarchical multiple regression analysis, the level of cultural competence was significantly associated with married, master degree qualified, high level of coping strategy and multicultural experience, and low level of cultural uncertainty. Conclusion: The findings revealed the need for educational programs which can contribute to lower the intercultural uncertainty and to enhance coping strategies dealing with foreign patients. In addition, individual and organization efforts to provide opportunities to expand nurses' multicultural experience will affect nurses' cultural competence development.