• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.426-432
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• 2002

The purpose of the study was to identify the standards of quality management in contract foodservice companies. The subject companies were selected by convenient sampling and surveyed for their standards. The questionnaire consisted of 7 categories: managements of food procurement, menu, production, personnel, equipment, information system, and solid waste. As a result of the study, 60% of the respondents appeared to use standard recipes, 51.5% of them spent 21-30% of the total cost as a labor cost, and 70% were reluctant to answer the food cost. The half of the respondents had job description and specification, 74.76% had training manuals on foodservice and computer software program, and 80.6% had a training program for solid waste management.

• Journal of Arbitration Studies
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.87-111
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• 2020

Smart contracts are implemented by blockchain technology, which stores the terms of the contracts of both parties on the blockchain. In the event of an international dispute over smart contracts and blockchains, no special solution has been proposed, such as the enactment of the International Unification Act. The blockchain platform which operates smart contracts is decentralized and operates through distributed nodes around the world without central servers, making it difficult to establish jurisdiction and governing laws. As an alternative to traditional dispute-solving methods, a new mediation model-smart arbitration-is being attempted. The arbitration process is likely to be a preferred means of resolving disputes over smart contracts in practice. There are many problems, such as the fairness of the arbitration center on the selection and judgment of arbitrators, the question of securing reliability, the question of the validity of the arbitration agreement, and how much the court can be involved in the case. Preparations at the national level, such as fostering blockchains and smart contract experts, and overhauling the legal system, are needed.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.57 no.9
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• pp.1516-1521
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• 2008

Recently, distribution load analysis using AMR (Automatic Meter Reading) data is researched in electric utilities. Load analysis method based on AMR system generates the typical load profile using load data of AMR customers, estimates the load profile of non-AMR customers, and analyzes the peak load and load profile of the distribution circuits and sectors per every 15 minutes/hour/day/week/month. Typical load profile is generated by the algorithm calculating the average amount of power consumption of each groups having similar load patterns. Traditional customer clustering mechanism uses only contract type code as a key. This mechanism has low accuracy because many customers having same contract code have different load patterns. In this research, We propose a customer clustring mechanism using k-means algorithm with contract type code and AMR data.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.68-75
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• 2011

The purpose of this paper is to suggest a supplier and buyer's pricing decision strategy model with discount-policy over a long-term replenishment contract in a supply chain environment by small and medium size manufacturing company. We assume that the buyer has a superior economic power over a supplier and each agent in a supply chain is unaware of each other. The supplier proposes pricing decision strategy to induce the buyer to choose the terms of contract for the benefit of the supplier. Then buyer decides the terms of contract to maximize her profit considering supplier's discount-policy. We also present a numerical example to illustrate the efficiency of pricing decision strategy.

• Journal of Practical Engineering Education
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.199-208
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• 2023

Performance analysis for work-learning dual system has been mainly conducted from the perspective of diagnosing the effectiveness of policies at the macro level. This study aims to analyze issues in organizational management of the work-learning dual system training center by conducting an analysis focusing on the organizational performance of the work-learning dual system training center's employees. As a result of the analysis, it was confirmed that the perception and attitude of employees toward the work-learning dual training center differed depending on the type of work-learning dual system and the type of employment contract. Among the types of work-learning dual system, overall, in the case of IPP, the organizational performance of employees was low, while the apprenticeship was relatively high. As for the type of employment contract, the need for institutional improvement has been derived, especially for the project contract workers.

• KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.147-156
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• 2022

Industrial control systems that manage and maintain various industries were mainly operated in closed environment without external connection, but with the recent development of the Internet and the introduction of ICT technology, the access to the industrial control system of external or attackers has become easier. Such incorrect approaches or attacks can undermine the availability, a major attribute of the industrial control system, and violation of availability can cause great damage. In this paper, when issuing commands in an industrial control system, a verification group is formed using a random list to verify and execute commands, and a trust score technique is introduced that applies feedback to the verification group that conducted verification using the command execution result. This technique can reduce overhead generated by random generation in the process of requesting command verification, give flexibility to the verification process, and ensure system availability. For the performance analysis of the system, we measured the time and gas usage when deploying a smart contract, gas usage when verifying a command. As a result, we confirmed that although the proposed system generates a random list compared to the legacy system, there was little difference in the time when it took to deploy smart contract and that the gas used to deploy smart contract increased by about 1.4 times in the process of generating a random list. However, the proposed system does not perform random operations even though the operation of command verification and confidence score technique is performed together during the command verification process, thus it uses about 9% less gas per verification, which ensures availability in the verification process.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Industry Society
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.251-260
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• 2004

As the importance and the need for network security is increased, many organization uses the various security systems. They enable to construct the consistent integrated security environment by sharing the vulnerable information among firewall, intrusion detection system, and vulnerable scanner. We construct the integrated security simulation environment that can be used by some security system model. In this paper, we have designed and constructed the general simulation environment of network security model composed of multiple IDSs agent and a firewall agent which coordinate by CNP (Contract Net Protocol). The CNP, the methodology for efficient integration of computer systems on heterogeneous environment such as distributed systems, is essentially a collection of agents, which cooperate to resolve a problem. We compare the selection algorithm in the CPN with the Fuzzy Controller for the effective method to select the agents.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.109-116
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• 2010

A construction project consists of many types of contracts. In the process of selecting the successful contractor after bidding, there will inevitably be fierce competition, which may lead to corruption or bribery. Even after signing the contract, during the period of settling the amount of the contract, bribery could occur. Such corruption could harm the development of the construction industry. It is, therefore, necessary to establish a strategy to prevent corruption by strengthening the transparency of the bidding process. In this study, to prevent corruption in the construction industry, a new service is proposed in which the successful bidder is selected by a professional third party, and the introduction of diverse delivery systems for construction projects and the invigoration of alternative methods of settling disputes are also proposed in this study.

• Annual Conference of KIPS
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.231-234
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• 2008

Currently an automated methodology based on data mining techniques is presented for the prediction of customer load patterns in load demand data. The main aim of our work is to forecast customers' contract information from capacity of daily power consumption patterns. According to the result, we try to evaluate the contract information's suitability. The proposed our approach consists of three stages: (i) data preprocessing: noise or outlier is detected and removed (ii) cluster analysis: SOMs clustering is used to create load patterns and the representative load profiles and (iii) classification: we applied the K-NNs classifier in order to predict the customers' contract information base on power consumption patterns. According to the our proposed methodology, power load measured from AMR(automatic meter reading) system, as well as customer indexes, were used as inputs. The output was the classification of representative load profiles (or classes). Lastly, in order to evaluate KNN classification technique, the proposed methodology was applied on a set of high voltage customers of the Korea power system and the results of our experiments was presented.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Design Studies Conference
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• 1998.10a
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• pp.40-41
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• 1998