• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.286-297
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• 2011

A novel converged optical network unit (ONU)-base station (BS) architecture has been contemplated for next-generation optical-wireless networks. It has been demonstrated through high quality studies that data traffic carried by both wired and wireless networks exhibit self-similar and long range dependent characteristics; attributes that classical teletraffic theory based on simplistic Poisson models fail to capture. Therefore, in order to apprehend the proposed converged architecture and to reinforce the provisioning of tightly bound quality of service (QoS) parameters to end-users, we substantiate the analysis of the QoS behavior of the ONU-BS under self-similar and long range dependent traffic conditions using custom queuing which is a common queuing discipline. This paper extends our previous work on priority queuing and brings novelty in terms of presenting performance analysis of the converged ONU-BS under realistic traffic load conditions. Further, the presented analysis can be used as a network planning and optimization tool to select the most robust and appropriate queuing discipline for the ONU-BS relevant to the QoS requirements of different applications.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제53권5호
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• pp.302-306
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• 2020

Objectives: In this paper, we aimed to investigate the evolving debate over border closure in Korea during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, to address the main themes associated with border closure, and to discuss the factors that need to be considered when making such decisions. Methods: We collated and reviewed previously conducted review studies on border closures during infectious disease outbreaks to derive relevant themes and factors. Results: According to our systematic review on border closures and travel restrictions, the effects of such containment efforts are limited. We suggest considering the following factors when determining whether to impose border closure measures: (1) disease characteristics, (2) timeliness of implementation, (3) transmission delay and the basic reproduction number, (4) globalization and pandemics, and (5) social and economic costs. Conclusions: Our assessment indicates that the effects of border closures are at best temporary and limited. Alternative measures must be contemplated and implemented to suppress the spread of COVID-19 in particular and infectious diseases more broadly.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2013년도 제45회 하계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.69-69
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• 2013

In the area of artificial photosynthesis, particularly for the generation of hydrogen form water, much attention has been paid on organic-inorganic hybrid system. Most of all, a dye/TiO2-combined system has been suggested and its potential utility was well manifested. However, due to its complicated nature of charge interactions in between dye and TiO2 -interface there remains a great challenge to establish the charge-activity relationship, per se light driven charge generation and recombination kinetics with respect to the amount of hydrogen produced. Further complexity of that hybrid system has been witnessed when sacrificial donor and aqueous media are considered. To unveil the operating mechanism on such a dye/TiO2-combined system, we have prepared organic dyes suitable to account for the effect of sacrificial donor as well as water interactions, and prepared the typical dye-grafted TiO2 films to investigate charge-activity relationship. Femtosecond flash photolysis clearly defined the dye effects anchored on to the TiO2 platform. In addition, photodynamic data contemplated well to the dye orientation proposed by the DFT calculations. Recent findings provide fundamental understanding on the dye-grafted TiO2 system and establish a firm background how future dye-sensitized organic-inorganic hybrid system can be designed for the light driven hydrogen generation from water.

• 한국의사학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.91-104
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• 2019

In this paper, the clinical records of Queen Inmok has been studied and the impact of historical events on her life has been analyzed. This paper has extracted her medical records during King Seonjo's and King Injo's period from the Annals and the Daily Records of Royal Secretariat of Joseon Dynasty, and then contemplated their medical implications consulting Donguibogam as a primary reference. Queen Inmok had been yang deficiency after national mourning. But suffering a series of misfortunes, she was ill with fire-heat (火熱) syndrome and finally passed away suffering from high fever, frequent diarrhea and profuse sweating. At that time, practitioners abused cold therapy following Jin Yuan Sia Jia (金元四大家), so they missed Queen Inmok's yang deficiency.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.22.1-22.9
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• 2022

The rise of newer coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) variants has brought a challenge to ending the spread of COVID-19. The variants have a different fatality, morbidity, and transmission rates and affect vaccine efficacy differently. Therefore, the impact of each new variant on the spread of COVID-19 is of interest to governments and scientists. Here, we proposed mathematical SEIQRDVP and SEIQRDV3P models to predict the impact of the Omicron variant on the spread of the COVID-19 situation in South Korea. SEIQEDVP considers one vaccine level at a time while SEIQRDV3P considers three vaccination levels (only one dose received, full doses received, and full doses + booster shots received) simultaneously. The omicron variant's effect was contemplated as a weighted sum of the delta and omicron variants' transmission rate and tuned using a hyperparameter k. Our models' performances were compared with common models like SEIR, SEIQR, and SEIQRDVUP using the root mean square error (RMSE). SEIQRDV3P performed better than the SEIQRDVP model. Without consideration of the variant effect, we don't see a rapid rise in COVID-19 cases and high RMSE values. But, with consideration of the omicron variant, we predicted a continuous rapid rise in COVID-19 cases until maybe herd immunity is developed in the population. Also, the RMSE value for the SEIQRDV3P model decreased by 27.4%. Therefore, modeling the impact of any new risen variant is crucial in determining the trajectory of the spread of COVID-19 and determining policies to be implemented.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제23권7호
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• pp.171-185
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• 2023

The cardiovascular syndrome is the dominant reason for death and the number of deaths due to this syndrome has greatly increased recently. Regular cardiac monitoring is crucial in controlling heart parameters, particularly for initial examination and precautions. The quantity of cardiac patients is rising each day and it would increase the load of work for doctors/nurses in handling the patients' situation. Hence, it needed a solution that might benefit doctors/nurses in monitoring the improvement of the health condition of patients in real-time and likewise assure decreasing medical treatment expenses. Regular heart monitoring via wireless body area networks (WBANs) including implantable and wearable medical devices is contemplated as a life-changing technique for medical assistance. This article focuses on the latest development in wearable and implantable devices for cardiovascular monitoring. First, we go through the wearable devices for the electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring. Then, we reviewed the implantable devices for Blood Pressure (BP) monitoring. Subsequently, the evaluation of leading wearable and implantable sensors for heart monitoring mentioned over the previous six years, the current article provides uncertain direction concerning the description of diagnostic effectiveness, thus intending on making discussion in the technical communal to permit aimed at the formation of well-designed techniques. The article is concluded by debating several technical issues in wearable and implantable technology and their possible potential solutions for conquering these challenges.

• 한국게임학회 논문지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.103-111
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• 2012

1970년대의 게임은 소형카세트와 축음기 등의 하드웨어에 음악 등과 같은 아날로그 파형을 저장하여 사용하였다. 이러한 구성 요소들로 인해 내구성이 매우 떨어질 수 밖에 없었다. 비디오 게임에 음악을 사용하는 경우 보다 저렴한 방법은 컴퓨터 칩을 사용하여 아날로그 음형을 컴퓨터 코드로 변환해 스피커로 보낼 수 있는 전기 파형으로 변환하는 것이다. 게임 음향 효과도 이와 같은 방식으로 생성되었다. 기술적 한계가 점점 극복되어, 작곡가들에게는 더 많은 자유가 부여되었으며 광디스크 등에 의해 미리 녹음된 사운드 트랙이 출현하게 되었다. 오늘날의 게임 개발자는 게임음악을 제작하는 기술에 대해 여러 가지 시도를 하고 있다. 게임 음악 제작의 변화가 기술과 비즈니스 영향을 받아 발달하는 과정에 따른 연구를 고찰하였다.

• 무역상무연구
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• 제60권
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• pp.47-77
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• 2013

The way for seller to procure the goods for selling is to produce the goods at his own factory and to buy the manufactured goods from the other company. In order to produce the goods for selling the seller have to obtain the resource from the domestic company or overseas. In the middle of producing the goods to sell, seller may breach the right of a third party based on intellectual property rights. That is to say, seller may use the machine that has not itself been patented and use a process which has been patented by a third party. Seller may manufacture the goods which themselves are subject to the third party industrial property rights. Nowadays it is stressed the importance of intellectual property rights such as a patent, brand, and design. These factors consist of the core elements of the competitiveness of the goods. Many embedded software have been used in the various sector. So the disputes regarding to the intellectual property rights is gradually increasing in number. Article 42 of CISG defines the seller's delivery obligations and liabilities in respect to third party intellectual property rights and claims. It contains a special rule for this similar kind of defective in title, which tries to provide an proper solution to the complex problems caused by such rights and claims in international transactions. When seller will apply this clause to the business fields, there are several points to which seller should give attention. First, Intellectual property is general terms in intangible property rights, encompassing both copyright and industrial property. Which matter fall within the scope of intellectual property? The scope of intellectual property can be inferred from the relevant international conventions, which are based on broad international consensus. Second, Article 42 of CISG governs the relationship between the seller and the buyer, that is to say, questions of who has to bear the risk of third party intellectual property rights. The existence of such intellectual property rights, the remedies available and the question of acquiring goods free of an encumbrances in good faith are outside the scope of the CISG. The governing law regarding to the abovementioned matters is needed.

• 컴퓨터교육학회논문지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.49-62
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• 2017

본 논문의 목적은 수학정보 영재반 수업에서 고고보드를 사용하여 고고범퍼카의 조립 과정 및 고고모니터 명령어로 고고범퍼카를 제어하는 활동을 분석하여 강사와 참여 학생 사이의 상호작용적 활동과 컴퓨팅 사고 패턴을 질적으로 탐구하는 것이다. 연구자는 연구참여자(로봇 강사 및 참여 학생) 2명을 대상으로 2013년 7월 말에 이틀 동안 고고범퍼카 프로젝트 수업을 비디오로 촬영하였다. 그리고 그 이후에 진우를 대상으로 2013년 11월과 2014년 1월 사이에 별도의 후속 면담과 비디오 회상면담을 3회 실시하여 고고범퍼카 프로젝트 수행 과정에 관한 자료를 보완적으로 수집하였다. 비디오 및 면담 자료와 산출물인 고고모니터 코드를 분석한 결과 연구자는 고고범퍼카 프로젝트의 수행 활동에서 나타나는 컴퓨팅 사고의 전개 양상을 포착하였다. 참여 학생은 고고보드 부품 사용과 고고모니터 코딩 활동에서 로봇 강사와의 상호작용을 통하여 종종 숙고하면서 자신이 생각하는 바에 해당되는 명령어의 조합을 배열하면서 수정과 테스트를 순환적으로 하는 컴퓨팅 사고의 전개 패턴을 보여주었다.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제14권10호
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• pp.553-561
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• 2016

오늘날과 같은 융복합 시대에는 인문학적 소양을 갖춘 실천지향적인 학문이 더욱 부각되고 있는 추세이다. 더구나 최근 우리사회는 입시위주의 경쟁사회에 대한 각성으로 다양한 각도에서 인성교육의 방안이 이루어지고 있으나 그에 대한 실천적 관점에서의 인성교육은 미흡한 실정이다. 과거 전통사회에서는 주로 인문학적 소양을 중심으로 하는 실천적 측면을 강조한 인성교육이 주로 이루어졌다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 융복합시대가 지향하는 핵심가치를 중심으로 우리의 전통교육에서 인성교육의 근간을 이루었던 소학의 현대적 가치를 밝히고자 한 것이다. 연구방법으로는 소학을 중심으로 한 문헌연구로 분석하였으며 본 연구의 결과 첫째, 소학의 내용과 교육방법은 실천 지향적인 인성교육에 적합하다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 둘째, 소학에 나타난 전통사회의 소중한 정신적 가치와 문화는 현대적으로 창조적 계승의 가능성을 발견할 수 있었다. 따라서 본 연구의 결과는 융복합시대 유아나 아동들에게 인성교육에 대한 실천적 방안을 마련했다는 점에서 연구의 의의를 갖는다.