• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.53-63
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• 1989

A untrition survey of early childhood was undertaken among 102 rural young children, aged 3 to 6, attending three day care centers of Hongcheon-gun, Kangwon province, in July of 1987, to investigate dietary and nutritional status. The results were obtained as follows: Mean values of height and arm circumference ranged from 96 to 97% of the KSRI's standards. However, mean value of weight met 91% of that standard. Mean value of hematocrit was 37.3±3.5%. According to the criterion established by the WHO, 3% of the subjects were proven to be anemic. Mean value of urinary urea nitrogen/creatinine ratio was 13.8±7.6; the higher the age lower the ratio was shown. Intake of energy and nutrients ranged from 63 to 88% of the RDAs. Carbohydrate provided 68% of total energy intake; protein accounted for 14%; fat provided 18%. Energy intake was divided among breakfast, lunch supper and snacks in a percentage ratio of 21:35:26:18. The survey clarified that the day care feeding largely supplemented the inadequate dietary intakes of these young children at home. Family factors, anthropometric measurements, biochemical results were positively correlated with nutrient intakes. Authors with this study can be contributed, as a reference, to develop the community nutrition programs as well as improving the quality of day care feeding.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.63-79
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• 2013

The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of family-friendly community policy and child care policy on parents with young children. Particularly, two specific questions were addressed: 1) Were there differences in the perception of community family-friendliness among parents with young children in Seoul provinces? 2) Were there differences in the perception of community family-friendliness among parents with young children, depending on child-care infrastructures in Seoul provinces? Data for this study were drawn from multiple sources. Individual-level indicators were drawn from the survey of 1,246 parents with children under age 6 in Seoul. Community-level indicators were drawn from the 2011 Seoul census data. Frequency, descriptive statistics, GIS mapping, and hierarchical linear model analysis were conducted to examine the perception of community family-friendliness by individual, child-care infrastructures, and the community at large. The major results of the present study are as follows: The perception of parents on community family-friendliness varied across the 25 provinces in Seoul. The perception of community family-friendliness was positively related with the total number of child day-care centers, and the number of infant-toddler child daycare centers. The number of accredited child daycare centers was negatively associated with the perception of community family-friendliness.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.109-121
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• 2018

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify the barriers and improvements to promoting physical activity among children using community child care centers. Methods: A qualitative research using focus group interviews was employed. Three focus group interviews were conducted with a total of 18 service providers, and open-ended questions were used. All interviews were recorded as they were spoken and transcribed and data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Results: Two main themes in the barriers to promoting physical activity were 'lack of resources' and 'limitations of program composition'. In addition, five sub-themes emerged as a result of analysis: 1) lack of human resources, 2) lack of finance, 3) lack of space, 4) one-off and short-term physical activity programs, 5) learning-oriented programs. Conclusion: The results indicate that it is necessary to have adequate human resources and a realistic government subsidy that allow community child care centers to provide sufficient services to children. In addition, promoting physical activity can be achieved through physical activity programs focused on peer group advisors, habituation, and development of programs suited to the needs of children and their environment.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.342-351
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• 2010

This study was conducted to investigate the dietary behavior of day-care center teachers and their meal attitudes during meal time in Jeonju area. Self administered questionnaires were collected from 266 day-care center teachers who worked in a national(public) or private day-care center. The Statistical data analysis was conducted using SPSS v. 12.0. All subjects were women, and 64.7% were married(p<0.001), over more than 60% were junior college graduates(p<0.05), and 73.7% had salaries greater than 1,000,000 won(p<0.001). The breakfast skipping ratio of the subjects was very high, and about 66.5% of the respondents had irregular meals. The snack intake ratios of the subjects in private day-care centers were higher than the subjects in national(public) day-care centers(p<0.001). Approximately 56% of the subjects responded that education about eating is very important for providing balanced nutrition to young children. About 84% of subjects had no experience with the continuing-education program for teachers(p<0.01), and they wanted to know more about balanced nutrition. The meal attitude education score during meal time was $4.53{\pm}0.36$. The relationship between meal attitude education and the dietary behavior of day-care teachers was significantly different based on the "frequency of overeating"(p<0.05) and "self-recognition of eating habit"(p<0.05). These findings suggest that a nutrition education program for day-care center teachers should be developed so that they can effectively manage meal attitude education for young children and provide good nutrition for themselves.

• Korean Parent-Child Health Journal
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.61-76
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop child's health assessment tools for children in child care centers. Methods: Based on the literature review and several types of workshops participated with the child health nursing professors, doctoral students, nurses in pediatric units and pediatric psychiatric units from July to December 2006, the standards of child health assessment tools were developed. Graduate students and 4th grade students in nursing were trained for health assessment and used these assessment tools to validate the content and reliability of said tools. Results: Some record forms were newly developed, including demographic characteristics, past history, present health status, behavioral problems, and appropriate developmental screening tests in child care centers were selected. For systematic health care management in child care centers, daily care report, illness log, and referral sheet were also developed. Conclusion: In the face of growing utilization of daycare and their association with increased risk of various diseases, assessment and control measures are indispensable to the promotion of child health. Children's physical and mental health and developmental problems can be assessed using this assessment tools. They can be used for establishing the direction for developing a health care service system for young children.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.35.1-52
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• 1990

An ecological survey of early childhood nutrition and parasitic infection was undertaken among 102 children aged 3 to 6 atteending the three day care centers of Hongcheon county Kangwon province between June and July 1987. In frequency of skipping meal 35.1% of subjects often skipped breakfast ; 3.1% skipped breakfast every day. About 53% of those children complained of having poor appetite at breakfast. The percentage of children having meals with all the family members was 94.8% for breakfast and 97.9% for evening meal. In eatinf behavior 20.6% of the subjects had meals while watching TV; 21.6% moved around during a meal ; 22.1% hadmeal talking loudly ; 35.1% had quiet meal. Approximately 63% of children used chopsticks and others used fork or spork. Concerning of dietary staple boiled rice was dominant. The diversity of food selection by those children was so linmited that simply only one or two items of side-dishes and /or souop were taken at home. Subjects liked yorgurt milk lavers fruits and Ramyun in contrast to the loweest preference for fermented fist aroma-tic vegetables butter and margarine. The positive prevealence of parasitic infection was 35.5% including than that observed in any other rural areas. Incidence of Fibricola seoulenis was caused by local habit of eating hibernate frogs without enough boiling.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.283-310
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to examine the main and interaction effects of day-care experiences and maternal parenting behavior on preschoolers' externalizing and internalizing problem behaviors. A total of 248 preschoolers(112 boys and 136 girls) and their mothers participated in this study. Mothers provided information about their children's day-care experiences(i.e., age of entry, hours per week, days per week, and number of day care centers attended by the preschoolers), their parenting behavior, and their children's problem behavior. Data were analyzed using correlations, multiple and hierarchical regressions, and post-hoc analysis suggested by Aiken and West(1991). First, preschoolers who frequently changed day-care centers showed higher levels of aggression. Second, maternal logical explanation, coercive and neglecting parenting behavior significantly influenced preschoolers' externalizing and internalizing problem behavior. Finally, interactions of day-care experiences and maternal parenting behavior were significant in predicting preschoolers' problem behavior. These findings suggest that day-care experiences need to be considered with other family variables in predicting preschoolers' developmental outcomes.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.43-57
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• 2009

This study analyzes the tendency for studies of children's manners in Korea. This research provides basic information for future research on the study of children's manners. I reviewed previous research during Mar.10~Apr. 30., 2009, and published articles that used terms such as 'ye-jul', 'yua ye-jul', 'jun-tong ye-jul', and 'yua-dare kyo yuk' as key-words provided by the National Assembly Library and Academic Information Center, and the terms were used for contents analysis. In the past, parents usually taught manners to their children at home, but now, most children learn etiquette at kindergarten and day care centers. A greater portion of the studies dealing with children's manners has been published since 2001. The experimental method was used for most of this research. Based on the results, I have made suggestion regarding the direction of future studies of children's manners. Research should investigate the value of children's manners and philosophy in future research. Based on the personal characteristics of each child and their understanding of the ecological environment, studies of children's manners require an interdisciplinary research approach or ecological research approach. These studies should continue to research in cooperation with kindergartens and day care centers. In addition, further research should focus on an effective teaching method or instructional media research of children's manners.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.159-177
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• 2009

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to examine sleeping patterns and diet patterns of the children in day-care centers in Seongdong-district and to find out the relationships between those two patterns and children growth. Methods : 686 day-care center kids participated in the examination. We measured their heights and weights. We also conducted a questionnaire survey (of them) on their sleeping patterns and diet patterns. Based on the findings, we have analyzed correlations of the factors. Results : 1. We have interviewed 686 children in day-care centers in Seongdong-district. Substantial survey was conducted to 672(14 kids didn't go through regular medical checkups). Their age ranged from 4 months to 120 months and weights covered from 6.20 kg to 50.80 kg with the average of 16.97kg. Their height ranges were from 70.4cm to 140.6cm and the average was 100.76cm. 2. The survey results showed that birth-height affects children's current height. The results from the group of age over 25months and the group covering 2 to 6 years indicated that birth-height affected the current height as well. However, the result from the age group over 37 months showed that birth-height didn't relate to the current height. 3. Results from questionnaires on sleeping patterns indicate that children sleeping longer are taller than the other. Results of other questionnaires showed no substantial relations to height. 4. Results from questionnaires on diet patterns, cold food eating habit affects growth. Conclusions : According to the results above, sleeping patterns substantially affects the growth. In order to find out, however, the specific relations between them, further research would be necessary.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.1-14
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• 2005

This study was conducted to develop and evaluate food menus after investigating eating behaviors and food preferences of preschool children. Parents of the preschool children In 2 Gumi City day-care centers completed questionnaires in July 2003, which were used to assess eating behaviors and food preferences of their preschool children. Analysis of the questionnaires led to the development of the menus. Menus (n=10) were developed for five different categories (two menus were developed for each category) including general menu, unbalanced menu, anemia menu, obese menu, and traditional menu. The preschool children(n=656) evaluated the menus as they were provided with each them throughout October 2003. The five score scale method was used to evaluate taste, smell, looks, texture and general preference of each menu. Results in eating behaviors showed that 70.7% of preschool children had unbalanced eating behaviors. No gender based differences in eating behaviors were found, but in regard to food preferences boys tended to prefer carbonated drinks more than girls. Results indicated that among all menus, fruit ranked highest $(3.97{\pm}0.65)$ for food preference, and vegetables ranked lowest for food preference $(2.46{\pm}0.68)$. Food preference in regard to cooking process indicated the highest preference was for fried foods $(3.80{\pm}0.68)$ and the lowest preference was for raw vegetables $(2.61{\pm}1.27)$ and namul $(2.85{\pm}1.13)$. Preference for taste ranked the highest $(4.30{\pm}0.91)$ but preference for looks recorded the lowest $(3.95{\pm}0.89)$. Of all the foods in the menus, steamed tofu rated the highest for individual food item preference, while tuna sesame leaf rice rated the lowest preference. Statistical analysis of interrelationships among food taste, smell, looks, texture and general preference were significant (p<0.0l). Results from this study suggest that various factors including food taste, smell, looks, and texture influence the food preferences of preschool children. Therefore, it is concluded that by developing a variety of appetizing menus for use at home and in day-care centers, containing varied food items and cooking methods, preschool children will be encouraged to increase their food preferences and to establish appropriate eating behaviors.