• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.25 no.2 s.49
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• pp.209-221
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to obtain the lingual morphology(angulation, inclination, horizontal and vertical contour) and lingual arch form of Korean adult with normal occlusion in order to provide the basic datas for lingual brackets and ideal lingual archwire. Dental models of thirty person with normal occlusion(Male : 16, Female :14) were selected for this study. Crown angulation, inclination. horizontal and vertical contour of lingual surfaces from Lt. 1st molar to Rt 1st molar of both upper and lower arch were measured. Lingual arcform was studied from copied papers of dental models attached Fujita lingual bracket. The results of this study were summarized as follows: 1. The average angulation and inclination of lingual surfaces of all tooth types for Korean adults with normal occlusion were obtained. 2. The average horizontal and vertical contour of lingual surfaces of all tooth types were obtained. 3. There were similar figures in horizontal and vertical contour of lingual surfaces between upper and lower molars, upper and lower premolars, upper and lower canines, upper central and lateral incisors and lower central and lateeral incisors respectively. It was possible that the use of those contour of bracket bases in common. 4. The average of lingual archform was provided, which was arch-shaped from canine to canine, linear along the premolars and molars with small offset bend between them, and where canines and premolars met, it was bent in a crank- shape. 3. There was no difference between lingual archform of male and that of female, although lingual archform of female was smaller than that of male in lower arch.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.70-78
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• 2020

Purpose: When a disaster occurs, information is collected and sent indiscriminately to the disaster safety situation room, making it difficult to make quick and correct decisions. Therefore, in this study, both the field response team and the situation room attempted to derive the essential information elements for disaster management so that they can identify and respond optimally. Method: In this study, the actual disaster response process was first identified based on the case of large-scale fire disasters in multi-dense facilities. Afterwards, essential information on disaster management was obtained by analyzing the standard manual for large-scale fire crisis management in multi-dense facilities and the fire situation report form prepared at the time of disaster. Result: The Essential information on disaster management was divided into four stages: situation reception·reporting·transmission, total response·regional emergency rescue control group·regional disaster safety task force, operation stage of central emergency rescue control group·central disaster safety task force, and recovery stage. Since then, the information to be collected at each stage and the information relevant to core tasks are presented. Conclusion: The Essential information on disaster management thus obtained can serve as a guide for the person who collects information on site to collect information efficiently. In addition, it is expected that the situation room in charge of disaster response decision-making will receive only the information necessary for decision making, so that it is possible to make a quick situation decision and more efficient disaster situation management.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.3-11
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• 1997

In becoming parents, the marital partners enter into a new developmental phase. The conception of the child is an act of mutual creativity during which the boundaries between the self and another were temporarily obliterated more completely than at any time since infancy. The infant is a physical fusion of the parents, and their personalities unite within the child. for many women, creativity as a mother becomes a central matter that provides meaning and balance to their lives. The husband usually has strong desires for an offspring and can be transformed by it. The child can profoundly affect one or both parents, and the influences are reciprocal-a child's needs or specific difficulties uncover a parent's inadequacy. following the child's development, each transition into a new developmental phase requires an adaptation by the parents, and one or another of these required adaptations may disturb a parent's equilibirium. And the personality changes, emotional difficulties, and regressions of a spouse that occur in response to some phase of parenthood can upset the marriage. Not only do children identify with parents, but parents also identify with their children. The parents take pleasure in child's joy and suffer with the child's pain more than in almost any other relationship. certain respects e parents lives again in the child. Through the process of identification the child can also provide one of the two parents with the opportunity to experience intimately the way in which a person of the opposite gender grows up. Parenthood also provides the opportunity to be loved, admired, and needed simply because one is a parent and, as such, a central and necessary object in the young child's life. The many potentialities for emotional satisfactions from parenthood manage to outweigh the tribulations and sacrifices that are required. The child also exerts an indirect effect through changing the parent's position in the society, for new sets of relationships are established as the parents are drawn to other couples with children of the same age, and for a new impetus toward economic and social mobility often possesses the parents. frequently the couple's relatedness to their own parents improves and grows firmer once again. Parenthood, the satisfactions it provides and the demands it makes, varies as life progresses : and changes with the parent's interests, needs, and age as well as with the children's maturation. There are phases in the child's life that the parents are reluctant to have pass, whereas they tolerate others largely through knowing that they will soon be over. The changing lives of the children provide many satisfactions that offset the tribulations, uncertainties, and regrets. The parents change. The young father, who was just starting on his carrier whom the first child was born, settles into a life pattern. He becomes secure with increasing achievement and interacts differently with the youngest child and provides a different model for him than for the oldest. The mother may have less time for a second or third child than for her first, but she may also be more assured in her handling of them. The birth of a baby when the parents art in their late thirties will find them Less capable of physical exertion with the child and less tolerant of annoyances, but they are less apt to be annoyed. Eventually the children min and leave home, but the couple do not cease to be parents.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.95-115
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• 1996

The esthetic factor for the esthetic prosthesis were studied on 300 persons. The praaticipants were 150 students registered under the Deparment of Dental Laboratoy Technology, Jisan Junior College at the present day of June, 1995 and their mothers. The results were as follows; 1. The number of persons with 28 teeth in their oralcatity was highest(P<0.01). They complained that they have only 28 teeth bacaues of the loss(deficiency) fo teeth due to their impacted teeth and dental caries. 2. The presons with feelings of dissatisfaction were large in number(P<0.01). They were dissatisfied with an abnormal tooth form(33.5%), tooth position(31.7%), tooth color(31.1%), and tooth size(3.7%) in order(P<0.01). 3. In their facial form, the most numerous were men with square form and women with ovoid form(P<0.01). Among the whloe number fo facial forms it appeared to decresae in the order of ovoied(41.8%), square(32.7%), square+tapered(20.5%), and tapered form(5%)(P<0.01). In a profile form, the most numerous were men with A form and women with B. Among the whole participants the most numerous were persons with B form and persons with A and C form were next in oder of numbers(P<0.01). 4. In discoloration of teeth, the most numerous were persons who have no discoloration. 5. In the esthetic recovery of anterior prosthesis the color matching of proximal teeth was not correct, but the outline of proximal teeth was to be reproduced correctly. 6. In the diastema of teeth, the number of persons who have no diastema was higher than that of persons who have a disatema(P<0.01) Among the persons who have diastema the most numerous were persons who have a diastema, and next were 2, 4, 3 and 5 diastemas in order. 7. In a meeting point of the midline of the body and the tooth the number of person hanving a meeting point was higher than that of persons who did not fit each other(P<0.01). The bias direction of midline teeth appeared to be affected by chewing direction, prosthesis location, and posterior location. 8. The length and width of teeth in the tooth size were suitable(P<0.01). The number of persons who have central teeth longer than lateral teeth was high(P<0.0). 9. In the results of smile analysis, the line form connected with incisal edge of upper canine were parallel(P<0.01). When smile the location fo upper lips should be in accord with the central area of teeth(P<0.01) and lower lip should be atteched to the edge of anterior teeth in order to be esthetic. 10. Among the number of upper teeth we can see the most numerous were 8 teeth and next were 10, 6 and 12 in order.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.564-579
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• 2013

The purpose of Maritime Safety Tribunal is that experts about ship operation investigate and reveal causes of marine disasters and suggest plans to prevent recurrence in Korean Maritime Safety Tribunal which is a kind of administrative court. Despite the fact that 72% of marine disasters is fishing vessel accidents and 75% of collision accidents between vessels which most occur is related to fishing boats, it is the very serious problem that there is no any person with licenses of marine technicians for fishing vessels in judges and investigators of Korean Maritime Safety Tribunal. The operational characteristics of fishing vessels, their sizes, and shift patterns of duties in wheelhouses are completely and incommensurably different from those of merchant vessels. By the way, if the investigators and judges who just consist of merchant vessel experts investigate and judge marine accidents about fishing vessels, there could be errors in establishment of policies to investigate and reveal their causes and prevent recurrence of accidents. Especially, in case of collision accidents between fishing vessels and merchant vessels, it is thought that the marine accident interested provides causes which can be doubtful about fairness of judges. Therefore, it is thought that the ratio of judges and investigators is most desirable to compose it to be similar to the occurrence frequency of marine accidents. For this, the following solution plans are suggested. First, qualification for appointment requires first class marine technicians. But there is the only one vessel which needs the first class in fishing vessels. Therefore, it is thought that the provisory clause should be added so that the second class marine technicians can be used instead of the first class ones. Second, the marine accidents of fishing vessels reach 72% but the fact that there is no any judge and investigator with licenses of marine technicians for fishing vessels is thought to go against the purpose of establishment of Korean Maritime Safety Tribunal. Therefore, it is thought that there is, at least, one more judges and investigators in the central and local Korean Maritime Safety Tribunals. The same method should be applied to judge assistants and investigation assistants.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Earth Science Education
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.259-266
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• 2015

This study aims to analyze a selective examination for the gifted and talented from a domain-general and special standpoint. For this, we analyzed gifted and talented test results carried out by Gifted and Talented Education institute affiliated with the university of Education located in the central region of South Korea. This test consisted of three sections which are giftedness in the first round, academic aptitude in the second round and interview in the last round. I conducted the analysis of variance of the giftedness test result to the gifted and talented group in each subject from the domain-general point of view. As a result, the each group was not significant. This means that the gifted and talented in each subject has giftedness from the domain-general viewpoint. Secondly, I implemented the analysis of correlation among three test such as giftedness, academic aptitude and interview conducted during the selective process for the gifted and talented. The result was that they had a low or no correlations between them and were not significant. This demonstrated that each test checked a different area. That is, we came to realize that the first, second and third test evaluates a different area and in particular, with the result that the first and second test had a low or no correlations between both of them we realized that they evaluated a different area from a domain-special standpoint. The purpose of this study is meaningful to investigate in terms of how the selective test for the gifted and talented is conducted from a domain-general and special standpoint as a recent study viewpoint about the gifted and talented along with creativity. It is too limited to generalize this result because this test was sampled by one region but, this study indicates that we should take a domain-general and special standpoint into account when it comes to selection for the gifted and talented.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.51-60
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• 2014

This double-blind study, as a human experiment of nonlocality, investigated the effects of senders' intention on the central nervous system of a distant human receiver and it explored the roles that motivation might have in modulating these effects. Whole brain activity was measured in the receiver whom was asked to relax in a distant room for 16 minutes; the sending person directed intention of oneness toward the receiver during repeated variable-second epochs separated by variable-second non-intention epochs. The total length of intention epochs and that of nonintention epochs were balanced. Eighteen sessions were conducted. In 9 of those sessions, the sender was the receiver's lover. In another 9 of those sessions, the sender was just acquainted with the receiver before the session. The receiver's whole brain activity recorded during the intention epochs were compared with the same measures recorded during the nonintention epochs used as controls. The statistical difference between the intentions versus controls across 18 sessions was examined by paired-t test. In addition, subgroup analysis for the 9 couple sessions and 9 non-couple sessions were additionally examined by the same test. The effect of distant intentionality decreased slow waves or increased EEG fast waves mainly in frontal regions, and increased EEG coherence during the intention epochs. The effects was not statistically significant after Bonferroni correction, but the couple sessions combined showed the largest effect followed by all sessions combined. Non-couple sessions combined showed the smallest effect. The changes in EEG power mean that receiver participants became more alert during the intention epochs and the change in EEG coherence might be evidence of coherent heart influence on EEG activity. Planned comparison with specific hypothesis testing for the suggested changes in this study have to be followed for an evidence of electroencephalographic changes in isolated subjects for the distant mental intention.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.16 no.9
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• pp.827-832
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• 2010

Many researchers have tried to detect the falling and to reduce the injury associated with falling. Normally the method of detection of a loss of balance is more efficient than that of a compensatory motion in order to predict the falling. The detection algorithm of the loss of balance was composed of three main parts: parts of processing of measured data, construction of an internal model and detection of the loss of balance. The internal model represented a simple dynamic motion balancing with two rear legs of a four-legged chair and was a simplified model of a central nervous system of a person. The internal model was defined by the experimental data obtained within a fixed time interval, and was applied to the detecting algorithm to the end of the experiment without being changed. The balancing motion controlled by the human brain was improved in process of time because of the experience accruing to the brain from controlling sensory organs. In this study a reconstruction method of the internal model was used in order to improve the success rate and the detecting time of the algorithm and was changed with time the same as the brain did. When using the reconstruction method, the success rate and the detecting time were 95 % and 0.729 sec, respectively and those results were improved by about 7.6 % and 0.25 sec in comparison to the results of the paper of Ahmed and Ashton-Miller. The results showed that the proposed reconstruction method of the internal model was efficient to improve the detecting performance of the algorithm.

• Journal of Internet of Things and Convergence
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.25-31
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• 2017

In the future a future type new city and the latest apartment will be built, and the IoT technology will be constructed and combined in large numbers indoors of ordinary households. An air cleaner that makes people in it comfortable is built in, and the suction port that sucks in the air of the air purifier and the discharge port that discharges it are set up around the room and come out. However, this is impossible to adjust because there is only a central switch on / off. Also, consuming a lot of electricity so that many electricity charges are caused by huge electricity consumption will eventually be a waste of resources. This would like to be adjusted and driven through the fine dust detection device to the room built-in air purifier and that has provided a solution to save electricity. In addition, since it exists in and around the room, you can grasp the position of the person and connect to the home network to enhance the convenience. Also, through analysis of the air, we provide a health-check solution that checks the user's health and adjusts it appropriately.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.812-817
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• 2018

Blockchain technology removes the central system and connects each block throughout every person. This paper proposes new method to exploit the blockchain feature to apply existing donation system. In the current system, the donator does not donate to poor neighbor which means donator must have to donate some donate organization. The donator does not recognize how the donation has been spent after donation. In this case, we can solve that problem by using the blockchain where the donator can watch how the money works and everyone can browse the account history. To make a virtual fundraising box based on blockchain technology, donator sends some money at virtual account and exchanges the money to crypto-currency. Donator can use crypto-currency which is donate to poor neighbor that poor neighbor can exchanges crypto-currency to the money. Through this proposed system, the donation is managed by secure and transparent blockchain system.