• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.336-340
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• 2007

In this study, "housewives" are defined as married women who take care of housework mostly and do not work outside of home. Changing family types and higher education level of housewives enable them to be more interested in heath, beauty, and appearance. Increased interest and more frequent visits to hair salons cause scalp damage as well as hair damage, which results in hair loss. Moreover, some women suffers from scalp and hair damage due to childbirth, but many of them are not aware of it. Therefore, this study tries to find out the following; housewives' perceptions on hair and scalp management, and how such perceptions are formed. In addition, this study will present the direction for beauty marketing taking into account the characteristics of housewives and provide data necessary for them to keep their hair and scalp healthy. For these purposes, a survey was carried out after modifying the questionnaire through a presurvey. The survey tried to find 1) perceptions on hair and scalp management according to demographic characteristics, and attitude toward hair and scalp management according to demographic characteristics. Data were analyzed using frequency analysis, cross tabulation, t-test, factor analysis, and Analysis of Variance. The results were as follows, most recognize the importance of hair and scalp management but do not receive management because of the high cost, most of them receive information about hair and scalp management from people around them, and the higher the education level and health status, the more active the attitude toward hair and scalp management. These differences were all statistically significant.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.33 no.9
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• pp.1374-1385
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• 2009

This study focuses on three points. First, how designers develop clothing and cosmetic culture (which reflect time and culture) into other fashion products in order to verify that attire and makeup can be the objects of aesthetics in addition to functionality. Second, why the fashion design of Christian Dior has been continuously popular for women of all ages and countries in the development of fashion, attire, and makeup. Third, this study analyzes how the aesthetical characteristics of the fashion of Christian Dior are reflected in clothing and cosmetic culture in order to clarify the brand outlook on attire and makeup as a source of France's luxury fashion industry. The philosophical characteristics of Dior's fashion were studied based on existing literature. First, her childhood background (that became the motif of Dior's design) and the philosophical ideology of fashion design, perfume, and beauty were the focus of this study. Second, this study examined how consciousness on beauty expressed in hairstyle, perfume, and cosmetics is expressed in connection with clothing. Third, the background with which Dior's fashion and perfume business became successful is examined in addition the necessity of the image strategy for success in the cosmetics market was studied. Domestic and international books on clothing and cosmetics, preceding studies, the internet, and related magazines are utilized to consider the cosmetics and beauty fashion of Dior. The results of this study show how Korean fashion and cosmetic culture can further globalize. This study encompasses the period of 1905 when Christian Dior was born until 1957 when he died of a heart attack; it also deals with well-known designers of the Christian Dior House from Yves Saint Laurent of 1957 to John Galliano of the present.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.87-98
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• 2008

The purposes of this study are to measure physiological reactions of human body according to the scalp treatment, a popularized service in beauty care industry and propose efficient ways of scalp treatment. To meet the goals, total 30 applicants without any medical history(5 males and 5 females in 20's, 30's and 40's respectively) were informed on the purpose of experiment hereof and were investigated and received a 30-minute scalp treatment, which combines standardized scalp treatment massage technique proposed by KAT and ITF with another massage technique operated in the beauty salon run by the author of this paper. 5ml of blood samples were taken from each subject before and after the scalp treatment respectively and the blood sample was divided into 3 different tubes for analysis: 1) 2 ml for blood cell analysis, 2) 2ml for enzyme activity measurement, 3) 1ml for hormone level reading. In order to determine effects of scalp treatment on ALP, GOT, GPT, ${\gamma}-GTP$, WBC, RBC, Hb, Hct, Platelet, MCV, MCH and MCHC, all collected data were used for measuring respective levels of these blood substances by means of enzyme reaction measurement, enzyme activity measurement and automated hematology analyzer. Then, all measured data were analyzed through paired t-test using SPSS WIN 11.5. As a result, the scalp treatment is associated with improving hepatic function, facilitating blood circulation and helping blood coagulation and hemostasis in a effective way. Therefore, it would be necessary to conduct further studies on this subject related to anemia in the future.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.679-693
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• 2021

The aim of this study was first to expand participation types in the field of beauty design by examining activities in the field, and second, to seek practical methods for addressing the important issue of social responsibility amid the current pandemic situation. Accordingly, social responsibility in design was examined through a review of previous studies. The features of practice domains and design performance fields were examined comparatively. As a result, it was found that social practices take place in various sectors, with sensibility toward the environment being escalated to a new level in the cosmetics industry. In terms of cosmetics enterprise practices, collecting, recycling, manufacturing, and retail networking has been established to reuse up to 95% of waste resources. Furthermore, ethical responsibility and participation concerning product and service waste resources are recommended, resulting in the supply of eco-friendly products in a virtuous cycle. In terms of systematic policy, even component transformation (such as organic certification and excluding toxic substances) is being carried out. However, it was difficult to identify such responsible activities in Korea; thus, systematic practice is needed. Designers take part in talent donation activities, and it was the sector they prefer the most. However, it is necessary to conduct studies on limitations such as venues equipped with cosmetics procedure equipment and public cosmetics sanitation and make systematic improvement, such that activities can be led with initiative from passive participation.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.8
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• pp.345-350
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• 2021

In the explosive development of the beauty industry, skin care workers are negatively affected by their health and work attitudes due to excessive work intensity or excessive working hours, so there is an urgent need to study the working environment and job psychology. To this end, hypotheses were established and the main effects on skin care workers' job efficacy and job satisfaction in connection with manual technique were analyzed. As a result of the study, in the effect of the skin care manual technique on the skin care professional's sense of job efficacy, the scrutiny method had a significant effect, and in the effect on job satisfaction, the flexible method, the gait method, and the vibration method had a significant effect. In the skin care room, research and development of in-depth manual technique according to the purpose and scope of application of the customer is necessary for the skin care professional's job efficacy and job satisfaction as well as customer satisfaction. It is expected that it will be used as a basic data.

• International Journal of Costume and Fashion
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• v.4
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• pp.113-130
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• 2004

Korea may have the social environment that has a high interest and demand for the fashion industry, but the relative importance that the Hanbok industry occupies in the fashion industry is very low. It can be found that this is attributed to the difficulty in identifying the trends of Hanbok due to the smallness of Hanbok material producers and Hanbok producers, a change in consumers' consciousness of Hanbok, the difficulty of ties and integration between Hanbok-related organizations, the lack of support from government and the like. Given the recent trend that the principal factor that enables the Korean fashion industry to be competitive in the world fashion business community is based on the beauty of Hanbok, this indifference to the Korean Hanbok industry would be the roadblock to internationalizing the Korean fashion industry. Accordingly, this study attempted to identify the problem of Hanbok-rela1ed department as the basic work for the development of the Hanbok industry and present the plan to activate it, thereby providing basic materials for exploiting the new arena of the Hanbok cultural industry the domestic and foreign fashion market in the 21st century.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.7-15
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• 2005

Culture industry is appearing as an important sector of economy. Many kinds of culture industry like movie, music, drama, animation and game are creating enormous wealth all over the world. Fashion is a kind of culture industry too and even sometimes treated as art. Korean fashion is not treated as real culture but still as a part of textile industry. Internationally Korean fashion has not yet much to show, and despite of it's potential it does not attract much interest from other countries. In this paper properties and effects of mulberry handmade paper clothes were investigated with five clothes made of it. In making handmade mulberry paper clothes various techniques could be applied and these techniques could bring new effects. Because mulberry handmade paper does not have little flexibility than ordinary texture, much efforts should be put to the detail works. Handmade mulberry paper clothes have enormous potential as art, because various approach could be applied.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.44
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• pp.181-199
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• 1999

The industry of modern clothing has deviated from the overflow of commercialism and the standardization and nowadays is going toward pursuing art, creativity, and high added value. This trend brings the return of the natural materials from the synthetic textiles and increases the value of old and handmade fabrics. Finally, the handmade-paper, which is a natural material, comes to be reconsidered as a new material for the clothing. Therefore, as the natural materials and the manufacture of handmade clothing are rising again, the qualitative improvement and globalization of clothing industry should be first realized through the developments of creative and various clothing materials and new expressing techniques. The above investigation and study have been synthesized and analyzed as follows: First, through the study on the origin of the paper clothing, its historical background and the process of its development, we've learned these two facts following : the paper clothing of the East in the past mostly had practiced meanings. On the other hand, in the West it had meanings which were raised the artist's emotions and beauty-consciousness to the artistic level by the various kinds of expressing methods. Second, handmade-paper was manufactured by the embedding method, which mixed mulberry pulp, gauze, corn, hair, sisal, silk and so on. It was found that handmade-paper had the affluent and proper texture as the clothing material and was be able to control the clarity through the variation of thickness. It was also confirmed that the creative and original texture with hand-worked molding beauty was obtained by the use of handmade-paper. Third, when the handmade-paper is used, the molding beauty of plane, relievo, and solid can be freely pursued, and various and effective molding conformation can be constructed by the effect of superposition and repetition. Also, because the maximum discretion from the various optional manufacturing methods is allowed, the molding beauty can be maximized when the clothes are manufactured with handmade-paper. Fourth, the gauze with strong drape was combined to overcome the stiffness and the tearing of the paper. As a result, the durability and the wearability of the paper were strengthened and thus the thus the applications as the clothing material were enlarged. In conclusion, in order to enhance the value, creativity, practicality, and artistic sense of the design for modern clothing, the clothes made of handmade-paper should be more studied. Moreover, for the generalization of paper clothes, the studies on the development of practical paper with paper with water resistance, post-treatment after dyeing, flexibility, and durability should be done. I really hope that this study will be the motive to provoke the possibility of handmade-paper as new clothing material in not only practical sense but also artistic sense.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.538-544
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• 2007

We usually try to accomodate ourselves to our nature surroundings interacting with nature. There fore I've decided to apply nature materials, esp. the pine to Hair Art as a way of expressing our feelings from Nature. 'Hair Art' is a follow-up study based on the various artistic point of view. There has been various works of 'Hair Art' with nature materials. However, it is rare to see a work of 'Hair Art' with the pine. That's why I've decided to study more about this. This study is a new experiment in 'Hair Art' against a conventional idea "Hair Art values practicability." Therefore, the primary goal of this study is to do much for the cause of learning in 'Hair Art' and encourages some development of 'Hair Art' industry. I've researched an image of a pine tree in art of Joseon Dynasty and contemporary art. Then I've tried to apply the image to a work of 'Hair Art'. First of all, in a view of expression technique for the symbolism of the pine, the artists in Joseon Dynasty drew pictures of a pine tree with a paintbrush but the modern artists make a new attempt from the thought of Modernism. We can find it in some photos. Next, to express traditional oriental idea such as 'unconventional and elegance', comtemporary artists chose the symbolism of the pine tree as an object of their works like pen and ink sketches from the thought of Modernism. Third, in a fusion style picture which contains features of both oriental paintings and western paintings and in a sexualism style picture that depicts a harmony of a male and a female as a shape of a pine, we can find colorful images of a pine tree and Their figurative beauty in art. Those are another symbols of the pine. In conclusion, the implication of the pine tree still hasn't changed even there are differences of drawings of pine tree in the past and the present. I've tried to combine these symbolic ideas of the pine with 'Hair Art' and made 5 hair styles. Throughout the process of researching this topic which is 'The Study of Hair Art Using The Symbolism of The Pine', I've realized that pine trees make it possible to express intrinsic tough spirit of human being and abundance in color and figurative beauty in art. I hope this can contribute to the field of 'Hair Art' and would become an important educational resource for further study.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.8
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• pp.500-512
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• 2019

Recently, almost all industries are focusing on improving the competency of related industry workers, and it is necessary to design a systematic educational activity plan that constructs, operates and evaluates learning experiences for knowledge, technology and literacy development required in the industrial field. This study performed a questionnaire survey on students' satisfaction with 2015 and 2014 curriculum and national competency standards (NCS)-based one which has been applied since March 2016 against those from Department of Beauty & Cosmetology, 'C' University. For data analysis, frequency analysis, qualitative analysis and SWOT analysis were conducted, and the results found the followings: The NCS-based curriculum which has been applied since 2016 is more advanced than 2015 and 2014 curriculum in terms of strength, weakness, risk and opportunity. In addition, their satisfaction with curriculum was more than average with 47.9-57.2%. Meanwhile, when asked their favorite time to decide their academic major, 79.5% answered, '2nd semester of the 1st year'. They were very dissatisfied with the fact that their academic major is decided in the second year. It is anticipated that the NCS-based 2-year curriculum for Dept. of Beauty & Cosmetology is redesigned through analysis of students' satisfaction and by reflecting their opinions. It is also expected that the reorganization of the curriculum in a more practical and systematic manner would increase students' satisfaction and generate workforce for cosmetology industry.