• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.89-97
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• 2013

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between stress and maxillofacial injuries in male students. Methods : The subjects were 386 male students who were 18 years or more. Mean age was $20.99{\pm}2.80$ years. Data were collected using a self-reported questionnaire from March 7 to March 28, 2013. We surveyed maxillofacial injuries, mouth guards use and stress in male students majoring physical education. The data were analyzed by Cochran's Mantel-Haenszel, McNemar test and logistic multiple regression. Results : Those who had clenching habit and maxillofacial pain accounted for 48.7%. The pain was 3.23 folds higher in clenching habit than those who had not (OR=3.23, p <.001). The more stress they had, the more clenching habit (OR=2.13) and pain(OR=1.68) did they have. Within 2 years, those having maxillofacial injury accounted for 53.2% and 78.6% of them put on maxillofacial protection guard. In rule for mouth guard use, 39.9% had no maxillofacial injury. Maxillofacial injury was 2.41 folds higher in those who had no mouth guard usee (OR=2.41). Conclusion : Maxillofacial injury had a close correlation with mouth guard use and stress. Therefore, it is very important to establish the rule for mouth guard use in sports activities.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권9호
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• pp.4045-4049
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• 2015

Objective: To investigate the effect of coenzyme complex on decreasing cardiotoxicity in elderly patients with gastrointestinal cancer who were treated by chemotherapy. Methods: From September 2011 to February 2015, we recruited 54 elderly (with more than 70 years of age) patients with gastrointestinal cancer, with advanced disease. Then treated with chemotherapy combined with or without coenzyme complex. After two cycles of treatment, the effect of coenzyme complex on decreasing cardiotoxicity were evaluated. Results: Chemotherapy was combined with coenzyme complex in 32 patients (22man, 10 woman; median age: 74 years, range: 70-87 years) without coenzyme complex in 22 patients (15man, 7 woman; median age: 73 years, range: 70-80 years) with gastrointestinal cancer. Cardiac event was significantly lower in patients treated with chemotherapy combined with coenzyme complex (p<0.01). Conclusions: Coenzyme Complex decreased cardiotoxicity when combined with chemotherapy in treating elderly patients with gastrointestinal cancer.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제14권9호
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• pp.379-387
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• 2016

본 연구는 우리나라 출생아 전수(n=617,867)를 대상으로 산모 연령과 영아 사망과의 관련성을 파악하고자 시행하였다. 연구자료는 인구동태통계자료와 영아사망조사자료를 연계하여 사용하였고, 산모 연령에 따른 영아 사망 위험을 파악해 보기 위해 출생아의 성별과 다태 여부, 출생순위, 저체중아 여부, 선천성기형 여부를 보정한 다중 로지스틱 회귀분석을 시행하였다. 여러 혼란요인을 보정한 분석 결과, 25-29세 산모에 비해 20세 미만 산모(Odds ratio [OR], 5.29, 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.51-7.98)와 20-24세 산모(OR, 1.44, 95% CI, 1.23-1.69), 35-39세 산모(OR, 1.28, 95% CI, 1.11-1.46), 40세 이상 산모(OR, 1.94, 95% CI, 1.53-2.45)에서 영아 사망 오즈가 통계적으로 유의하게 높았다. 결론적으로, 이번 연구를 통해 35세 이상 고 연령 산모와 25세 미만의 저 연령 산모에서 영아 사망 위험이 높은 것을 확인할 수 있었고, 이들에서 영아 사망 위험이 높은 이유는 저체중아나 미숙아의 출산이 많기 때문으로 보인다. 산전관리 시 고령 산모의 경우 생물학적인 문제를 극복할 수 있는 관리정책이 만들어져야 할 것으로 보이고, 저 연령 산모의 경우 사회경제적인 부분과 사회적 편견 문제를 해결할 수 있는 관리정책이 만들어져야 할 것으로 보인다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제46권6호
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• pp.573-588
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• 2013

The objective of this study is to investigate various jobs and foodservice environments, as well as work performances of school foodservice dietitians and nutrition teachers in accordance to the years of service in Daejeon and Chungnam provinces. A survey was conducted among school foodservice dietitians and nutrition teachers; a total of 415 from selected elementary, middle and high schools in the areas. In this study, we surveyed the participants and analyzed the current state of general characteristics, status of their job environments and foodservice environments by frequency, and the averages and differences in work performance with regard to 12 work parts and 57 works using one-way ANOVA and Duncan's multiple range test according to the years of service. Six parts among 12 work parts were significantly different in work performance according to the years of service. The 6 work parts were menu (nutrition) management, utensil recovery and management, sanitation management, foodservice administration & evaluation, dietary habit guide, and other works. The 11-15 years group ranked as the top on the total score and means of work performance. While the 16-years or more group, 6-10 years group, and under 5 years group followed consecutively. Correlation analysis between job or foodservice environments and work performances showed that work performances of school dietitians were mostly influenced by employment status, education level, and annual salary among the variables of job or foodservice environments. Other works, dietary habit guides and menu management were mostly influenced by variables of job and foodservice environments.

• 대한음성학회지:말소리
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• 제21_24호
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• pp.3-24
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• 1992

This study was designed to investigate the changes of phonological processes in normal Korean children aged from 2- to 6-years. Forty eight children who lived in Seoul or Kyung-Ki do were tested with a picture articulation test and their articulation errors including omissions, additions and substitutions were coded into phonological processes. Those phonological processes were discussed in several ways: syllable structure, place, manner, assimilation, tenseness, and aspiration of sounds. Data were analyzed by two ways: (1) number of subjects who showed each process and (2) percentage of occurrence of each process. Analyses in omission-addition processes demonstrated that postvocalic omission occurred most frequently, followed by velar-, alveolar-, and glottal omission. Analyses in substitution processes showed that fronting (palatal and velar), backing (alveolar), and alveolization occurred most frequently in terms of the place of sounds. In terms of assimilation, alveolar-, stopping, and aspiration assimilation occurred frequently. Analyses by the tenseness and aspiration showed similar occurrences among the 4 processes, with slightly higher occurrences in tensing and aspiration than lanxing and deaspiration. All of the processes decreased by age. The numbers of the processes showed by more than half of the children or exceeded 10％ of occurrence were 20 in 2-years of age, 10 in 3-years of age, 1 in 4-years of age, and none in ages of 5 and 6.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.88-95
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• 2019

Purpose: The prevalence of binge drinking has increased among Korean adolescents in recent years. The purpose of this study was to determine the influencing factors of adolescent binge drinking. Methods: This was a secondary analysis of data from the 14th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey. For the present analysis, 5,203 binge drinkers (girls who drank 3 or more glasses of soju and boys who drank 5 or more in average on one occasion in the last 30 days) and 4,464 non-binge drinkers were selected. Results: Compared with the adolescents who had no experience buying alcoholic beverages, the adolescents who responded that it was easy or uneasy to buy alcoholic drinks were more likely to be a binge drinker. Also, compared with never smokers, ex-smokers and current smokers were more likely to be a binge drinker. Binge drinking was positively associated with skipping breakfast, subjective health, and feelings of sadness or hopeless. Conclusion: The findings of this study may be useful in developing binge drinking prevention programs for adolescents.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권20호
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• pp.8937-8939
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• 2014

The aim of this study is to determine results of high prostate specific antigen (PSA) or abnormal digital rectal examination driven prostate biopsies performed in our Department in men aged 75 or more and to show the characteristics of pathology results. The hospital records of the patients who had high PSA or abnormal digital rectal examination driven prostate biopsy in two common university based research hospitals have been reviewed retrospectively. Patients aged 75 years or older at the date of biopsy whose records provided pathology results and full medical history were evaluated for the study. A total of 103 patients were evaluated with a mean age of $79.4{\pm}3.4years$. More than half of the patients (55.1%) were in their seventh decade and the rest were in the eighth decade. Median PSA value was 15.0 (range 2.1-4500) ng/ml. In most of the biopsies (67%), PSA levels were lower than 20 ng/ml. In almost half of the patients (48%), digital rectal examination was abnormal. In 68.9% of the patients, there were at least one or more associated co-morbid diseases. Gleason scores were 7 or higher in 73%, and 8 or higher in 37% of the patients with prostate cancer. Four of the 70 (6%) patients had bone metastases. Castrations were applied to most of the patients with prostate adenocarcinoma (%79). High percentage of high grade (Gleason 7 or more) prostate adenocarcinoma in the elderly refutes the perception of prostate cancer in this age group as clinically insignificant. Therefore, it is to be kept in mind that prostate cancer in the elderly an be clinically significant and prostate biopsies are to be performed when necessary.

• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.37-51
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• 2019

Purpose: This study aims to substantiate a correlation between the period of living alone in a shabby one-room and a depression experience. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study using data from the Korea Homeless Survey carried out by the Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs in 2016. In the study, the data included 485 survey participants who resided in a single room. The period of single-room occupancy being divided into three groups: less than 1 year, 1 to 4 years, and more than 5 years was considered a primary independent variable. The outcome variable which represented a depression experience was measured by CESD-11(The Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale). We carried out a Chi-square test and multiple logistic regression to evaluate the association. Results: The rate of depression experienced in this population was 77.5%. Almost 83.9% of the participants were reported as being unable to receive the mental health counselling in the last 12 months. After controlling for covariates, subjects who were living in a single room occupancy for 1-5 years(OR=3.89; 95% CI=1.43-10.56) and more than 5 years(OR=2.71; 95% CI= 1.05-6.95) were found to be more likely to experience depression. Conclusions: The results showed that living alone in a shabby one-room had a high correlation with experiencing depression. We proposed that there is a need to develop a new strategy for mental health promotion program for the poor, vulnerable and deprived population.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.500-512
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate suicidal ideation and its associated factors according to sex in the elderly, by focusing on socio-demographic and health characteristics. Methods: Data were derived from the fifth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES V-2, 2011). The subjects were 1,464 elderly aged 65 years or more (620 male and 844 female). The SPSS/WIN 21.0 program was used for data analysis. Results: Suicidal ideation was positively associated with depression and stress in both male and female subjects. For elderly men, those aged 75 years or more, had no spouse, and had activity limitations showed a higher suicidal ideation risk. For elderly women, those who had low a education level and were perceived to be unhealthy showed a higher suicidal ideation risk. Conclusion: Nurses should consider sex differences when designing suicide prevention programs for the elderly.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제80권1호
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• pp.11-20
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• 2017

Approximately one in four patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have asthmatic features consisting of wheezing, airway hyper-responsiveness or atopy. The Global initiative for Asthma/Globalinitiative for chronic Obstructive Lung Disease committee recently labelled these patients as having asthma-COPD overlap syndrome or ACOS. ACOS also encompasses patients with asthma, ${\geq}40$ years of age, who have been cigarette smokers (more than 5-10 pack years) or have had significant biomass exposure, and demonstrate persistent airflow limitation defined as a post-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 second ($FEV_1$)/forced vital capacity of <70%. Data over the past 30 years indicate that patients with ACOS have greater burden of symptoms including dyspnea and cough and show higher risk of COPD exacerbations and hospitalizations than those with pure COPD or pure asthma. Patients with ACOS also have increased risk of rapid $FEV_1$ decline and COPD mortality. Paradoxically, experimental evidence to support therapeutic decisions in ACOS patients is lacking because traditionally, patients with ACOS have been systematically excluded from therapeutic COPD and asthma trials to maintain homogeneity of the study population. In this study, we summarize the current understanding of ACOS, focusing on definitions, epidemiology and patient prognosis.