• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.121-132
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• 2020

This paper is about development of AR board game, "ZOOCUS", combined with board game and AR application for students with intellectual disabilities to improve their sociability, concentration, and working memory. This game, conducted with the support of the Netmarble Foundation in 2019, allows user to select different game level for individual intellectual level. Through the cloud server with network, student's experience can be shared with each other, and play data can be accumulated for objective evaluation of student's capabilities.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.639-652
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• 2015

In today's manufacturing environment, the process data can be easily measured and transferred to a computer for analysis in a real-time mode. As a result, it is possible to monitor several correlated quality variables simultaneously. Various multivariate statistical process control (MSPC) procedures have been presented to detect an out-of-control event. Although the classical MSPC procedures give the out-of-control signal, it is difficult to determine which variable has caused the signal. In order to solve this problem, data mining and machine learning techniques can be considered. In this paper, we applied the technique of decision tree learning to the MSPC, and we did simulation for MSPC procedures to monitor the bivariate normal process means. The results of simulation show that the overall performance of the MSPC procedure using decision tree learning technique is similar for several values of correlation coefficient, and the accurate classification rates for out-of-control are different depending on the values of correlation coefficient and the shift magnitude. The introduced procedure has the advantage that it provides the information about assignable causes, which can be required by practitioners.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.25 no.3 s.107
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• pp.139-144
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• 2002

Most of army depots contaminated with co-contaminants, 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene(TNT) and heavy metals. In phytoremediation for the TNT, heavy metals may inhibit mineralization, transformation and sequestration of TNT by the plant. We studied effect of cadmium on TNT degradation and transformation by Abutilion avicennae in hydroponic cultures. When cultured in 20 mgTNT/L and 1.3 mgCd/L, the plant displayed phytotoxicities; reduction of leaf fresh, leaf roil, chlorosis, leaf loss and fresh weight loss. Phytotoxicity was severer in the combined contaminants than in single contaminant. Because A. avicennae uptake just a little cadmium, 1.3 mgCd/L included in the TNT medium did not influece significantly TNT transformation, translocation and distribution by A. avicennae. Therefore, the soil solution containing cadmium would not affect TNT degradation by Abutilion avicennae in Army depots polluted with TNT.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.69-74
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• 2002

Most of army depots contaminated with co-contaminants. 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene(TNT) and heavy metais. In phytormediation for the TNT, heavy metals may inhibit mineralization, transformation and sequestration of TNT by the plant. W studied effect of cadmium on TNT degradation and transformation by Abutilion avicenneae in hydroponic cultures. When cultured in 20 ㎎TNT/L and 1.3 ㎎Cd/L. the plant displayed phytotoxicities; reduction of leaf fresh, leaf roll, chlorosis, leaf loss and fresh weight loss. Phytotoxicity was severer in the combined contaminnts than in single contaminant. Because A. avicennae uptake just a little cadmium, 1.3 ㎎Cd/L induded in the TNT medium did not influece significanfly TNT transformation, translocation and distrivution by A. Therefore, the soil solution containing cadmium would not affect TNT degradation by Abutilion avicennae in Amy depots polluted with TNT.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Elementary Mathematics Education
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• 2010.08a
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• pp.219-235
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• 2010

학습자들이 미래 사회에 능동적으로 대처하기 위해서는 기존의 지식을 축적, 활용하는 것뿐만 아니라, 새로운 행동 양식을 개발하고 환경의 변화에 적절히 대응해 나갈 수 있는 능동적인 자세와 상응하는 창의적인 힘을 키우기 위해 '창의성 신장'이 강조되고 있다. 선행연구에 따르면 교사의 발문이 학생의 수학 학업성취도, 수학적 사고력향상, 수학에 대한 관심과 흥미에 긍정적인 영향을 주고 있음을 시사하고 있지만, 수학교육에서 창의성 신장을 위한 교사의 발문에 관련한 구체적인 연구는 미흡한 실정이다. 따라서 2007 개정 교육과정에서 강조하는 수학적 의사소통능력과 창의성, 수학적 사고력 신장에 기여하고 학생들의 수학과 학업성취도 뿐만 아니라 정의적 영역(흥미, 태도, 호기심 등)의 향상을 도모할 수 있는 교사 발문의 특성 연구가 필요하다. 본 연구는 도형영역 수업에서 교사의 발문 특성을 분석하고, 수업에서 사용되는 자료와 수업에서 학생들의 수학적 창의성 신장을 효과적으로 도울 수 있는 교사 발문의 특성을 연구하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 본 연구를 위하여 우리나라 2007개정 교육과정 수학과 4학년 1학기 도형 영역 관련 단원인 삼각형을 주제로 교과서에서 제시한 발문 내용을 분석하고, 실제 교수-학습 과정에서의 교사 발문의 실태를 알아보고자 제주교육인터넷방송국에 탑재되어 있는 7차 교육과정 4학년 1학기, 2학기 도형 관련 3개의 수업을 관찰 및 분석하였다. 이를 통해 수학적 창의성 신장을 위한 교사 발문의 특성을 수학적 창의성의 하위요소별로 나누어 분석하였다. 학생의 창의성 신장을 위해서 교사는 학생들이 다양하게 사고할 수 있도록 자극할 수 있는 발문을 준비하고, 수업 진행시 하나의 발문에 대해 다수의 반응을 유도하고, 학생의 응답에 대해 단순한 '맞다, 틀리다'의 판단을 내리기 보다는 그 근거를 설명할 수 있는 기회를 마련해 주어 학생이 수학 수업에 흥미를 갖고 스스로 참여할 수 있도록 유도해야 함을 제안하였다.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.225-232
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• 2010

The effect of Protox expression site on herbicidal resistance was investigated in wild-type and transgenic rice plants imposed by peroxidizing herbicide oxyfluorfen. The transgenic rice systems involved the plastidal expression of Arabidopsis protoporphyrinogen oxidase (Protox; AP line) and the dual expression of Myxococcus xanthus Protox in chloroplasts and mitochondria (TTS line). The oxyfluorfen-treated TTS4 line showed the lower levels of cellular leakage and malonyldialdehyde and the sustained capacity of 5-aminolevulinic acid synthesis, compared to the oxyfluorfen-treated AP and wild-type lines. During oxyfluorfen action, the TTS4 line had greater herbicide resistance than the AP1 line, indicating that the dual expression of M. xanthus Protox in chloroplasts and mitochondria prevented the accumulation of photodynamic protoporphyrin IX more effectively than the expression of Arabidopsis Protox only in chloroplasts. These results suggest that the ectopic expression of Protox in mitochondria greatly contributes to the herbicidal resistance in rice plants.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.121-129
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• 2009

Today, it is difficult to re-use and share spatial information, because of the explosive growth of heterogeneous information and specific characters of spatial information accumulated by diverse local agency. A spatial analysis of subsurface spatial informa-tion, one of the National Spatial Data Infrastructure, needs related spatial information such as, topographical map, geologic map, underground facility map, etc. However, current methods using standard format or spatial datawarehouse cannot consider a se-mantic hetergenity. In this paper, the layered ontology model which consists of generic concept, measuremnt scale, spatial model, and subsurface spatial information has developed. Also, the current ontology building method pertained to human experts is a expensive and time-consuming process. We have developed the MDA-based metamodel(UML Profile) of ontology that can be a easy under-standing and flexiblity of environment change. The semantic quality of devleoped ontology model has evaluated by reasoning engine, Pellet. We expect to improve a semantic sharing, and strengthen capacities for developing GIS experts system using knowledge representation ability of ontology.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.95-103
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• 2012

The cell surface sculpture of the plant epidermis has received great interest recently. It has also been an active area of research, as the biological microstructures of the surface, such as papillae and waxes, exhibit several unique properties, including self-cleaning character; namely the "Lotus effect" first described in the leaves of the lotus, Nelumbo nucifera. The Lotus effect is the phenomenon in which the super-hydrophobic and water-repellent nature of lotus leaves allow water drops to run off easily on the surface in a rolling and sliding motion thereby facilitating the removal of dirt particles. It is well-known that surface roughness on the micro- and nanoscale is a primary characteristic allowing for the Lotus effect. This effect is common among plants and is of great technological importance, since it can be applied industrially in numerous fields. In the present study, Nelumbo nucifera leaf and stem epidermal surfaces have been examined with a focus on the features of papillae and wax crystalloids. Both young and mature Nelumbo nucifera leaf epidermis demonstrated the Lotus effect on their entire epidermal surface. The central area of the upper epidermis, in particular, formed extremely papillose surfaces, with an additional wax layer, enabling greater water repellency. Despite the presence of wax crystalloids, epidermal surfaces of the lower leaf and stem lacking papillae, were much more easily wetted.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.113-118
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• 2002

Laboratory experiments were aimed to evaluate the effect of nitrate as a electron acceptor during the biological phosphorus uptake and to investigate the microbial community. Anaerobic-anoxic sequencing batch reactor (SBR) compared the removal behaviour to anaerobic-oxic SBR, both SBRs maintained lower effluent quality with 1.0 mgp/1. Anaerobic-anoxic SBR was able to remove additional 5.0 to 7.0 mg (P+N)/ι than other biological nutrient removal (BM) system. Therefore, it was proposed that the anaerobic-anoxic SBR was more effective at weak sewage. From the results of the maicrobial community analysis, it can be inferred that denitrifying bacteria and polyphosphate accumulating bacteria coexist in anaerobic-anoxic SBR during stable condition for removing the nitrogen and phosphorus. Particularly, it was suggested that the Zoogloea ramigera in the $\beta$-subclass of proteobacteria and the Alcaligenes defragrans of the Rhodocyclus group in the $\beta$-subclass of proteobacteria played a major role for removing the nitrogen and phosphorus as dPAOs (denitrifying phosphate accumulating organisms).

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.401-408
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• 1997

Human gets almist all of his knoweledge from the recognition and the accumulation of input patterns,image or sound,the he gets theough his eyes and through his ears.Among these means,his chracter recognition,an ability that allows him to recognize characters and understand their meanings through visual information, is now applied to a pattern recognition system using neural network in computer. Recurrent neural network is one of those models that reuse the output value in neural network learning.Recently many studies try to apply this recurrent neural network to the classification of static patterns like off-line handwritten characters. But most of their efforts are not so drrdtive until now.This stusy suggests a new type of recurrent neural network for an deedctive classification of the static patterns such as off-line handwritten chracters.Using the new J-E(Jordan-Elman)neural network model that enlarges and combines Jordan Model and Elman Model,this new type is better than those of before in recobnizing the static patterms such as figures and handwritten-characters.