• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.85-92
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• 2006

It seems extremely incongruous that genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes could ever be justified or excused by 'defensive force'- self-defence, defence of others and defence of property. Nonetheless, art 31(1)(c) of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court codifies defensive force as a ground for excluding criminal responsibility. This provision was controversial and extremely difficult to negotiate at the Rome Conference of 1998, largely due to the conceptual differences that exist in respect of criminal defences between the various domestic legal systems of the world. This paper analyses the drafting history and wording of art 31(1)(c) in order to clarify the precise scope of defensive force under the Rome Statute. It then seeks to ascertain the applicability of the provision to genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes, and to thereby explore the nature of these crimes and the intended prosecutorial strategy of the International Criminal Court.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.65-80
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• 2015

In previous studies concerning turnover, they argue individual stock's turnover must be identical to market portfolio's turnover under one condition where 2 funds separation theorem holds. In this kind of world, all market participants hold and trade the same portfolio and this should be only market portfolio. If one's trading portfolio's shape is different from market portfolio's, this would mean he or she has an advantage over others in information and this kind of information would be private. In accordance with this theory, we develop a metric which measures how far one's trading portfolio from market's and name it as Stock Selection by Investor(SSI). We apply this measurement to the various types of investor groups classified as individual, institutional and foreign who participate in Korea stock market. To test the validity of measure, we regress price ratio on this measurement using SUR method. As a result, individual investor group shows large number in SSI, but the coefficient in regression is not significant and economically meaningless. In case of institutional investor group, the coefficient proves to be significantly negative. We can infer from this fact that their trading is somehow far from informed trading. Stock selection activity by foreign investor groups proves to be informed trading by showing significantly positive coefficient and the magnitude of coefficient is economically meaningful, especially in sell activity.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.94-108
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to consider the moderating effects of employees' emotional labor on the relationships among hotel employees' emotional dissonance, burnout and job satisfaction. The survey was administerd to 377 employees working for deluxe hotels in Korea. The results indicated that the proposed model fit to the data well(${\chi}^2$=307.888, df=51, p<.001, GFI .890, AFGI .833, NFI .931, IFI .942, CFI .942). The finding showed that employees' emotional dissonance had a significantly positive effect on their burnout (${\beta}$=.194; t=3.533; p<.001) and a significantly negative effect on job satisfaction(${\beta}$=-.352; t=-6.906; p<.001). In addition, employees' burnout had a significantly negative effect on their job satisfaction(${\beta}$=-.267; t=-5.261; p<.001). For the moderating effects of employees' emotional labor on the relationship between emotional dissonance and job satisfaction, the results indicated that significant relationships varied to employees' surface acting whereas deep acting did not. Limitations and future research directions are also discussed.

• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
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• v.4 no.1 s.7
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• pp.83-110
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• 2004

This article examines the legislation process of internet contents regulation through three phases from a policy network point of view. In the first phase, heated debates were initiated during the public hearings after the Ministry of Information & Communications announced its plan to introduce the internet contents grading system During the second phase, bills were submitted to the Standing Committee of the National Assembly, where the bills were deliberated, passed, and promulgated. In the third phase, issues on enforcement ordinance were resolved as the degree of conflict was mitigated. Policy network during the first phase started in a conflicting and distributed form, but has evolved into a conflicting and centralized form. The appropriate closure of the debate on the internet contents regulation can be explained by the structure of governmental departments, the character of new technology, and the mobilization of general public.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.159-178
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• 2011

Korea has been widely recognized as the most successful country for reversal of the rise in sex ratio at birth (from the mid-1980s to the mid-1990s) in a short period of time. However, unusually high sex ratios at birth are still observed in most regions as parity increases. Given that imbalanced sex ratios at high birth orders are mostly due to son-selective abortion, it still remains questionable whether son-selective reproductive behavior has vanished in Korea. The main purpose of this study is to analyze the pattern of changing trends and socioeconomic differentials in sex ratio at birth. Micro-data from birth registration for 2009 are utilized. Attention is focused on analyzing sex ratios at birth in Youngnam region according to age of mother, parity, educational attainment of parents, and occupation of parents. A series of simulations are also conducted in this paper to show how prenatal sex screening and son-selective abortion have affected the level of sex ratio at birth for years 1994, 2005 and 2009.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.317-327
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• 2012

The purpose of present study was to observe the path and influencing effects between socioeconomic class (SEC), health practices and self-rated health(SRH) by the age bracket. The subjects were 4,987 adults over 25 years old who participated in the 2008 Korean National Examination Health and Nutrition Survey and could be classified into SEC in terms of the three characteristics: education, income and occupation. Path analysis was conducted with the effects of health behaviors execution on the differences in SRH, and the complex samples analysis executed by chi-square test, t-test, ANOVA. As the result, lower SRH level paralleled with the lower SEC, and more health behaviors had differed by SEC in the younger and middle aged group. The lower SEC, the lower SRH: non-smoking and weight control for younger women and exercise for aged men had indirect effects as parameters. In conclusion, when planning a health promotion program, to select the correct target populations with consideration of the age bracket, gender and SEC and to establish tailored contents fit for each of the population would be important.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.53-61
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• 2010

The purpose of this paper is to devise a user management plan for tourism destinations in parts of park and open green spaces to prevent resource damage through depreciative behavior by tourists. Also, the possibility of the introduction of user management has been considered in order to complement this in these kinds of park and open green spaces. As explained in prior results, tourists have had the opportunity of taking part in many experiences which furnish cultural and historical information, but have never had experiences which furnish information in utilization and management such as prohibited behavior at tourism destinations, responsibility for damage, etc. The furnishing of information on utilization and management plays an important role in understanding responsibility in resource damage. For example, groups who have been given information on utilization and management appear to be much more responsible toward resources and environmental damage. For this reason, this must be a very important element for preventing damaging behavior at tourism destinations. Tourists can be made to understand that tourism destinations can be very seriously damaged by users. In order to control these damaging behaviors which occur from other users and to meet the needs of the tourism destinations being visited, it is necessary to establish a user management plan.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.165-171
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to analyse a causal relationship between collective emotion and behavior to sport issues in SNS. For the purpose, 5 sports issues with obvious collective behavior and 5 concerned articles in typical portal sites were selected. From those, each 100 comments with highest recommendation and 5 obvious actions made by the crowd were sampled as the analysis subjects. The results of statistical analyses on collective emotion and behavior materials were as follows. First, collective emotions showed differences by the sports issues. Second, there was a significant causal relationship between collective emotion and behavior in SNS. This study could receive a favorable evaluation due to the statistical analysis on a causal relationship between collective emotion and behavior.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.895-900
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• 2009

Myth is defined as hidden rules or practices in a particular group universally represented in the overall society. The implied meanings in the myth is the result of reflection of culture, and the understanding of the reflection seeps into the society, making cycle structure. In many mythological stories, an act of looking has broad meanings. For example, in the story of Orpheus, Medusa and Tiresias, the act of looking brought about misfortune. The implication of these stories is that it pushes 'what should be not done' rather than 'what should be done', highlighting taboos across the society. This study seeks to present a case of image analysis by interpreting the image of current commercials through the relationship between looking back and taboos among acts of looking in mythological stories.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.68 no.2
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• pp.5-25
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• 2016

Despite previous literatures suggesting the co-occurrence of substance abuse and behavioral addiction, their relationship has not been systematically explored. Especially, college students are a high risk group for alcohol use and gambling activities and they have various psychosocial problems due to addictive behaviors. This study aimed to empirically examine that drinking problems predict gambling problems among college students. A total of 455 college students who experienced drinking and gambling completed a survey. Logistic regression analysis were performed. After adjusting for demographics and family related variables, drinking problems predicted the occurrence of problem gambling. Implications for social work practice, policy planning and research area on addiction are discussed.