• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.579-585
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• 2006

We consider a ruin model where the surplus process is formed by a Brownian motion. If the level of surplus exceeds V, then we assume that a insurer invests an amount of S to other place. In this paper, we apply martingale methods to the surplus process and obtain the expectation of period T, time from origin to the point where the level of surplus reaches either V or 0. As a consequence, we finally derive the total and average amount of surplus during T.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.472-477
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• 2018

The excess molar volumes of a general anesthetics on Purple membrane and Red membrane separated by extraction in Halobacteriun Halobium and in suspensions of vesicle have been determined at $25^{\circ}C$, it was used a excess volume dilatometer. The anesthesia characteristics of general anesthetics, Propofol was fined by our study to correlate with excess molar volume. Excess volume changes of the vesicle measured by excess volume dilatometer, which is an important amino acid and lipid in the purple membrane and red membrane by means of specific weight in Halobacteriun Halobium, were studied by absorption intensity at 280 nm and 330 nm. The particle size analysis and relative turbidity of Purple membrane and Red membrane by means of Propofol were measured for mechanical properties. In the samples where Propofol is incoporated in vesicle, especially, the excess molar volume of PM + RM + Propofol is the greatest than the excess molar volumes of PM, and RM.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.67-73
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• 2018

Financial plight condition firms difficulties accessing external funding, these firms will arrange scarce funds using tax avoidance can be a way of improvement of internal cash flow and internal funds securement. This study is empirical evidence presented the association between free cash flow can be represented for financial condition of firms and using tax avoidance for Kosdaq listed firms. Empirical analysis result, presented plus (+) results the association between free cash flow and tax avoidance. these results are in the previous year free cash flow is large firms purpose of internal cash holdings that increase of tax avoidance in order to minimize of cash outflow are based on tax burden. also interaction effect of free cash flow and debt ratio is presented influence of plus(+) on tax avoidance.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institutes of Information Security and Cryptology Conference
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• 1995.11a
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• pp.195-199
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• 1995

본 논문에서는 지금까지 ${\gamma}$$^{th}$ -잉여류 문제를 이용하여 제안된 공개키 잉여류 암호알고리즘들을 살펴보고, ${\gamma}$의 크기에 따라 제안된 각 암호알고리즘들을 분류해 본다. 특히 이산대수 문제를 이용하여 현재까지 제안된 공개키 잉여류 암호알고리즘에서 사용하는 ${\gamma}$의 크기와 헝태를 더욱더 일반화한 새로운 공개키 잉여류 암호알고리즘을 제안한다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institutes of Information Security and Cryptology Conference
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• 1995.11a
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• pp.211-216
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• 1995

본 논문에서는 ${\gamma}$$^{th}$ -잉여류 문제에 안전성 기반을 둔 공개키 잉여류 암호알고리즘의 효율적인 복호알고리즘을 제안한다. 제안한 복호알고리즘은 기존의 복호알고리즘 중 가장 많은 시간이 소요되는 ${\gamma}$$^{th}$ 잉여류 판정 루틴을 소거하는 방법을 강구하였으며, 특히 복호알고리즘의 효율성을 위한 precomputation 방법을 분석하였다.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.29 no.7
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• pp.1165-1172
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• 2016

In this paper, a surplus process with investments is introduced. Whenever the level of the surplus reaches a target value V > 0, amount S($0{\leq}S{\leq}V$) is invested into other business. After assigning three costs to the surplus process, a reward per unit amount of the investment, a penalty of the surplus being empty and the keeping (opportunity) cost per unit amount of the surplus per unit time, we obtain the long-run average cost per unit time to manage the surplus. We prove that there exists a unique value of S minimizing the long-run average cost per unit time for a given value of V, and also that there exists a unique value of V minimizing the long-run average cost per unit time for a given value of S. These two facts show that an optimal investment policy of the surplus exists when we manage the surplus in the long-run.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.39 no.10
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• pp.1-10
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• 2002

Scheduling technology is one of the most important elements required to support the Qos(quality of service) in the Internet and a lot of scheduling algorithms have been developed. However, most of there algorithms are not flexible in the distribution of the excess bandwidth. In order to improve the weakness of existing algorithms, DGPS(decoupled generalized processor sharing)has suggested recently. But, the DGPS algorithm is complex to implement and difficult to apply to the existing algorithms. In this paper, we propose a scheduling algorithm for distribution of the excess bandwidth which improves the implementation complexity of the DGPS and easy to be applied to ordinary algorithms.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.455-460
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• 2014

The system performance is analized for the optimal design of the transmission links with dispersion management and optical phase conjugation for compensating for the optical signal distortion due to the group velocity dispersion and optical nonlinear Kerr effects in the long-haul optical transmission system. That is, the effect of the relation of the residual dispersion in both half transmission sections with respect with optical phase conjugator (OPC) on the net residual dispersion (NRD) is assessed. It is conformed that the best compensation is obtained in NRD of 10 ps/nm, which is only controlled by the difference of the residual dispersion between each half transmission sections.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.81-87
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• 2012

A continuous time risk model is considered, where the premium rate is constant and the claims form a compound Poisson process. We assume that an injection is made, which is an immediate increase of the surplus up to level u > 0 (initial level), when the level of the surplus goes below ${\tau}$(0 < ${\tau}$ < u). We derive the formula of the ruin probability of the surplus by establishing an integro-differential equation and show that an explicit formula for the ruin probability can be obtained when the amounts of claims independently follow an exponential distribution.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.113-119
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• 2011

The study purpose was to examine an effect of zero emission of excess sludge on biological reactor and treated water quality within the biological reactor in the process of biological treatment combined with excess sludge reduction system with ozone. Under an ozone injection rate 0.03 g $O_3/g$ SS, Sludge Disintegration Number (SDN) 3 and less than pH 4 as pre-treatment process, it was possible to maintain a stable biological treatment process without sludge disintegration. In the test of $OUR_{max}$, of sludge, its value was hardly under the condition of ozone injection rate 0.03 g $O_3/g$ SS. There were almost no changes of MLVSS/MLSS within biological reactor followed by a solubilization of excess sludge. Accumulation of microorganism within biological reactor was also not observed. After solubilization of excess sludge, an increase for organic matter and SS concentrations of an effluent was not observed and T-N concentration was reduced by increasing nitrification and denitrification rate within biological reactor. Most of T-P was not removed by zero emission of excess sludge and was leaked by being included in effluents.