• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.56 no.4
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• pp.431-453
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• 2022

Hate is a collective expression of exclusivity toward others and it is fostered and reproduced through false public perception. This study aims to explore the objects and issues of hate discussed in our society using text mining techniques. To this end, we collected 17,867 news data published from 1990 to 2020 and constructed a co-word network and cluster analysis. In order to derive an explicit co-word network highly related to hate, we carried out sentence split and extracted a total of 52,520 sentences containing the words 'hate', 'prejudice' and 'discrimination' in the preprocessing phase. As a result of analyzing the frequency of words in the collected news data, the subjects that appeared most frequently in relation to hate in our society were women, race, and sexual minorities, and the related issues were related laws and crimes. As a result of cluster analysis based on the co-word network, we found a total of six hate-related clusters. The largest cluster was 'genderphobic', accounting for 41.4% of the total, followed by 'sexual minority hatred' at 28.7%, 'racial hatred' at 15.1%, 'selective hatred' at 8.5%, 'political hatred' accounted for 5.7% and 'environmental hatred' accounted for 0.3%. In the discussion, we comprehensively extracted all specific hate target names from the collected news data, which were not specifically revealed as a result of the cluster analysis.

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 2022.10a
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• pp.22-25
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• 2022

본 연구는 대화형 인공지능이 비윤리적 표현을 학습하거나 생성하는 것을 방지하기 위한 기초적 연구로, 메신저 대화에 나타나는 단어 단위, 구 단위 이상의 비윤리적 표현을 수집하고 그 특성을 분석하였다. 비윤리적 표현은 '욕설, 혐오 및 차별 표현, 공격적 표현, 성적 표현'이 해당된다. 메신저 대화에 나타난 비윤리적 표현은 욕설이 가장 많은 비중을 차지했는데, 욕설에서는 비표준형뿐만 아니라 '존-', '미치다' 등과 같이 맥락을 고려하여 판단해야 하는 경우가 있다. 가장 높은 빈도로 나타난 욕설 '존나류, 씨발류, 새끼류'의 타입-토큰 비율(TTR)을 확인한 결과 '새끼류'의 TTR이 가장 높게 나타났다. 다음으로 메신저 대화에서는 공격적 표현이나 성적인 표현에 비해 혐오 및 차별 표현의 비중이 높았는데, '국적/인종'과 '젠더' 관련된 혐오 및 차별 표현이 특히 높게 나타났다. 혐오 및 차별 표현은 단어 단위보다는 구 단위 이상의 표현의 비중이 높았고 문장 단위로 떨어지기 보다는 대화 전체에 걸쳐 나타나는 것을 확인하였다. 따라서 혐오 및 차별 표현을 탐지하기 위해서는 단어 단위보다는 구 단위 이상 표현의 탐지에 대한 필요성이 있음을 학인하였다.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.60 no.2
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• pp.155-165
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• 2021

There are 18,638 insect species recorded in Korea, representing 35.4% of Korean Biodiversity (52,628). In this study, we classified Korean common name into 11 categories (color, size, shape, plant, location, ecology, foreign language, personal name, native, physiology, positive/negative) and assigned every species into each categories and researched the meaning of Korean common names. We conducted further analysis on 506 cases of hate speech (disability, racial·regional·appearance discriminations). Also we analyzed 508 cases of Japanese expressions (person's name, place name, Japanese language), and proposed alternative words in case of inappropriate usages.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.69 no.3
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• pp.267-287
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to clarify stages and definite contents of integration of immigrants in local community's level. Author approached this study with case study. Data were collected by conducting depth interviews with twenty five persons. According to results of this study, the integration of immigrants was revealed as follows; The $1^{st}$ stage is mutual-otherization, the $2^{nd}$ stage is tolerance as mean, and the $3^{rd}$ stage is resistance and mutual tension. Next, the $4^{th}$ stage is compromise, and final stage is mutual coexistence. Therefore, the author suggested the empowerment to immigrants and abolition of xenophobia and racism on the basis of this case study.

• Journal of Popular Narrative
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.13-44
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• 2021

This article describes the fear of infection through the Covid19 pandemic and the rapid phase change of human species with H. P. Lovecraft's fiction and "Project LC. RC". Pandemic and climate change, which can be called global weirding, fundamentally question the status and history of human species in the ecosystem. The horror creature and cosmological indifferentism in Lovecraft's weird fiction are contemporary in that they help shed light on today's global weirding. But Lovecraft's racism allows him to ask more fundamental questions about the logjam of his cosmic horror. "Project LC. RC" are a Korean writers's works of cultural variation that rewrites controversial racism and misogyny in Lovecraft's fiction. Such variation becomes the task of creating a mutation in Lovecraft as it becomes infected with the affection of Lovecraft's writing. This article first noted the creative power of Lovecraft's fiction that induces such a mutation. And under this premise, this article wanted to reveal the meaning of Lee Seo young, Eun rim, and Kim Bo young's recreates of Lovecraft's fiction through the analysis of images and motifs of abject, plant creature and symbiosis. Specifically, Lovecraft's creature, which evokes phallic fear, turns into an image of an abject embracing and comforting women's despair("I Want You to Stay Low"), a plant creature that provides women with refuge("Color in the Well"), and a creature of care and symbiotic life("A Sea of Plague"). This recreate/rewriting has contemporary significance in that it embodies values such as labor, care, and solidarity in their works. The conclusion noted another power of creative variation in Lovecraft's fiction, which is not reduced to recreate/rewriting.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.10-23
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• 2024

This study examines the changes in attractiveness and social perception of mask wearers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Before COVID-19, masks were seen as a sign of infection, decreasing the wearer's attractiveness. However, with the widespread normalization of mask-wearing during the pandemic, the perception mechanisms have become more complex. The attractiveness and social perception of mask wearers now vary based on factors such as the wearer's baseline attractiveness, race, and attitudes toward masks. Consequently, research findings on perception changes due to mask-wearing have been inconsistent. This inconsistency is due to the lack of standardized experimental methods and the failure to account for individual differences among participants, as well as insufficient theoretical background in the studies. From a psychiatric perspective, it is essential to formulate and test new hypotheses centered around the psychological mechanisms related to the human behavioral immune system when studying attractiveness perception during a pandemic. Notably, attention should be given to how differences in the activation of individuals' behavioral immune systems influence perceptions of mask wearers. Understanding these dynamics can provide crucial insights into how social perceptions and aversions impact mental health, thereby shedding light on various psychiatric issues that arise during infectious disease outbreaks.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.408-417
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• 2016

This study researched about problem of Xenophobia and proposed countermeasures of the police. This study utilized previous studies and statistical of Xenophobia. Xenophobia was negative reaction about foreign stranger joined area of native people. and native hated stranger. Xenophobia has not yet big trouble in Korean society. But small trouble will prospect be big trouble. Xenophobia in Korea society was influenced by increase of migrant worker, increase of foreigner, negatude of foreigner from low income countries, native troubled immigrant, receptivity of multi-cultural. Accordingly, This Situation will be big social problem. and we need active counteract. Active counteract plan utilized police of public power. So. This study suggest plan of police. Plan of police stretch the criminal justice by Xenophobia crime, active response of media and SNS negative about foreigner, crash-prevention native, foreign crime prevention.