• Archives of design research
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• v.19 no.1 s.63
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• pp.317-328
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• 2006

So far, the behaviors of Web users have been predicted or analyzed mostly by their demographic characteristics or by considering in which context they gain access to that. But now there is a question about whether those characteristics are the only factors to trigger their use of Web. If the answer is not affirmative, what types of additional factors could cause such an action and how they characterize it should be discussed. User profile information has been considered one of the crucial elements to define user characteristics in user-centered UI design sector, and in order to apply it to UI design, it's needed to meditate on the above-mentioned questions. In this study, it's first attempted to have a good understanding of the users of different media and to review existing user classification methods. Next, user classification variables and relevant scales were prepared to sort out users according to their type of using Web, and case study was conducted to identify the behavioral characteristics of users and classify them according to their behavioral features. Finally, the user profile features of individual user groups were figured out based on data that were gathered by making an experiment, and data mapping was fulfilled between the behavioral characteristics and user profile characteristics to find out what types of behaviors were caused by the characteristics of user profile. As a result, it's found that user characteristics could have an impact on not only their general information and relevant contexts but their attitude of using different media and personality type. There were some problems with the experimental design, but more accurate information on the relationship of user behaviors to user profile characteristics will be obtained if those problems are eliminated. As user behaviors could be predicted only by user profile characteristics, user classification is expected to make a contribution to enhancing the efficiency of UI design.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.11 no.10
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• pp.3700-3706
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• 2010

As the number of the elderly increases, concerns about senile dementia and serious game for dementia are growing. The purpose of this study is to explore the types of attitude toward senile dementia. To identify public attitudes toward senile dementia, we conducted Q methodology. A Q set of potential public attitudes toward senile dementia was identified through literature review. From this, 52 potential public attitudes toward senile dementia were identified. Twenty subjects ranked these explanations as possible public attitudes. The attitudes toward senile dementia were classified as 4 types : 'type1 : idealistic & expectant', 'type 2 : aversive & defensive', 'type 3 : active & realistic', and 'type 4 : responsible & compensatory'. This study revealed that people have different explanatory frameworks for the attitude toward senile dementia.

• Informatization Policy
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.78-101
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• 2010

Unlike knowledge sharing or knowledge transfer, knowledge protection has received little attention in the literature. Knowledge protection play a very important role in keeping organization competitive. This study explores the differences in knowledge protection between public and private organizations by T-test and regression analysis. The results of this study shows that the level of knowledge protection in public organizations is lower than that in private organizations. There is even larger difference in the level of access to key knowledge from outside between the two sectors. Such difference can be explained by the unique characteristics of public sector organizations. Understanding why the level of knowledge protection differs between the public and private sector is very important. This study presents lessons and implications for management leadership.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.475-485
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• 2012

The purpose of this research study was to identify the factors that influence comsumer who make decisions on preferred coffee types. Data was collected for a month from September $12^{th}$ to October $10^{th}$, 2010 from 807 participants who visited a cafe' in Seoul. The Limdep(LIMited DEPendent) 8.0 program was used in analyzing the determinants for preferred types of coffee using the multinomial logit model(MNL) approach. The results revealed that there were four taste preference groups being Espresso, Americano, Cafe' Late, and Cafe' Mocha ; as well as confirming that demographic characteristics influenced the coffee selection attributes, type of packaging, preferred coffee brand, and visit frequencies. This study found seven coffee selection attributes were significant factors in influencing patrons choices for purchasing speciality coffee being age range, profession, packing status, elation, superficial appearance, weight control, and habitual, respectively. The research reflects the coffee selection attributes by the customers' preference and concludes that it would be helpful to make marketing strategy for particular coffee brands.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.271-283
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• 2015

The purpose of current study was to find differences of selected attributes and visitors of responses according to their lifestyle as perceived by Pocheon Yidong-BBQ-Galbi Festival participants. Survey method was employed and total 370 data was used for statistical analysis. The results of factor analysis showed that three factors were extracted from lifestyle(Activity, Example, Commonness), and four factors were found from festival selection attribute(Food, Service, Program, Cleanliness). In addition, three clusters(Outgoing personality, Gentle character, Normal character) were extracted from the result of cluster analysis. The result of chi-square shows that selection attributes are significantly different by clusters of festival. Therefore the festival host need to focus on various kinds of BBQ along with diverse foods and activities to make attractive cultual experience festival for visitors who visited with family. Additionally, all selection attributes except clearness have significantly influence on responsive relationship. Thus, the organizer should make an effort to provide high quality of various selection attributes. Current study will be contribute to develop various and fascinating local festival expecially related to food.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.289-298
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• 1994

Background: Most studies of Mycoplasma pneumonia involve a group of admitted patients in hospital, usually with major medical illness. So we investigated the epidemiologic and radiologic features during the course of outbreak of pneumonia in Chunnam coastal area. Methods: We retrospectively studied the epidemiologic and clinical feature of 105 patients with serologically proven Mycoplasma pneumonia treated at Kwang-Yang Hospital during a epidemic period of Jun.1993 to Dec.1993. All cases of pneumonia developed in this period were also reviewed and compared with serologically proven group. Results: 1) There were 63 males and 42 females. 2) More than half(57%) of cases belonged to 5-9 years of age group, and mean age was 6.5 years old. Mean age was steadily decreased as prevalence of Mycoplasma pneumonia had been subsided. 3) A major determinant of the outbreak seemed to be the population density rather than the population size. 4) The common radiologic features were interstitial in type, and 67 cases was restricted to one lobe. Lobar types are more common in late childhood, and interstitial or diffuse types in early childhood. Conclusion: These epidemiologic and radiographic characteristics would contribute to the diagnosis of Mycoplasma pneumonia.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.23 no.3 s.75
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• pp.25-33
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• 2005

This study examines socio-demographic characteristics of married couples and their desire for a second child. Questionnaires were completed by 355 married men and women who have only one child currently. The participants were classified into four groups by their desire, or a lack thereof, for a second child. Group I consisted of married people who wanted to have another child, and whose spouse wanted the same. Members of Group II were in a marriage where only the wife wanted to have another child. Members of Group III were in a marriage where only the husband wanted a second child. Group IV consisted of participants who did not want another child, and whose spouse agreed with thor The research questions were (1) how different those four groups are in terms of socio-demographic characteristics, (2) what are the reasons to stop having children and to have another child, and (3) what are the perceptions of the current low fertility rate in Korea, and the policies designed to increase birth rata The results indicate that wife' age, husband's educational level, expectant level of household economy, age at marriage, marriage duration and the time length between marriage and birth of the first child were significantly different among the four groups. The reasons to stop having children were expected constraint of privacy and time, physical and psychological burden and economic pressure. The most pronounced reason for wanting another child was the desire to give their first child a sibling. Group III had more serious disagreement about having another child than did Group II. There were significant differences among the four groups in the perceptions of possible consequences of the low birth rate. These perceptions included: undermined competitiveness of the nation and weakened family ties.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.146-156
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• 2021

A smart city refers to an intelligent city solving problems arising from the concentration its population using IT technology. Various services such as safety, transportation, environment, education, and medical care are provided in a smart city. Still, the degree of service experienced by the residents is lower compared to the technological maturity. Hence, the service acceptance intention factor needs to be improved. In this study, User Characteristic and Service Characteristic variables were identified separately to improve the awareness and experience of smart services among citizens of the smart city and analyze the intention of easy service acceptance. Based on the results, the present study is expected to improve citizen's quality of life and form a happy society. This improvement in citizens and society is achieved by drawing active participation from citizens and investments from the government and private enterprise through solving various problems in the city.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.451-460
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• 2022

This study was conducted to analyze the difference between positive psychology and citizenship according to the characteristics of urban forest use among middle-aged living in Seoul. In order to achieve the purpose of the study, 156 middle-aged were convenience sampled, and the collected data were subjected to descriptive statistics, variance analysis, and Schéffe post-test using the SPSS 25.0 program. The main research results are as follows. First, gender differences in resilience, optimism, and citizenship were significant, but differences by age were not significant. Second, there were differences in positive psychology and citizenship according to the characteristics of urban forest use. As the average life expectancy increases, social and policy support for the middle-aged population is needed, so it is necessary to actively seek out the diversity of opportunities and methods of urban forest experience to improve the psych-social health of citizens.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.19-42
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• 2012

Consumer consumption patterns are shifting rapidly as buyers migrate from offline markets to e-commerce routes, such as shopping channels on TV and internet shopping malls. In the offline markets consumers go shopping, see the shopping items, and choose from them. Recently consumers tend towards buying at shopping sites free from time and place. However, as e-commerce markets continue to expand, customers are complaining that it is becoming a bigger hassle to shop online. In the online shopping, shoppers have very limited information on the products. The delivered products can be different from what they have wanted. This case results to purchase cancellation. Because these things happen frequently, they are likely to refer to the consumer reviews and companies should be concerned about consumer's voice. E-commerce is a very important marketing tool for suppliers. It can recommend products to customers and connect them directly with suppliers with just a click of a button. The recommender system is being studied in various ways. Some of the more prominent ones include recommendation based on best-seller and demographics, contents filtering, and collaborative filtering. However, these systems all share two weaknesses : they cannot recommend products to consumers on a personal level, and they cannot recommend products to new consumers with no buying history. To fix these problems, we can use the information which has been collected from the questionnaires about their demographics and preference ratings. But, consumers feel these questionnaires are a burden and are unlikely to provide correct information. This study investigates combining collaborative filtering with the centrality of social network analysis. This centrality measure provides the information to infer the preference of new consumers from the shopping history of existing and previous ones. While the past researches had focused on the existing consumers with similar shopping patterns, this study tried to improve the accuracy of recommendation with all shopping information, which included not only similar shopping patterns but also dissimilar ones. Data used in this study, Movie Lens' data, was made by Group Lens research Project Team at University of Minnesota to recommend movies with a collaborative filtering technique. This data was built from the questionnaires of 943 respondents which gave the information on the preference ratings on 1,684 movies. Total data of 100,000 was organized by time, with initial data of 50,000 being existing customers and the latter 50,000 being new customers. The proposed recommender system consists of three systems : [+] group recommender system, [-] group recommender system, and integrated recommender system. [+] group recommender system looks at customers with similar buying patterns as 'neighbors', whereas [-] group recommender system looks at customers with opposite buying patterns as 'contraries'. Integrated recommender system uses both of the aforementioned recommender systems to recommend movies that both recommender systems pick. The study of three systems allows us to find the most suitable recommender system that will optimize accuracy and customer satisfaction. Our analysis showed that integrated recommender system is the best solution among the three systems studied, followed by [-] group recommended system and [+] group recommender system. This result conforms to the intuition that the accuracy of recommendation can be improved using all the relevant information. We provided contour maps and graphs to easily compare the accuracy of each recommender system. Although we saw improvement on accuracy with the integrated recommender system, we must remember that this research is based on static data with no live customers. In other words, consumers did not see the movies actually recommended from the system. Also, this recommendation system may not work well with products other than movies. Thus, it is important to note that recommendation systems need particular calibration for specific product/customer types.