• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.272-277
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• 1987

The odor threshold and agreeability of aroma components in Korean Yakju were measured in Null-Yakju, 19% ethyl alcohol solution, $20^{\circ}C$ distilled water and $50^{\circ}C$ distilled water by 20 panels. The measurement of the odor threshold in Null-Yakju was as follows: Formal-dehyde 5ppm, acetaldehyde 20ppm, ethylacetate 30ppm, ethyl alcohol 5g/l, acetone 7ppm, diacetyl 0.2ppm, n-propanol 20ppm, iso-butanol 80ppm, iso-amyl alcohol 10ppm and dimethyl sulfide 2ppm were found. The most agreeability of amyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol and acetaldehyde were $80{\sim}350ppm$, $2.6{\times}10^4{\sim}1{\times}10^5ppm$ and $75{\sim}160ppm$.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.151-158
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• 2008

Poor posture of the neck and head has long been recognized as a factor contributing to the onset and perpetuation of pain in the head and neck region. This study were to evaluate the change of the neck pressure pain threshold in long term computer users. To elucidate change of the neck pressure pain threshold in long term computer users, the effect of computer using time(3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 hours) on neck pressure pain threshold were studied in 20 subjects. Neck pressure pain threshold were recorded 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 hours group, and evaluated by pressure algometry to Trapezius muscle, Sternocleidomastoidius muscle, Suboccipitalis muscle and Temporalis muscle. Neck pressure pain threshold was significantly larger in 15 hours group(p<.05). But relation between neck pressure pain threshold in male group and female group were not significant differences(p>.05).

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.42 no.12
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• pp.1-8
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• 2005

In this paper, we study a call admission control algorithm for supporting multicast service under the BcN environment where broadcasting, communication and Internet are converging to be one. It is necessary to control service requests with a certain criteria in order to guarantee QoS because the system capacity is limited. As a possible solution, we divide one multicast service into 3 classes and set up a threshold per each class to control service request. Especially, for the purpose of system benefit, we define system pay-off rate 'GAIN' with the term 'Reward' and 'Penalty' according to admit and reject service request. And we confine the range of threshold which makes GAIN to be maximized. For the performance analysis, we model the system as M/M/m/m queueing system, investigate GAIN under various conditions and show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.13 no.7
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• pp.461-468
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate effect of upper cervical stabilization exercise on Temporomandibular Disorder(TMD) and pressure pain threshold. 36 subjects were divided into two groups: upper cervical stabilization exercise group(UCSEG) and control on three times a week for a total of four weeks. The upper cervical stabilization group showed more significant effect than the control group (p <.01, 95% CI: 8.074, 16.899). (p <.01, 95% CI: .826, 3.243). In the change of pressure pain threshold, the upper cervical stabilization group showed significant improvement in both the masticatory muscle(p <.01, 95% CI: .251, 1.382) and masticatory muscle(p <.01, 95% CI: .462, 1.826).The results of this study showed that the upper cervical stabilization exercise was effective that TMD. It will be able to provide more effective interventions for patients suffering from TMD, and to suggest new approaches for TMD patients.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.717-723
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• 2023

Liver disease is highly associated with death, and other abdominal diseases are also important causes affecting a person's lifespan, and a CT scan is essential when treating abdominal diseases. High radiation exposure is essential to create images that are good for reading, but managing the patient's radiation exposure is also essential. In this study, a post-processing wavelet algorithm was proposed to improve the image quality of abdominal CT images. Wavelets have the disadvantage of having to set a threshold value depending on the type of input image. Therefore, we experimentally proposed the threshold value of the wavelet and evaluated whether the image quality was effective. As a result of the experiment, the optimal threshold value for abdominal CT images was calculated to be 50. In the case of image 1, noise was improved by 49% and in the case of image 2, by 29%, and the contrast also increased. if the results of this study are applied for post-processing after abdominal CT, image quality can be improved and it will be helpful in disease diagnosis.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.199-208
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• 2007

The olfactory function of subjects could be different due to various factors such as aging, and such discrepancies influence on the olfactory sensibility. Therefore, the objectives of this study was to investigate changes of olfactory sensibility characteristics and structure in relation to the consideration of olfactory threshold of subject. Stimulants of this study were five standard odor samples of T&T olfactometer, and thirty undergraduates over than 19 years old were tested twice during this study In experiment 1, subjects were given to odor samples which were controlled on the basis of individual olfactory threshold. Whereas, subjects were provided with uncontrolled odor samples which had the same concentration(+1) in experiment 2. Olfactory sensibility characteristics were significantly different with presentation types of odor samples, and these gaps were more higher on condition that the preference of odor sample was not distinct. Moreover, such differences affected the olfactory sensibility structure, and 'esthetic sense', 'intensity', and 'activity' were common factors, but 'friendship' of experiment 1 and 'weight' of experiment 2 were unique factors. In conclusion, the olfactory sensibility characteristics and structure could be different with consideration of olfactory threshold of subject. Overall, this study suggest that the olfactory function and the presentation method of odor sample be regarded as principal consideration factors in the olfactory sensibility evaluation.

• Korean Journal of Forensic Psychology
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.1-22
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• 2022

This study tested the effect of the verdict category of lay-participation trial in Korea on the legal decision of layperson and the role of representation of 'innocent' in the process. Representation of 'innocent' refers to a psychological threshold for deciding someone's innocence (no fault or sin) in a general sense. The functions as a threshold for a legal decision of 'beyond a reasonable doubt (BRD)' and the individual threshold (IT), regarded as a standard for judgment of guilt established by law and an estimate of an individual's threshold, respectively, were compared. This study used a 2×2 complete factorial design in which the verdict category (guilty/innocent vs. guilty/not guilty) and the defendant's likelihood of guilt (low vs. high) were manipulated. Data from 137 lay-people who voluntarily participated in the online experiment was analyzed. The experiment's procedure was in the order of measuring 'representation of innocent' and the likelihood of guilt of an accused, presenting one of four trial vignettes, and obtaining legal decisions (verdict confidence and estimation of the likelihood of guilt for the defendant). As a result, it was found that the verdict category did not significantly affect the legal decision of layperson. However, the guilty verdict rate of the 'guilty/innocent' condition tended to be higher than those of the 'guilty/not guilty' condition. The layperson's representation of 'innocent' and the verdict category had an interaction effect on the difference between BRD and IT (threshold change) at the significance level of .1. In the 'guilty/innocent' condition, the threshold change varying with layperson's representation of 'innocent' was larger than in the 'guilty/not guilty' condition. In comparing the function of BRD and IT, IT significantly predicted the lay person's legal decision at the significance level of .1 by interacting with the likelihood of guilt for the defendant. Therefore, it could be said that IT was a better threshold estimator than BRD. The implication of this study is that it provided experimental evidence for the effect of the verdict category of lay-participation trial in Korea, which is a problem often raised among lawyers, and suggested logical reasoning and empirical grounds for the psychological mechanism of the possible effect.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.30-39
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• 1999

Objectives. This study was carried out to evaluate hearing impairment judgement and to investigate the differences in various diagnostic criteria for noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) among workers who required for close observation (C). Methods. Out of 731,029 workers who had taken the specific periodic health examination in 1994, we used the audiometric data on 37,999 workers (C) eliminating the employees who had previous otologic problems. Many investigators have being using different criteria for the evaluation of hearing impairment. In this study, we used the criteria of early (1989-1994), current, compensation for NIHL in Korea, 2-, 3-, 4-divided classification and hearing loss at 4,000 Hz and compared the evaluation results. Results. The prevalences of C and workers who had occupational disease $(D_1)$ diagnosed for NIHL were 11.1 % and 0.44 %. There were significant difference in the prevalences of C and $D_1$, depending on different province of Korea. Pure tone averages (PTAs) were not appropriately applied in their evaluation 97% of workers whom we studied on were below the level of mild hearing loss judged by ISO standard. However, there were wide variations in the prevalence rate of mild hearing loss by diagnostic criteria. Thus, there were different judgements in determining the degree of NIHL depending on which diagnostic criteria were utilized. PTAs were found 20.54 (Rt) and 20.74 (Lt) when the method of 3-divided classification was applied for audiometric data. The degree of hearing impairment of the left ear was more severe than that of right ear. The prevalence of normal hearing threshold below 20 dB was 75.4% and the range of difference in both ear was below 10 dB. Right sided hearing threshold levels were 21.08 dB (500 Hz), 18.44 dB (1,000 Hz), 22.09 (2,000 Hz) and 52.36 dB (4,000 Hz). There was typical high frequency loss (C5-dip at 4,000 Hz) above 30 - 40 dB in normal hearing level. The increasing trend in hearing threshold level was gradually decreased by the increase of PTAs. The difference between PTAs and threshold at 4,000 Hz was about 10 dB. Conclusions. We could found that PTAs in the previous examination were not appropriately evaluated. This study revealed that they did not use unique criteria for managing the workers of NIHL. For the prevention of NIHL, it was found that the quality control on diagnosis and comprehensive management program were required, especially for those of hearing loss (C).

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.109-116
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• 2000

구강안면 동통중 가장 대표적인 측두하악장애를 치료하는데 있어 전기침 자극요법이 갖는 임상적 치료효과를 평가하기 위하여 측두하악장애 환자군을 환자에 대한 교육 및 온습포를 시행하는 자가치료 환자군, 전기침 자극요법을 시행하는 전기침 자극 환자군, 교합안정장치를 장착하는 구강내 장치장착 환자군, 총 3군으로 구분하였다. 이들 환자군에서 치료전과 치료 1주후 및 1개월 후에 visual analogue scale을 이용한 동통의 정도와 두경부의 근육촉진지수, 하악의 기능이상지수 및 저작근들의 압력통각역치를 측정하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 자가치료 환자군의 1주일 치료후 동통정도, 근육촉진지수 및 기능이상지수가 유의하게 감소되었다. 2. 전기침 자극환자군은 1주일 치료후 동통의 정도가 유의하게 감소하였으면 1개월 치료 후 동통의 정도와 근육촉진지수가 유의하게 감소되었다. 3. 구강내 장치장착환자군은 1주일 치료 후 동통의 정도가 유의하게 감소하고 심부교근의 압력통각역치가 유의하게 감소하였고 심부교근의 압력통각역치가 유의하게 증가되었다.

• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
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• 1987.05a
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• pp.9.1-9
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• 1987

뇌간유발청력검사는 최근 들어 신생아 및 영유아에 있어 청력 및 청신경로의 성숙(auditory maturation)정도를 파악할 수 있는 객관적인 진단 방법으로 평가되고 있다. 그러나 상기 검사결과는 측정계기의 종류 및 측정방법에 따라 다소 차이를 보일 수 있다. 우리나라에서는 아직 정상 신생아를 대상으로 뇌간유발청력검사에 대한 보고가 없는 실정이다. 이에 본 교실에서는 87년 3~4월에 Severance병원에서 출생한 정상 신생아 20명을 대상으로, 출생 후 16내지 69 시간내 두 차례에 걸쳐 뇌간유발 전달시간 및 뇌간유발 역치를 측정, 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었기에 보고하는 바이다. 1) 72.5 ㏈, 4KHz click에 대한 평균 절대적 latency는 각각 I(1.68), II(2.74), III(4.33), IV(5.71), V(6.77), Ⅵ(8.16), Ⅶ(9.85)였고 tone pip은 각각 I(2.04), II(3.04), III(4.60), IV(5.75), V(7.14), Ⅵ(8.54), Ⅶ(10.60) 이었다. 2) 평균 뇌간전위 유발역치는 29.5㏈ SPL 이었다. 3) 파형은 A형이 1.7%, 3형이 30.2%, C형이 45.7%, D형이 5.2%, E형이 1.7%, F형이 15.5%이었고, click과 tone pip, 자극음의 강도, ISI에 따른 차이가 없었다. 4) 제1소파에서 제5소파까지의 절대적 latency와 I- III, III-V,및 I-V의 상대적 latency에 있어서, 반복율, 자극음 종류 및 첫째날과 둘째날의 비교치에 있어서만이 선택적으로 유의한 차이가 발생하였으며, 자극음의 크기에는 차이가 나타나지 않았다.