• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.311-316
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• 2019

Japanese anise (Illicium anisatum L.) leaves and twigs were extracted with 50 % aqueous acetone three times. After filtration, the extracts were fractionated with n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and $H_2O$, and then freeze dried after condensation. Then antioxidation and antiviral activity were evaluated on each fractions. In the antioxidative activities, the results indicated high activity in the EtOAc soluble fraction of the leaves and the EtOAc and $H_2O$ soluble fractions of the twigs. It showed much higher antioxidative value compare to the controls, BHT and ${\alpha}$-tocopherol. In the antiviral activities, the all fractions were negative effects in HRV 1B and EV 71, but good in Influenza PR8. The activities of the crude extracts of the leaves and twigs showed more than 80% activity at the concentration of $10{\mu}g/mL$ and $50{\mu}g/mL$, respectively, and the activities of the EtOAc and $H_2O$ soluble fractions were close to 80%. Based on the above results, the extracts of Japanese anise may be applied for one of the natural biomass sources that can be used as an antioxidant and an antiviral substance.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.54-61
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• 2023

In this paper, the compressive strength, pore characteristics, and chloride diffusion coefficient were measured at 28 days of age in order to examine the influence of curing conditions for the chloride diffusion and pores in concrete cured under extreme condition. According to the test results, the compressive strength was improved as the relative humidity increased. Additionally, higher compressive strength was observed when the specimens were cured at 35℃. However, the compressive strength of specimens cured at 45℃ was decreased. Meanwhile, the chloride diffusion coefficient decreased with an increase in curing temperature and relative humidity, indicating a difference compared to the trend observed for compressive strength. On the other hand, the excellent correlation showed between compressive strength and chloride diffusion coefficient, porosity and chloride diffusion coefficient when the concrete cured under water. However, when the concrete cured under extreme condition, this correlation was significantly reduced compared to the water curing case. In contrast, it has been determined that there is no significant correlation between the average pore size and chloride diffusion coefficient, regardless of the curing conditions.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.845-855
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• 2021

In this study, Camellia sinensis Leaf cultivated in Boseong was extracted by vacuum distillation and hydrothermal extraction methods, and we performed in vitro experiments such as antioxidant, anti-wrinkle, whitening, and antibacterial activity test and HPLC analysis. Wrinkle improvement (elastase inhibition assay) and whitening effect (mushroom tyrosinase inhibition assay) of Boseong vacuum distilled extract have excellent results and IC50 values of vacuum distillation extract was measured at a lower concentration than that of the hydrothermal extract. The antioxidant activity of the Boseong hydrothermal extract was excellently measured in DPPH radical and ABTS+ radical scavenging activity, SOD-like activity, and total polyphenol content. In the antibacterial experiment, the Boseong hydrothermal extract formed a clear zone for the Staphylococcus aureus and Cutibacterium acnes strain. As a result of HPLC analysis, EGCG and caffeine in the hydrothermal extract were 40.29 mg/g, 9.94 mg/g respectively, and caffeine in the vacuum distilled extract was 3.40 mg/g. Therefore, we examined that Boseong Camellia sinensis vacuum distilled extract has excellent anti-wrinkle and whitening effect, and its hydrothermal extract has good antioxidant and antibacterial efficacy.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.143-166
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• 2016

This study aims to consider spiritual therapeutic landscapes thought the case of catholic sacred places in Korea. The catholic sacred places, which have been a series of persecution, are distributed in 300 all over the country and can be divided into a formational type, a selective type, and a participatory type. In the formational type, the catholic sculptures are scattered here and there; but it seems that there are limits somewhat to feel the emotional stability and the experience of caring by God. Because the formational type is deserted or is built up in unnoticeable urban areas. The religious factors, for example, museums, special pray, Station of the Cross, Rosary way, statues of the Virgin Mary, catholic sculptures, etc. in the selective type are placed in the corners of the catholic sacred places to provide the opportunity of holy experience to pilgrims. But the level and the intensity of healing depends on the matter as to how much pilgrims experience religious factors voluntarily. Lastly, the participatory type means the experience of various religious factors following scheduled programs. The experience is for the group of pilgrims, not a person; and the human relationship via the religious experience spiritualizes the network of interest towards other participants. Furthermore, the spiritualized open mind towards other people becomes the power that can arrive at the emotional stability, the relief of stress, and the in-depth and authentic healing. Ultimately, the spiritual healing through religious factors is to realize human finitude and dedicate one's own self to God; in addition, the spiritual therapeutic landscapes are the place that can carry out such a spiritual ritual without any restraint.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.247-253
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• 2007

Determination of crack depth in filed using the self-calibrating surface wane transmission measurement and the cutting frequency in the transmission function (TRF) is very difficult due to variations of the measurement conditions. In this study, it is proposed to use the measured full TRF as a feature for crack depth assessment. A Principal component analysis (PCA) is employed to generate a basis of the measured TRFs for various crack cases. The measured TRFs are represented by their projections onto the most significant principal components. Then artificial neural networks (NNs) using the PCA-compressed TRFs is applied to assess the crack in concrete. Experimental study is carried out for five different crack cases to investigate the effectiveness of the proposed method. Results reveal that the proposed method can be effectively used for the crack depth assessment of concrete structures.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.31-41
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• 2011

The $LCCO_2$ evaluation programs previously developed in Korea involve limitations in establishing strategies of reducing environmental loads to optimal level in a way to put in materials directly after designing. Therefore, this study has the purpose to extract and propose elements required for the establishment of highly accurate system by counteracting swiftly in a method with high energy efficiency over cost at planning stage. To that end, existing $LCCO_2$ evaluation programs in Korea and abroad were compared and analyzed, and in the planning stage, GEM-21P and Carbon-navigator intended for the establishment of building energy performance improving strategy were selected as the evaluation program for survey. On such basis, after comparison and analysis between $LCCO_2$ calculating methods and system structures of the two programs, elements required for system establishment that can evaluate life-cycle environmental loads of building in planning stage were proposed.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.122-122
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• 2012

본 연구의 목적은 한국형 녹색성장 협력 모델을 기반으로 한국의 대(對) 메콩지역 진출 방안을 모색하는 것이다. 메콩 유역은 중국의 운남성 지방, 미얀마, 라오스, 태국, 캄보디아, 베트남 등 6개국이 위치하고 있는데 이 지역은 세계 경제 침체에도 불구하고 높은 경제 성장률을 달성하고 있다. 이에 따라 세계 각국이 개발사업 선점을 위한 치열한 경쟁을 벌이고 있으며 일본, 미국, 중국이 발 빠르게 영향력을 확장하고 있다. 한국은 지난해 메콩 5개국의 외교장관을 서울로 초청하여 회담을 개최하여 메콩 지역 진출의 교두보를 마련하였으나 최근 세계 각국이 메콩 지역의 개발사업 진출을 위해 적극적으로 노력하고 있는 상황에서 선진국과 차별적인 경쟁우위를 살릴 수 있는 방안의 모색이 필요하다. 따라서 본 연구는 2008년 이명박 정부가 제시한 신성장 패러다임인 녹색성장 모델과, 물관리 정책과 사업을 접목시킨 물과 녹색성장 공적개발원조 및 무나싱해(Munasinghe)의 지속가능한 경제(Sustainomics)가설을 이론적으로 고찰하여 대(對) 메콩유역 협력 방안 모델을 설계하였다. 이 지역이 급속한 경제 성장으로 전력수요가 증가하고 있고, 환경오염에 대한 우려를 잠식시키고 국가의 에너지 안보를 위해 높은 수입 석유 의존율을 낮춰야한다는 점 등을 고려해보았을 때 메콩 유역의 수력발전이 이 지역의 녹색성장을 위한 큰 동력이 될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. 뿐만 아니라 홍수방재 효과, 전력 수출로 인한 소득 창출은 이 지역의 사회발전으로 이어질 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. 그러므로 본 연구는 자금조달 방식, 외교적 접근, 기술적 접근, 제도적 접근 방식을 제시하여 단계적으로 대(對) 메콩유역 한국형 물과 녹생성장 ODA의 나아가야 할 방향을 모색해 보았다. 제시된 협력 모델을 기반으로 점차 한국이 메콩 유역의 수력발전산업으로 진출하고 더 나아가 이지역의 영향력을 확대하는 데 큰 도움이 될 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.383-389
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• 2019

The supply of natural aggregate for concrete has been difficult, and the amount of construction waste has been continuously increasing. Therefore, the necessity of using recycled aggregate made of construction waste as aggregate is rised. Therefore, many studies on the characteristics of concrete using recycled aggregate have been made and positive studies have been reported mainly in recent studies. A study on the chlorides binding effect of the mortar with recycled coarse aggregate has been reported. However, due to the user's perception of waste, most of the recycled aggregate currently produced is used only for low value-added products. In order to improve the recognition of recycled aggregate and the user's perception of recycled aggregate concrete, long-term monitoring of the structure with 100% recycled aggregate was conducted to confirm the applicability of the recycled aggregate concrete.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.849-854
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• 2022

In this study, the anti-inflammatory effect of supercritical carbon dioxide selective extracts, which extract decursin and decursinol angelate, the vital active ingredients of Angelica gigas Nakai, in high yield, was measured compared to that of ethanol extracts. To measure the anti-inflammatory effect, the production of nitric oxide(NO), an inflammatory mediator, and interleukin(IL)-6 and IL-8, inflammatory cytokines, was measured. NO production was measured by Griess assay on Raw 264.7 cells induced inflammatory response by lipopolysaccharide(LPS), and IL-6 and IL-8 production was measured by enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assay(ELISA) on human keratinocyte cell line(HaCaT) cells induced inflammatory response by tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α. The amount of NO production was suppressed outstandingly by the supercritical carbon dioxide extracts compared to the ethanol extracts. The amount of IL-6 and IL-8 production was increased by the ethanol extracts, whereas statistically significantly inhibited by supercritical carbon dioxide extracts at the concentration of 6.25 ㎍/mL(P<0.01). Through these results, we confirmed that the supercritical carbon dioxide selective extracts of Angelica gigas Nakai could be used as an anti-inflammatory cosmeceutical material to alleviate atopic dermatitis.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.518-525
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• 1995

목적 : 안구제거술 후에 삽입한 hydroxyapatite 안구보충물내로 혈관신생이 완전하게 일어 나는 시기를 알아보기 위함이다. 방법 : 안구제거술을 받은 43예의 환자(남자 33예, 여자 10예, 14-56세)에게 대부분 변경되지 않은 방법으로 hydroxyapatite 안구보충물을 삽입한 후 10-23주 사이에 다양한 간격(10-12 주 2예, 13-16주 18예, 17-20주 20예, 21-23주 3예)을 두고 $^{99m}Tc-MDP$ 골주사를 시행하여 보충물내로의 혈관신생 정도를 전향적으로 측정하였다. 정면 및 측면촬영의 정적영상에서 안구보충물의 방사능섭취가 비교(nasal bridge)의 방사능섭취보다 약할 경우를 grade 1, 같을 경을 grade 2, 강할 경우를 grade 3로 나누었으며 grade 2와 3을 혈관신생이 완전하다고 정의하였다. 또한 43예 모두에서 방사능섭취 정도와 관계없이 안구보충물 삽입후 평균 21주되는 시기에 안구보충물에 구멍을 내어 이 구멍으로부터의 출혈여부를 확인한 후 운동성나사(motility peg)를 끼워 의안(prosthesis)과 연결하였다. 43예중 7예에서는 $^{99m}Tc-MDP$ 골주사와 조영제주입후의 자기공명영상(Gd-DTPA T1-weighted images)을 같은 날짜에 시행하여 각각의 예에서 방사능섭취 정도와 조영제증강 정도를 비교하였다. 결과 : 안구보충물내로 완전하게 혈관신생이 일어났던 grade 2와 3의 비율은 안구보충물삽입후 10-12주에서는 0%, 13-16주 33%, 17-20주 50%, 21-23주 67%로써 시간경과에 따라 점차 증가하였다. 골주사소견에 관계없이 안구보충물 삽입후 평균 21주되는 시기에 보충물 앞쪽에 구멍을 내었을 때 43예 모두에서 완전한 혈관신생을 의미하는 출혈을 볼 수 있었다. $^{99m}Tc-MDP$ 골주사와 조영제주입후의 자기공명영상을 둘 다 시행한 7예 각각에서 방사능섭취의 정도와 조영제증강의 정도가 거의 일치하였다. 결론 : 본 예비연구의 결과로써 hydroryapatite 안구보충물 삽입후 21주째에 $^{99m}Tc-MDP$ 골주사를 시행하는 것이 좋을 것으로 생각되며, hydroxyapatite 안구보충물내로의 완전한 혈관신생 여부를 보는 데에는 $^{99m}Tc-MDP$ 골주사가 조영제주입후의 자기공명영상보다 더 경제적이라고 할 수 있겠다.