• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.365-379
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• 2001

This paper presents an echo-hydraulic experimental approach to assessment of ascending capacity of migratory fish in a baffled fishway. Sweetfish, Plecoglossus altivelis, trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, are used in these experiments. Ascending environment of the migratory fish in rivers is analyzed through the results of taco-hydraulic experiments. Important factors affecting the ascending capacity of migratory fish in baffled fishways are the discharge and slope of fishways and the fall height between the fishway entrance and the river bed. In these fishways the migratory capacity of sweetfish for a given fishway discharge is mainly affected by fishway slope, whereas the ascending capacity of trout for a given fishway slope was influenced by the change of fishway discharge. Loss of ascending properties of landlocked salmon, Oncorhynchus masou var ishikawai, was confirmed by these experiments. An ascending hydraulic criteria of the baffled fishway is defined by means of dimensionless factor F$_{f}$ and falling head H$_{f}$. Ascending capacity of migratory fish in existing baffled fishways in river of eastern coastal region is poor because the slope of fishways is verb steep.eep.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.381-390
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• 2001

This is to evaluate the ascending capacity of migratory fish in the pool and weir type fishways. Ascending environment of the migratory fish in rivers is analyzed through eco-hydraulic experiments using sweetfish, Plecoglossus altivelis, trout, Oncorhnchus mykiss, and surveying the fall height of existing pool and weir type fishways. When the fall height is less than 16.0cm, the ascending capacity of sweetfish in the pool and weir type fishways is greater than trout. On the other hand when the fall height is over 20.0 cm, the ascending capacity of trout is greater than sweetfish. A sweetfish may prefer to jump for upward moving than trout. And its endurance after upward jumping over wear is greater than that of sweetfish. Because of high fall height of existing pool and weir type fishways the migratory environment in rivers is so poor. When the pool and weir type fishways are designed and constructed in river the fall height of weir must be considered for the variety of migratory fish living in river and the fall height of weir less than 20.0cm is suggested.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.527-531
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• 2007

하천내에서 작은 물고기의 국지적인 회유 또는 이동 습성은 먹이를 구하고, 산란 및 성장과 집단에서 분산하고, 위험으로부터 도피하는 것에 밀접한 연관이 있다. 하천의 합류부와 연결부에 제방(levee), 도로(road) 등이 설치되는 경우 일반적으로 암거형태의 인공수로로 상 하류를 연결되는데, 암거내 수리특성상 평수시 저유량, 고유속, 저수심의 수리특성을 보인다. 이러한 수리특성은 물고기가 이동하는데 장애(barrier)가 되어 생태적으로 하천내 종다양성 감소와 일부 어종의 멸종을 초래한다. 어도 설치시 설계기준에서 가장 주목할 부분은 어도를 이용할 대상어종의 범위와 유영능력이다. 하천설계기준(2005, 한국수자원학회)에서 제시된 물고기의 유영능력은 대부분 국외 어종을 대상으로 외국에서 실험한 결과를 이용하고 있다. 그러므로 이러한 기준이 국내 어종에 대해 적합한지에 대한 검토가 필요하다. 본 실험의 목적은 국지회유성인 피라미와 각시붕어가 인공수로를 통과할 때의 유영행동 중 소상성공율과 유영속력을 평가하고자 함이다. 유영행동의 실험방법은 Brett(1967)에 의해 제안된 2가지 방법인 증진유속방법과 고정유속 방법중에서 물고기의 이동경로와 소상능력을 확인하기에 용이한 고정유속방법을 사용하였다. 또한, 효과적인 실험을 위해 실험어종(피라미 100마리, 각시붕어 100마리)이 실험 중에 최적의 건강상태를 유지할 수 있도록 물고기의 적응 기간(24시간)과 실험 중 휴식기간을 두었다. 실험결과 체형이 방추형(fujiform)인 피라미의 경우 평균유속 $0.7{\sim}0.8m/s$구간에서 소상성공율이 61%에서 26%로 급격하게 하락하는 현상이 나타났다. 그리고 측편형(compressiform)의 체형을 가진 각시붕어의 경우 평균유속 0.4m/s에서 소상성공율이 25%로 나타났으며 그 이상의 유속에서는 10%이하로 나타났다. 실험어종의 이동경로를 분석한 결과 대부분 수로바닥에 밀착하여 최저유속구간을 이용하여 이동하는 것으로 나타났으며, 이동경로의 지점유속은 평균 유속의 70%정도로 나타났다. 실제 하천에 설치된 인공수로가 생태통로의 기능을 유지하기 위해서는 평상시 수리특성이 대상어종의 유영능력을 초과하지 않도록 설계되어야 한다. 특히, 하천에 설치된 인공수로의 길이가 $5{\sim}10m$정도일 경우라면 피라미의 소상 가능성을 50% 이상 확보하기 위해서는 평수시 설계유속이 0.7m/s를 초과하지 않아야 할 것으로 판단된다.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.376-390
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• 2016

The purpose of present study is to investigate mediating effects of emotional labor in the links between communication ability of small businessmen and customer orientation behavior. In detail, it is demonstrated both impacts of communication ability on customer orientation behavior and emotional labor (surface acting, deep acting), and of emotional labor (surface acting, deep acting) on customer orientation behavior. Furthermore, mediating effects of emotional labor (surface acting, deep acting) will be verified. The data for analysis was collected from 270 employees in small businessmen located in Jeju. The results are as follows. First, the main impacts of communication ability on customer orientation behavior and emotional labor (surface acting, deep acting) were statistically significant, in addition, emotional labor (surface acting) was positively associated with customer orientation behavior. Surface acting as a mediator was partially mediated the relation. The result will help to understand the importance for communication ability in small businessmen, and it suggests the crucial implecation in the communication study of service suppliers.

• Journal of Venture Innovation
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.131-149
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• 2024

This study was important considering the prevalence of small business owners in the Korean economy and the challenges they faced amidst an economic downturn. The business performance of these owners was crucial for their survival. Thus, an empirical analysis was conducted to identify factors influencing their management performance. The analysis included personal characteristics of small business owners such as innovativeness, management capability, need for achievement, and technical capability as independent variables, along with product differentiation factors. Additionally, the moderating effect of social capital on these variables and their impact on management performance was tested. To achieve this, a survey targeting small business owners across Korea was conducted, and data from 250 respondents were utilized. Hierarchical regression analysis using SPSS 24.0 was employed for the empirical analysis. The results indicated that management capability, need for achievement, and product differentiation significantly positively impacted business performance. However, the impact of innovativeness and technical capability was not tested. The influence of the variables on business performance ranked as follows: product differentiation, management capability, and need for achievement. The moderating effect of social capital was significant in the relationship between management capability, need for achievement, and management performance, enhancing these relationships. However, the moderating effect of social capital on the relationship between innovativeness, technical capability, product differentiation, and management performance was not tested. These findings underscored the importance of management capability, need for achievement, and product differentiation as key factors affecting the management performance of Korean small businesses. This study was significant as it provided insights into improving the management performance of small business owners in challenging economic conditions by highlighting how the influence of these factors varied depending on the social capital possessed by the owners.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.2103-2107
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• 2009

우리나라는 계절별 강수량 변화가 크기 때문에 하천개발 및 관리에 어려움이 많을 뿐만 아니라 하천에 설치된 많은 취수보와 같은 하천횡단구조물로 인해서 하천 생태계가 악화되어 있다. 최근 들어 하천생태 복원을 위하여 자연형 하천 조성사업과 보에 어도설치가 활발하게 이루어지고 있다. 그러나 어류 소상에 효과적인 어도를 설치하기 위해서는 하천에 서식하는 다양한 어류에 대한 어류역학적인 특성이 필요하나 이에 대한 조사연구는 미흡한 실정이다. 특히 어류의 유영력이나 도약력은 어도의 설계의 완성도 및 어도시설 운영관리에서 대단히 중요한 요소이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 우리나라 하천에 널리 서식하는 어류인 피라미를 대상으로 도약능력에 관하여 실험하였다. 어류의 도약능력은 낙차가 있는 흐름에서 어류가 상류로 이동하기 위한 중요한 이동수단이다. 어류의 도약에 영향을 미치는 어도 인자로는 격벽높이, 월류수심, 유속, 어도경사 및 유량을 들 수 있다. 피라미의 도약능력 실험은 폭 28cm, 길이 140cm인 개수로에서 격벽높이는 5${\sim}$10cm, 월류수심 1.2${\sim}$5cm, 낙차 약 4cm의 조건으로 이루어졌다. 실험유량은 약 0.378${\ell}$/s이고, 경사는 1:20${\sim}$1:15 이다. 도약능력은 소상율의 크기로 판단하였으며 피라미의 소상율은 격벽높이 10cm와 월류수심 3cm에서 유속 4.19cm/sec일 때를 정점으로 유속의 증가에 따라 급격히 감소하였다. 이는 어류의 생태적인 특성과 작은 유속이 어류이동 유인효과에 영향이 작기 때문인 것으로 판단된다. 또한 피라미의 체장이 클수록 소상율도 증가하는 관계를 나타내었다.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.55 no.1
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• pp.99-109
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• 2022

This study was intended to suggest the applicability of stepped boulder fishway using the concept of traditional boulder weir, focusing on the problems of existing concrete pool-and-weir fishways installed in mountain streams. To achieve this purpose, a stepped boulder fishway was designed and constructed as a pilot project in consideration of ascending capacity of the selected target fishes. Under the given discharge conditions, the hydraulic characteristics of the fishway were investigated in the field, and the characteristics and ascending capacity of the fishes were compared and analyzed. The fishway had a short length and steep slope, but the mean drops between each baffle were the range of 0.15 to 0.29 m, and this range satisfied the limit condition of about 0.40 m, which was in the limit of the drop that target fishes can ascend. The mean velocities of each baffle and pool were 0.82 to 0.87 m/sec and 0.13 to 0.24 m/sec. This result satisfied the conditions of burst speed (10 to 30 times of body length) and mean velocity of the resting pool (7 to 25% of burst speed) for target fishes. Since the bottom surface of the pool formed of boulders had a gentle reverse slope and rotational flow did not occur, the efficiency of fishway can be increased, and it will also be possible to solve the maintenance problem by flushing bed materials.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.139-155
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• 2022

This paper presented a research model to investigate the relationship between the psychological traits of small business entrepreneurs and entrepreneurial orientation and the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and performance. To verify the research model, a total of 202 entrepreneurs in Daegu were surveyed and the data obtained were used. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS and AMOS. The results of the analysis showed that all of the psychological traits except 'Agreeableness' and 'Extroversion' among the small business entrepreneur's psychological trait had a positive(+) effect on entrepreneurial orientation. In addition, it was confirmed that entrepreneurship orientation had a positive(+) effect on performance, and government policy funding had a moderating effect between entrepreneurship orientation and performance. In conclusion, the causal relationship between the small business entrepreneur's psychological traits and entrepreneurial orientation is examined, and the moderating effect of government support programs is examined to find out what psychological traits of small business entrepreneurs affect the expression of entrepreneurial orientation. In addition, since entrepreneurial orientation affects performance and government policy funds control, it suggests that continuous financial support for small business entrepreneurs is needed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2015.07a
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• pp.509-512
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• 2015

국내 자영업자의 수는 매년 증가하고 있으나 판로나 홍보 부족으로 인해 폐업하는 자영업자의 수가 급격하게 증가하고 있다. 대형 FC는 별도의 마케팅을 지원하는 조직을 보유하고 있어 홍보나 판촉에 용이하지만 개인 소상공인들은 주로 전통적인 광고수단인 전단이나 판촉물을 통해 홍보함에 따라 수익 창출에 어려움이 있다. 최근 고속 네트워크 발전과 다양한 고성능 스마트 단말의 보급으로 홍보할 수 있는 매체와 채널이 다양화되고 있다. 그러나 소상공인들은 이러한 환경을 적극적으로 이용할 수 없는 상황이다. 따라서 IT 활용 능력을 통해 소상공인이 손쉽게 이용하기 위한 경쟁력 있는 다차원 홍보물을 활용한 소상공인 점포지원 서비스가 필요하다. 본 연구 과제에서는 다차원 홍보물을 활용한 소상공인 점포지원 서비스 시스템 및 UI 개발을 수행한다. 이를 통해 고객의 점포 재방문율을 향상시켜 소상공인들의 이익 창출을 증대할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 다차원 홍보물을 활용한 소상공인 점포지원 서비스 시스템 및 UI 개발을 위해 소상공인 점포들이 이용 가능한 서비스 시나리오 개발, 고객 정보 관리 기능 개발, 다양한 형태의 메시지 전송 기술 개발과 시험 테스트를 수행한다. 본 용역 과제는 (1) 다차원 홍보물을 활용하여 고객 재방문율을 향상하는 서비스 시나리오 개발, (2) 고객 정보 관리 기능 개발, (3) SMS, MMS, 애플리케이션 등을 이용한 다양한 형태의 메시지 전송 기술 개발, (4) 고객 정보 관리와 다차원 홍보물 전송이 수행 가능한 형태의 UI 개발, (5) 소상공인 점포지원 서비스 시스템 프로토타입 개발 부분으로 구분하여 진행되었다.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.37 no.7
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• pp.541-552
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• 2004

In this paper, ascending functions of the pool-and-weir fishway which has been established for the upstream migration of migratory fish at Jamsil Weir in the lower part of the Han River was assessed by applying tile Existing Fishway Measurement Method, and measures to improve these functions were suggested. The primary fish which ascended the fishway during the period of measurement was Erythroculter erythropterus Basilewsky, greater than 29cm in the body length. A total of 361 individual fish were collected with traps established at the exit of the fishway The maximum ascending capacity for the fish was 2.53${\times}$10^{-3}$ fish/hr/g. The fishway of Jamsil Weir does not satisfy the various fish species inhabiting in the river. Especially, small fishes of lower swimming ability may not ascend the fishway because the difference in water levels between upper and lower pools in the fishway was too large at the exit and there was too much discharge flowing into the fishway. This fishway does not have a roll in the ascending function for other species except Erythroculter erythropterus Basilewsky and Hemibarbus labeo Pallas, for which swimming ability is great. In order to improve the ascending function of the fishway, the structures of the fishway need to be changed so that various species in the river can easily ascend and the fishway function be taken into consideration in operation of the gates of the weir. Additional construction of fishways on both sides of the lower flow channel are needed to correct a decline in the fishway effectiveness due to continuous flow over the fixed part of the weir.