• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.48 no.12
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• pp.1348-1353
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• 2005

Purpose : Influenza is a respiratory disease which prevails widely every year and shows high morbidity and mortality among not only chronic invalids and the old, but also among infants and young children. To prevent community-acquired influenza infection, to facilitate prompt antiviral therapy and to avoid unnecessary use of antibiotics, an easy, rapid diagnostic method for the influenza virus is needed. We evaluated a lateral-flow immunoassay(QuickVue Influenza Test), compared to viral culture. Methods : During two consecutive years from Jan. 2004 to June 2004 and from Feb. 2005 to Jan. 2005, 408 patients who were suffering from fever, cough and/or sore throat and myalgia were enrolled in our study. A total of 408 patients were tested with $QuickVue^{(R)}$(Quidel Co., San Diego, USA) influenza rapid antigen test and virus cultures at the same time. Results : Of the 408 patients tested, children who showed positive results at the virus culture numbered 77; among them, 55(71.4 percent) were type A/H3N2 and 22(28.5 percent) were type B. QuickVue influenza test had a sensitivity of 71.4 percent and a specificity of 95.8 percent. The positive and negative predictive values were 79.7 percent and 93.5 percent, respectively. Conclusion : In our study, this test had comparable high sensitivity and high specificity and many advantages, such as being easy to perform and simple to interpret, and showing rapid results. If rapid influenza antigen tests are widely applied in the clinic, we can begin treatment more rapidly and reduce influenza complications and the abuse of antibiotics.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.14 no.7
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• pp.586-603
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• 2004

One of the subtle problems that make noise control difficult for engineers is “the invisibility of noise or sound.” The visual image of noise often helps to determine an appropriate means for noise control. There have been many attempts to fulfill this rather challenging objective. Theoretical or numerical means to visualize the sound field have been attempted and as a result, a great deal of progress has been accomplished, for example in the field of visualization of turbulent noise. However, most of the numerical methods are not quite ready to be applied practically to noise control issues. In the meantime, fast progress has made it possible instrumentally by using multiple microphones and fast signal processing systems, although these systems are not perfect but are useful. The state of the art system is recently available but still has many problematic issues : for example, how we can implement the visualized noise field. The constructed noise or sound picture always consists of bias and random errors, and consequently it is often difficult to determine the origin of the noise and the spatial shape of noise, as highlighted in the title. The first part of this paper introduces a brief history, which is associated with “sound visualization,” from Leonardo da Vinci's famous drawing on vortex street (Fig. 1) to modern acoustic holography and what has been accomplished by a line or surface array. The second part introduces the difficulties and the recent studies. These include de-Dopplerization and do-reverberation methods. The former is essential for visualizing a moving noise source, such as cars or trains. The latter relates to what produces noise in a room or closed space. Another mar issue associated this sound/noise visualization is whether or not Ivecan distinguish mutual dependence of noise in space : for example, we are asked to answer the question, “Can we see two birds singing or one bird with two beaks?"

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.71-86
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• 2000

According to Torrance, it is said that about 30% of feeble-headed children are bearing potential brilliant quality. Such potential gifted children exist really much more than children who appear to show their own brilliant quality. Nevertheless, research activity to reveal children's potential giftedness has not been relatively actively progressed. Renzulli, Smith and so on progresses research activity to reveal children's potential giftedness and strategies developed by them are being used widely all over the world, but these strategies show the defect that children can not overcome by themselves the interfered factors influenced negatively on their gift revelation. Russian scholar Babaeva made the effective education program to develop children's potential giftedness. Her program includes various activity methods or mental correct activity and psychological training activity and such training activity is realized through some steps and each step has it's own purpose and realization method. With the result that children discriminated as common children by the experimental study which is progressed by the present program participate, their standard of intelligence and originality showed the improved effect of the similar standard to children factors not a little influencing on children's giftedness development process but she also developed the leading concrete study method for the children to overcome this by themselves. In this paper, the present writer will examine potential giftedness development program researched in Russia and discuss their theoretic background and concrete activity course, activity result. Through this, children's have the excellent abilities in various spheres, this writer will obtain significant suggestions to educate the potential gifted children who do not display their own potentialities and do not receive a favor from gifted children program.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.487-495
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• 1996

The consumer perception on health and food habit, the experience of health food use and the discrimination between health food and drug of Korean consumer were surveyed by using a questionnaire containing 20 items in order to obtain the basic data for the assessment of the benefit and risk of health foods in Korea. A total of 1,000 people over 20 years of age living in Seoul and the vicinities were interviewed and asked to fill out the questionnaire during the period from the October 1995 to the February 1996. Among the 882 answers collected 23 was incomplete data, and 859 answers were used for the statistical analysis by using SAS program. The survey revealed a strong interest of the consumer on health food by showing that more than a half of the subjects (58.8%) had the experience of actual use of health food, and 68.2% believed the effectiveness. What the consumer expect most from health food was to have beneficial effect to maintain overall health condition (59.8%), and the most negative aspect of health food was the overstatement on the effectiveness by the producers (52.1%). The most important source of information for the purchase of health food was the suggestion of friends and relatives (30.6%). Among the health foods registered and regulated by the food law, royal jelly (22.7%), squalene (16.0%), refined fish oil (15.1%), lactic acid bacteria (10.6%) and aloe (8.8%) were relatively well aware. Although 84% of the subjects perceived that health food is different from drug or traditional medicine, the largest percentage of the subject selected ginseng as the most well known type of health food (22.7%) as well as the most well known drug (or traditional medicine) (41.7%). Ginseng was also chosen as the most frequently used health food (17.0%), and vitamin tablets the third (13.0%). The vague definition of health food and unambiguous discrimination of it from medicine by the consumers were problematic for the correct use and reasonable purchasing behavior. The clear definition and proper regulation on the manufacture and distribution of health food, more strict control of labelling and advertisement, and a wide consumer education on health food were recommended.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.15 no.9
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• pp.637-648
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• 2009

As the cost of disks decreases, PCs are soon expected to be equipped with a disk of 1TB or more. Assuming that a single person generates 1GB of data per month, 1TB is enough to store data for the entire lifetime of a person. This has lead to the growth of researches on lifelog management, which manages what people see and listen to in everyday life. Although many different lifelog management systems have been proposed, including those based on the relational data model, based on ontology, and based on file systems, they have all advantages and disadvantages: Those based on the relational data model provide good query processing performance but they do not support complex queries properly; Those based on ontology handle more complex queries but their performances are not satisfactory: Those based on file systems support only keyword queries. Moreover, these systems are lack of support for lifelog group management and do not provide a convenient user interface for modifying and adding tags (metadata) to lifelogs for effective lifelog search. To address these problems, we propose a lifelog management system based on the relational data model. The proposed system models lifelogs by using the relational data model and transforms queries on lifelogs into SQL statements, which results in good query processing performance. It also supports a simplified relationship query that finds a lifelog based on other lifelogs directly related to it, to overcome the disadvantage of not supporting complex queries properly. In addition, the proposed system supports for the management of lifelog groups by providing ways to create, edit, search, play, and share them. Finally, it is equipped with a tagging tool that helps the user to modify and add tags conveniently through the ion of various tags. This paper describes the design and implementation of the proposed system and its various applications.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.124-131
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• 2004

Purpose: To validate and introduce the technique of the arthroscopic repair for the treatment of the Subscapulris tendon tear. Materials and Methods: From April 2003 to April 2004, Arthroscopic repairs were performed in 8 patient with subscapularis tendon tear. The mean follow-up period was 11months. two cases involved only subscaplaris tendon tear. Four cases were associated small sized posterosuperir. rotator cuff tear and two cases were in large size. The type of subscapularis tendon showed upper portion full-thickness tear in 6 cases, partial-thickness tear localized at articular surface in 1 case, complete tear in 1 case. The results were analyzed by using subjective satisfaction, inferior movenent of superior displaced humeral head, Constant-Murley functional scoring Results: Constant-Murley scoring was improved from 55 point preoperatively to 75 point postoperatively following 11 months. Mean score was 71 point except 2 cases of large superoposterior rotator cuff tear, Most humeral heads were distaracted postoperatively. The subjective result for the 8 shoulders were very satisfying in 5 cases, satisfying in 1 case and dissatisfying in 2 cases. Therefore satisfactory results were noted in 6 cases (75%) of this overall treatment group. Conclusion: The arthroscopic repair for the subscapularis tendon tear is thought to be available method, which could reduce severe complications following the weakness of deltoid muscle and postoperative pain. Especially Partial Subscapularis tear not associated with superoposterior rotator cuff tear including PASTA lesion was the sutable indication of the Arthroscopic repair.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.79-89
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• 2006

The aim of this study is to know how the rat submandibular gland changes under various emotional stress condition, using molecular biological methods. Restraint and chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) experiment is conducted on fifty one 7-week old Sprague-Dawley rats (restraint stress experiment: 21, CUMS: 30). The rats were sacrificed, the submandibular glands were excised immediately at certain time, and examined by the use of immunohistochemistry and western blotting. In CUMS experiment, sucrose preference test, water intake change, weight change were implemented at 1 week interval for the experimental period The results are as follows: 1. The number of clusterin-secreting cells of restraint stress group compared to control group showed significantly decreasing tendency in all experimental groups except for the 1st hour group (p<0.001 in the 9th, 24th, 72nd, 120th, and 168th hour group). 2. The number of clusterin-secreting cells of CUMS group compared to control group showed significantly increasing tendency in the 2nd week group (p<0.01), and significantly decreasing tendency in the 4th and 5th week group (p<0.001). 3. Sucrose preference test in CUMS experiment showed significant difference between the 5th week experimental group and control group (p<0.01). 4. Weight change in CUMS experiment showed significant difference between the 5th week experimental group and control group (p<0.01), but water intake change didn't show significant difference compared to control group. 5. In western blot analysis, clusterin expression was decreased on a gradual basis in due time compared to the control group in the restraint stress group. As for CUMS group (chronic unpredictable mild stress group), it was increased till the 2nd week and decreased till the 5th week after that, which is similar to immunohistochemical analysis result and the decreasing tendency of sucrose preference and weigh changes. Through the test, it was proved that expression of clusterin in saliva glands decreases after receiving either acute or chronic stress, indicating relation with depression caused by chronic stress. Unlike other data, however, apoptotic tendency was hardly found in tissues. Diverse possibilities could be suggested on that: first, the stress was not enough to expedite apoptosis; second, apoptosis-related protein was already being secreted though not detected with microscope; third, clusterin, a major secretion molecule of saliva, decreased with saliva's malfunction due to stress. In the respect, it will be necessary to examine proteins expressed in case of cell death or other heat-shock proteins at the same time, in order to see whether any cellular change or death is caused by decreasing clusterin under high stress, and whether the original state is restored as time goes by under mild stress, through longer-term tests using even higher acute stress.

• Journal of The Korean Ophthalmological Society
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• v.59 no.11
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• pp.1017-1023
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• 2018

Purpose: A recently introduced phacoemulsification system, the WhiteStar $Signature^{(R)}$ PRO, has demonstrated improved nucleus followability and cutting efficiency via an improved pump regulator with a higher reaction response and an automatic occlusion sensing system. In this study, we compared various phacoemulsification parameters between the new system and an older version of the device. Methods: A total of 80 eyes of 68 patients with cataracts who had undergone phacoemulsification by a single surgeon were included in this study. Forty eyes of patients underwent phacoemulsification using the older $Signature^{(R)}$ system (WhiteStar); these patients were classified as the control group. Another 40 eyes of patients underwent phacoemulsification with the newer enhanced system, the WhiteStar $Signature^{(R)}$ PRO; these patients were assigned to the experimental group. During the operation, operative parameters, including the effective phaco time (parameter of effective phaco time with a specific coefficient for the transversal movement expressed in seconds, EFX), ultrasound time (seconds [s]), effective phacoemulsification time (EPT, s), average phacoemulsification power (AVG, %), and balanced salt solution usage, were measured to determine the performance enhancement offered by the updated system. Central corneal thickness was measured before and after surgery to compare corneal edema. The relationships between the two groups were analyzed using an independent t-test. Results: The Signature $PRO^{(R)}$ system showed a lower EFX (p < 0.001), a shorter EPT (p < 0.001), and a smaller AVG (p < 0.001). Postoperative corneal thickness did not differ significantly between the two groups. Conclusions: Comparing the efficacy of the improved reaction speed of the device and automatic occlusion sensing system in performing phacoemulsification, the updated Signature $PRO^{(R)}$ system demonstrated superior followability and cutting efficiency regardless of nuclear cataract hardness.

• The Korean Journal of Blood Transfusion
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.127-135
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• 2012

Background: Despite modern advances in laboratory automated medicine, work-process in the blood bank is still handled manually. Several automated immunohematological instruments have been developed and are available in the market. The IH-1000 (Bio-Rad Laboratories, Hercules, CA, USA), a fully automated instrument for immunohematology, was recently introduced. In this study, we evaluated the performance of the IH-1000 for ABO/Rh typing and irregular antibody screening. Methods: In October 2011, a total of 373 blood samples for ABO/Rh typing and 303 cases for unexpected antibody screening were collected. The IH-1000 was compared to the manual tube and slide methods for ABO/Rh typing and to the microcolumn agglutination method (DiaMed-ID system) for antibody screening. Results: For ABO/Rh typing, concordance rate was 100%. For unexpected antibody screening, positive results for both column agglutination and IH-1000 were observed in 10 cases (four cases of anti-E and c, three of anti-E, one of anti-D, one of anti-M, and one of anti-Xg) and negative results for both were observed in 289 cases. The concordance rate between IH-1000 and column agglutination was 98.7%. Sensitivity and specificity were 90.9% and 99.3%, respectively. Conclusion: The automated IH-1000 showed good correlation with the manual tube and slide methods and the microcolumn agglutination method for ABO-RhD typing and irregular antibody screening. The IH-1000 can be used for routine pre-transfusion testing in the blood bank.

• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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• no.73
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• pp.445-473
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• 2018

This article deals with the reason for translating Korean Chinese written classics and the image of the person performing the translation. The scope of the research was restricted to South Korea and the translation value of translating the Korean classical texts from the 1960s to the 2018. In the 1960s and 1970s, the discourse of national culture and the Classical Sinology(漢學) discourse centered around the Minjokmunwhachujinhwe(民族文化推進會, National Culture Promotion Association). The discourse of the national culture was paired with the modernization, and the discourse of Classical Sinology(漢學) discourse was a certain antagonism to the discourse of modernization. The translator stereotype in this periods was close to a Classical Sinology(漢學) who could wright Korean letters. The discourse of the national culture led to the establishment of The Academy of Korean Studies by pairing with the discourse of the spiritual culture, and then changed into Korean study discourse in the 1980s. Since the mid 80s, the theory of translation has been introduced byo Kim Yong-ok. The translation of the Chosun dynasty annals, which started in the 70s, made the classical translation discourse in the classical translation field into the national project efficiency discourse. To the Early achievement of state-led gigantic project through group translation, they emphasized coherence and efficiency. On the contrary, the individuality of the translators and aspects of in-depth research have weakened. This discourse also influenced until the early 2000s. These large translation projects were produced by professional translator group. With the establishment of the Institute for the Translation of Korean Classics(Hankuk Kojon Bunyukwon) in 2007, he foundation for the stability of the classical translation business was established, and the classical translation discourse was shifted to the academic discourse centered on classical translation sudies. This discussion was expanded to the request of the establishment of an academic institution called the Classical Translation Graduate School, with a discussion on the academic identities of classical translation studies. The imagies of translators, paired with the academic discourse of this period, and that the classical translators must be classical scholars and translators, are begun to be requested. Thus, the classical translation value discourse changed with the passage of time, and the imagies of classical translators have been changed accordingly.