• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.20 no.11
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• pp.157-164
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• 2022

This study attempted to understand the mediating effect of learning time in the effect of academic burnout on self-esteem of middle school students. To this end, a survey of 1,045 middle school students in Gyeongsangnam-do was conducted on academic burnout, learning time, and self-esteem. It was analyzed in four ways through questionnaire responses. First, as a result of analyzing the differences according to the collective characteristics of academic burnout, learning time, and self-esteem, there was no difference between groups, and self-esteem was significantly different by gender and grade. Second, as a result of correlation analysis, academic burnout and learning time showed a negative correlation with self-esteem, and learning time and self-esteem showed a positive correlation. Third, as a result of regression analysis, all learning times were partially mediated in the effect of academic burnout on self-esteem. This not only directly affects the self-esteem of middle school students, but also indirectly through learning time. Fourth, in the analysis by gender, it was confirmed that male students had no statistically significant effect on self-esteem, but female students had a significant statistical effect on self-esteem, so only female students had a partial mediating effect. As a result of the analysis by grade, the effect of learning time on self-esteem was significant in the 1st and 2nd graders of middle school, but the effect of learning time on self-esteem was not significant in the 3rd graders of middle school. Through the survey of this study, it was suggested that education and counseling should be conducted in the middle school period, which is a rapid growth period, considering that academic burnout has a different effect on learning time and self-esteem by grade as well as gender approach.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.02b
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• pp.7-12
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• 2008

This study aims to extract the factors which constitute use tendency on digital product, and to devide korean generation. We surveyed to digital product users who are 15 through 49 years old, executed factor analysis, cluster analysis, and so on, The results of factor analysis, we selected 11 factors, named as interest, entertainment, simplicity, anxiety of mal-operation, practicality, personality, consistency, multi-functionality, learning style of how-to-use, responsibility of disorder, and lending degree. The results of cluster analysis, we classified subjects into following three types: positive acceptor, passive follower, and conservative indifference. And, we executed frequency analysis iteratively. We devide korean digital product users to 4 generations -1727G, 2834G, 3538G, 3949G- by means of synthesizing the results. It can be said that generation is strong factor effect to use tendency, but the other factors like sex, occupation, school career, income become weak factor or not matters. Finally, we considered the reason, 3538G takes a crossing point role through comparison the generation division with cohort research on product use experience.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.9 no.7
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• pp.85-93
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to identify the influence of demographic characteristics such as inappropriate lifestyle, stress, and health status among health risk factors of early adolescents according to gender. There is a gender difference in the perception of mental and physical health of early adolescents, and the result can be different in behavior patterns between men and women. This study was conducted to identify the health risk factors as independent variables for early adolescents in Daegu and Gyeongbuk area, and to analyze the determinants of gender (male, female) differences by parents, family environment, friends, academic background, appearance, grade, location, school grades, family situation, and health status as demographic factors. And, the Odds Ratio of the early adolescents was analyzed through logit analysis and the differences according to the influence relationship of each of them were examined. As a result of the analysis, the more the sleep and physical activity, parents, home environment, friends, academic background, and appearance are increased, the more the influence is likely to become on the male students. On the contrary, the rest of the health risk factors can increase, and the threat to the health risk factors is likely to become severe to the female students.Among them, it is necessary to develop a pre-preventive program for early adolescents' health risk factors, provide basic data for practical application in the field, and seek a detailed program according to the gender of early adolescents.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.207-218
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• 2022

This study, to confirm the mediating effect of knee pain on cognitive functions and depression in older adults, and as an interdisciplinary research between the physical and psychological mechanisms, confirmed the identifying group differences by gender, age, and educational attainment of older adults, and aimed to research the improvement of cognitive functions, which is a main factor of dementia's risk prediction. The analysis data was from the 8th Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing (KLoSA) in 2020, and the research model was verified using Process macro and model #4. The main analysis results are as follows. First, depression partially mediation effect of knee pain on cognitive functions. Second, the mediation effect of depression by gender was significant, but the direct effect in the male older adults group was twice that in the female older adults; the indirect effect did not vary significantly based on gender. Third, the mediating effect of depression by age was relatively greater in the old-old aged group than in the young-old aged one. Fourth, as for the mediating effect of depression according to the classification of educational attainment, the mediating effect was not significant in the group with a college degree or higher education but was significant in the remaining three sub-groups. Based on the results, this study makes implications for the need for active intervention strategies to improve cognitive functions, focusing on group differences by gender, age, and educational attainment in the management of knee pain and depression.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.113-126
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• 2020

This study suggested implications by dividing the concept of brand origin into national image and manufacturing capacity image, verifying the direct impact of these variables on brand trust and brand loyalty, and verifying the difference between products with the effect on brand trust of brand origin, which is the result of verification. The specific implications of this paper are as follows. First, brand origin does not directly affect brand loyalty, but it can have a direct impact on the preceding variable, brand loyalty. This study may conclude that it is desirable to define the factors that affect the purchase selection indirectly through the assessment of product properties or positive effects on brand image rather than having a direct impact on product purchase or selection. Second, the difference in brand origin influence by product characteristics was very evident. Past studies were limited to a few products, so pan-product testing was not conducted, and the empirical power was judged to be limited, so this study included a variety of products and tried to detect differences between products through actual empirical research. Involvement and self-congruity have been presented with results that can be judged as important variables for brand origin to affect brand performance and variables. Looking at the role of the brand origin for each product characteristic by distinguishing between product characteristics and whether or not products related to quality, history, authenticity, etc., the product recognized as high quality and the product recognized as having high integrity showed higher effect of the brand origin, but history was a product characteristic that did not show the effect of the brand origin.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.483-512
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• 2022

This study examined the patterns of coping strategies among Koreans during the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic, explored the influence of demographic information (gender, age, economic level, household type), along with the unusual experiences due to COVID-19 (fear, stress of COVID, constraints of routine, income risk) on the classification of subclasses, and analyzed the latent profile differences in psychological wellbeing (life satisfaction, depression, and anxiety). An online survey was conducted among Korean Adults(n=600) between April 13, 2020 and 21, when WHO declared COVID-19 a global pandemic and Daegu as well as Gyeongsangbuk-do was nominated as a special disaster zone. First, Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) was used to identify subclasses of coping strategies and results suggested that the 4-class model had the best fit. Second, Class memberships were predicted by gender, age, economic level, as well as fear, stress, constraints of routine, and income risk, among the unusual experiences due to COVID-19. Finally, there are differences in psychological wellbeing among latent profiles. 'High level of adaptive coping group 3' showed the highest level of life satisfaction, 'Adaptive-maladaptive coping group 4' showed the highest level of depression, anxiety. Implications and suggestions are discussed based on the study results.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.193-206
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• 2021

This study aimed to identify the growth performance of Korean indigenous chicken pure-line by sex and twelve strains conserved in Poultry Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration. The effect of sex and strain on body weight was significantly different in every period, with males being heavier in all periods than females. In the case of biweekly weight gain, the tendency to increase rapidly from birth to six weeks old, and to decrease in the period from twelve to fourteen weeks old was common across all sex and strains. Depending on sex and strain, there were significant differences in age and the number of peaks. Regardless of sex and strain, the determination coefficient and adjusted determination coefficient showed high goodness of fit (99.1~99.9%) to growth functions. However, for each model, the goodness-of-fit had variations by sex and strains. von Betalanffy function had the best fit to growth curves in all the female strains except strain D. On the other hand, Gompertz function had the best fit for all the male strains except strain C. Logistic function showed the lowest goodness-of-fit in all sex and strains. Mature weights were in the order of von bertalanffy, Gompertz, and Logistic models, while growth ratio and maturing rate followed the order of logistic, gompertz, and von bertalanffy functions. This information could be useful for Korean indigenous chicken management and designing crossbreeding tests and breeding programs.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.179-185
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• 2024

By applying the various energy spectrum imaging functions of DECT, To quantitatively distinguish between contrast agent and calcification, changes in image quality are analyzed by comparing CNR and SNR. We investigated the level of dose reduction during two scans and one VNC scan. As a result, contrast agent and calcification were best distinguished in the 70 keV area, CNR and SNR were excellent, and scan dose was reduced by about 26.5%. Therefore, by applying DECT, meaningful results were obtained that could visually and quantitatively distinguish between the intravascular contrast agent and the shade of calcification. If clinical research is conducted in the future considering the patient's age, gender, and body type, quantitative analysis of calcification will be possible even with intravascular contrast agent flowing in, which will have a significant effect in reducing the patient's scan dose and the burden of multiple scans.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.30 no.5 s.82
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• pp.591-598
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• 2000

This study was designed to analysis the airway which affects to breathing, speech and facial growth pattern in unilateral cleft lip and palate patients. Upper airway and the position of hyoid bone pattern were analyzed on the lateral cephalometric radiographs of the 78 subjects of complete unilateral cleft lip and palate group and each group was divided two sub-groups by circumpubertal growth peak and gender. These data were statistically analyzed to examine the difference between pre-circumpubertal growth peak group and post-circumpubertal growth peak one, and between male and female group. The results of this study were as follows: 1. After circumpubertal growth peak stage, the position of hyoid bone was lower than before in both male and female group. 2. After circumpubertal growth peak stage, the measurement were increased in CV3ia-APH, PNS-ad which related to the volume of pharyngeal space. This was due to the decrease of adenoid and anteroiferior growth of mandible and affected to breathing and speech after circumpubertal growth peak. 3. During circumpubertal growth peak stage, all measurements increased more in male than female group, which due to the different amount of growth in different gender. 4. The position of hyoid bone was lower in male than female group in all age group. 5. After circumpubertal growth peak stage, CV3ia-APH increased more in male. This was due to the more growth in madible of male which resulted in the activation of digastric muscle.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.91-96
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to analyze the change of morphologic pelvis according to age and gender. Pelvis AP(anterior-posterior) projection were taken from 382 individuals (men: 194, women: 188) at the age of twenty and older. We measured four values of pelvis using CR (computed radiological system) including maximum pelvic breadth (MPB), sacral breadth (SB), transverse diameter of pelvic inlet (TD), and distance between femoral heads (DFH). Average (t-test, ANOVA) and Pearson correlation were calculated for comparison. While there was no significant difference of gender in case of MPB, significant differences were observed in SB (men 97.76 mm, women 102.00 mm), TD (men 138.0 mm, women 149.79 mm), and DFH (men 141.94 mm, women 150.39 mm). The DFH values were negatively correlated with the age (men r=-0.280, women r=-0.207). The morphological changes of pelvis were measured high in the men of 50's and in the women of 60's and 70's. The SB, TD and DFH were greater in the women than in the man. As the ages get higher, the deviation of pelvis were gradually increased, which indicates that the morphological changes of pelvis with respect to the age reflects an aging process.