• 한국안광학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.53-57
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• 2003

5분 간격으로 착색시간을 증가시켜 R, G, Y, B칼라렌즈를 제작하였다. 색 좌표 분석은 분광측색계와 CIE $L^*a^*b^*$ color system를 사용하였다. 착색 시간에 따른 색좌표 이동 형태는 $b^*(Y-B)={\beta}a^*+{\alpha}$이며, 거의 선형적으로 변하였다. 적색의 경우 착색시간이 길수록 $G{\rightarrow}R$, $B{\rightarrow}Y$ 형태로 이동하고, Parameter ${\alpha}$, ${\beta}$ 값은 각각 -3.49, 0.90을 얻었다. 녹색의 경우 색좌표 이동은 $R{\rightarrow}G$, $B{\rightarrow}Y$ 형태이다. 10분의 착색 시간에서 가장 순수한 녹색 칼라를 얻었다. Parameter ${\alpha}$, ${\beta}$값은 각각 -0.72, -0.55을 얻었다. 황색과 청색의 경우 모두 착색 시간이 길수록 순수한 색이 된다. 황색에서 Parameter ${\alpha}$, ${\beta}$값은 각각 14.11, 1.58이고, 청색에서 Parameter ${\alpha}$, ${\beta}$값은 각각 -11.62, 1.30을 얻었다.

• 무역상무연구
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• 제30권
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• pp.27-58
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to identify key obstacles to the adoption of electronic bill of lading and to suggest an effective way to promote the utilization of electronic bill of lading in international trade field. This study finds that all the respondants have not used 'true' electronic bill of lading that is issued and distributed electronically, and most of them agreed the needs of e-B/L adoption, but their intentions to adopt e-B/L remain very low in the present situation. Five obstacles to the adoption of e-B/L were derived from an explanatory factor analysis: 'integration' factor, 'law institution' factor, 'usability' factor, 'economic efficiency' factor, and 'security' factor. Solutions to promote the utilization of e-B/L in international trade field are as follows; Firstly, to endow e-B/L with the legal force through amending relevant laws including the commercial law. Secondly, to conclude the relevant international agreement, and to carry out joint projects between nations are needed. Thirdly, to conduct publicity campaigns is required to increase the understanding of the concepts and benefits of e-B/L to all concerned parties. Fourthly, stable and reliable system must be constructed with high level security. Fifthly, to readjust the service fee of e-B/L system to a realistic level is to be needed in order for user companies to use e-B/L service.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.73-77
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• 2014

Field and nutrient cultures of American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.) were used to establish foliar symptoms related to boron (B) concentration in leaves and soils, and to evaluate radish as a time-saving model system for B nutrition. Application of excess B, 8 kg/ha versus the recommended 1.5 kg/ha, to field plantings of 2-, 3-, and 4-yr-old American ginseng plants just prior to crop emergence caused, within 4 wk after crop emergence, leaf symptoms of chlorosis followed by necrosis starting at the tips and progressing along the margins. The B concentration in leaves of 2-4-yr-old plants receiving 1.5 kg/ha Bwas $30{\mu}g/g$ dry mass compared to $460{\mu}g/g$ dry mass where 8 kg/ha B was applied. Similarly, B concentration in soils receiving the lower B concentration was 1.8 mg/g dry mass and $2.2-2.8{\mu}g/g$ dry mass where the higher B concentration was applied. Application of 8 kg/ha B reduced the dry yield of 3rd-yr roots by 20% from 2745 kg/ha to 2196 kg/ha and 4th-yr roots by 26% from 4130 kg/ha to 3071 kg/ha. Ginseng seedlings and radish were grown under greenhouse conditions in nutrient culture with four B concentrations ranging from 0 mg/L to 10 mg/L. At 5 mg/L and 10 mg/L ginseng and radish developed typical leaf B toxicity symptoms similar to those described above for field-grown plants. Increasing B in the nutrient solution from 0.5 mg/L to 10 mg/L decreased, in a linear fashion, the root and leaf dry mass of ginseng, but not radish. Given the many similarities of ginseng and radish to B utilization, radish might be used as a timesaving model system for the study of B, and other micronutrients, in the slow-growing perennial ginseng.

• 분석과학
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.443-449
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• 2003

붕산수에 대한 열중성자 (thermal neutron) 조사실험을 하나로를 이용하여 다음과 같은 세가지 조건에서 수행하였다: (A) $^{10}B$ 농도 = $203.0{\mu}g/mL$, 조사시간 = 1 시간; (B) $^{10}B$ 농도 = $381.4{\mu}g/mL$, 조사시간 = 1 시간; (C) $^{10}B$ 농도 = $381.4{\mu}g/mL$, 조사시간 = 0.5 시간. 열중성자 조사 시 발생하는 핵반응 [$^{10}B(n{\cdot}{\alpha})^7Li$]으로부터 생성된 $^7Li$의 양은 불꽃 없는 원자흡수분광분석법 (flameless atomic absorption spectroscopy)으로 측정하였다. (A), (B), (C) 실험에서 측정된 $^7Li$의 농도는 각각 0.18 (이론치 = 0.23), 0.31 (이론치 = 0.44), 0.16 (이론치 = 0.22) ${\mu}g/mL$로 이 값들은 각각 이론치의 78.3, 70.5, 71.6%에 해당한다 중성자 조사 후 붕산수의 pH는 조사 전의 값에 비하여 상당히 낮은 값을 보였다. 이는 물의 방사분해물의 영향으로 붕산수가 해리도가 큰 polyborate 형태로 전이되기 때문으로 판단된다.

• 공업화학
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.421-428
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• 2019

본 연구에서는 천연색소인 커큐민을 포함하고 있는 천연물인 강황과 울금으로부터 황색색소(목표색, L = 87.0, a = 7.43, b = 88.2)를 추출하였다. 기초실험을 통해 반응표면분석법에 사용될 계량인자의 범위는 두 천연물 모두 pH (3~7), 추출온도($40{\sim}70^{\circ}C$)로 설정하였다. 목표색에 가장 근접한 최적추출조건을 얻기 위해 반응표면분석법 중 중심합성계획모델을 접목하여 추출공정을 최적화하였다. 결과값 및 회귀방정식을 통해 주효과도 및 교호효과도를 분석해 강황 및 울금의 색공간과 색차는 b 값에 가장 큰 영향을 끼치는 것을 알았다. 또한 반응치인 색좌표 L, a, b를 모두 만족하는 최적조건은 강황의 경우 pH = 3.43, 추출온도 $54.8^{\circ}C$에서의 이론적 수치 L (74.67), a (5.69), b (70.08)이었으며, 이 조건에서 실제실험을 수행한 결과 L (72.92), a (5.32), b (72.17)로 측정되었다. 울금의 경우에는 pH = 5.22, 추출온도 $50.4^{\circ}C$에서의 이론적 수치 색좌표는 L (82.02), a (7.43), b (72.86)이었으며, 실제실험을 수행한 결과 L (81.85), a (5.39), b (71.58)로 나타나 두 경우 모두 1% 이내의 오차범위를 나타내었다. 따라서 천연원료의 색소추출공정의 최적화 과정으로 반응표면분석법 중 중심합성계획모델을 적용할 경우 낮은 오차율을 얻을 수 있었다.

• 디지털콘텐츠학회 논문지
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• 제19권7호
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• pp.1397-1403
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• 2018

오늘날 현대인들은 피부 관리를 신체적 건강관리의 일환으로 인식하고 있으며, 일반적으로 얼굴에서 발견되는 피부 질환 문제는 여드름이다. 본 논문에서는 CIE $L^*a^*b^*$ 칼라 공간을 이용한 효과적인 여드름 검출 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 성분 영상$a^*$의 값이 양수일 경우에 적색이므로 피부 영상에서 적색 계통의 여드름 검출에 적합하다. 먼저 RGB 칼라 공간 기반의 피부 영상은 칼라 밸런싱을 통해 광 보상을 수행하고, CIE $L^*a^*b^*$ 칼라 공간으로 변환한다. 추출된 성분 영상 $a^*$을 정규화하고, 임계값 처리를 통해 피부 영역과 여드름 영역을 추정하였다. 실험 결과, 제안하는 방법이 기존의 밝기 정보를 이용한 방법보다 효과적으로 여드름을 검출하였고, 반사되는 광원에 강인함을 보였다.

• 대한조선학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.37-44
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• 1970

The plate under shear loading umformly distributed on the end portions of its side boundary was considered. Infinite hyperbolic serieses and Fourier serieses were combined as a stress function and from which exact solutions for the 15 cases for the parameters of b/L=0.25, 0.5, 1.0 and l/L=0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0 are obtained. In each cases the first 5 terms of the infinite series at the 36 points as shown in Fig. 3. The results are presented in Fig. 4-1, 4-2, and 4-3. The conclusions are as follows: 1) The stresses ${\sigma}_x$ increase very slightly as $\chi$ increases in the range of 0<x<L-l 2) When the parameters satisfy the conditions b/L<0.25 and l/L<0.2, the stresses in the region of 0<x<L-l can be obtained by replacing the uniform shear loading by the equivalent uniform shear loading by the equivalent uniform tensile force and pure bending moment at x=l. 3) The stress ${\sigma}_y$ is negligible throughout the region. 4) When the parameter b/L varies, the stresses ${\sigma}_x$ and u vary as L/b, while strain $\upsilon$ varies as $(L/b)^2$.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제39권3_4호
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• pp.487-496
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• 2021

In this paper we show that if A ∈ L(X) and B ∈ L(Y), X and Y complex Banach spaces, then A ⊕ B ∈ L(X ⊕ Y) is subscalar if and only if both A and B are subscalar. We also prove that if A, Q ∈ L(X) satisfies AQ = QA and Q^p = 0 for some nonnegative integer p, then A has property (C) (resp. property (𝛽)) if and only if so does A + Q (resp. property (𝛽)). Finally, we show that A ∈ L(X, Y) and B, C ∈ L(Y, X) satisfying operator equation ABA = ACA and BA ∈ L(X) is subscalar with property (𝛿) then both Lat(BA) and Lat(AC) are non-trivial.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.1-12
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• 1982

This study was to investigate the changes of shape of the lower limb surface, the rate of the measurement of expansion and contraction and correlation coefficient between variables caused by hip joint and knee joint movements. The results of the investigation are as follows; 1. According to the development figure of shell when the leg was raised $45^{\circ}$forward($M_{2}$), total length of F.L shortened while B.L lengthened. This result is contarary to $M_{3}$raising the leg $15^{\circ}$ backward. In both $M_{2}$, $M_{3}$movements, the rate of expansion and contraction to the course direction was insignificant. When hip joint was bent $15^{\circ}$ with knee joint $120^{\circ}$bent ($M_{4}$) and hip joint was bent $30^{\circ}$ with knee joint $90^{\circ}$ bent($M_{5}$), upper section of back hip expanded while the front hip section contracted slightly. In the Movement of sitting on the chair($M_{6}$), abdomen, front hip section and upper thight section contracted to the wale direction remarkably while the back hip section expanded conspicuously. 2. According to the rate of expansion and contraction of skin (surface) by the somatometry. In $M_{2}$, C.F.L. upper and middle thight girth contracted and B.L, C.L, L.L expanded. This fact is contarary to M3. In M4, M5, C.F.L showed remarkable contraction and C.B.L expanded remarkably. In $M_{6}$, C.B.L contracted most of all the items measured and knee girth, F.L, L.L, C.B.L, hip girth expanded conspicuously. 3. According to the correlation coefficient between variables. In various movements, the correlation among girth items commonly showed a high or middle grade, the correlation among length items also commonly showed a low grade and that girth and length items showed a very low grade commonly. Waist girth, hip grith, F.L, B.L, L.L items showed that there were significant correlation.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.103-109
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• 1974

전국 각지대의 279개소의 토양시료로 부터 초산자화성세균 383균주를 분리하였으며 이들 초산자화성세균중 L-GA생성 능이 우수한 5균주를 선정하고 균학적성질을 조사하여 Brebacterium flavum nov. sp. D1005B, Corynebacterium glutamicum nov. sp. D1025A, Brevibacterium. flavum nov. sp. D2209B, Corynebacterium acetoacidophilum nov. sp. D2212B 및 Corynebacterium acetoacidophilum nov. sp. D2349A로 동정 명명하였다