Sound absorbing materials used for lightweight panels and interior material are mainly made of fibroid material such as glass wool or rock wool. However these fiber type sound absorbing materials have some problems such that sound absorption could be decreased as time goes by because of durability. In addition, dust scattering from fiber type material can cause another problem in health. In this point of view, this study aims to develop environment friendly sound absorbing material using Hwangto(so called loess or yellow soil), a traditional housing material. Hwangto is natural housing material in Korea and generally known for improving indoor air quality. Hwangto panel is made to construct on the floor, wall and ceiling, and expected that there is not enough absorption. Present study tried to develop environment friendly sound absorbing material that has high sound absorption performance with good environment performance in terms of air quality. Pore rate was designed to maximize the absorption in the specific frequency bands, and two kinds of backing space were applied in order to see the effect of backing space. As a result peak frequency that has maximum absorption is going high as the pore rate is increased. The backing space provides more absorption and makes the peak frequency down to low.

Currently, the multi-residential apartments used in Korea are mostly bearing wall apartments which don't satisfy consumers for the lack of architectural plan flexibility. And due to remodelling-incompatible, bearing wall apartments have to be reconstructed. It is, thus, necessary to develop multi-residential apartments utilizing composite beam that can replace the conventional bearing wall-type apartment buildings. Composite beams proposed in this paper ensure modification of space and quality control, while the floor heights are maintained at the same floor height as in bearing wall structures. This study analyzes the experimental behavior of composite beams with proper combination of structural steel, reinforced concrete, and precast concrete. By comparing with the theoretical analysis and experimental results, the accuracy of flexural moment capacity and neutral axis was evaluated. The experiments were performed by two simply-supported specimens using loading and unloading. When the analysis results were compared with the experimental results, the flexural moment capacity of the composite beam was shown with an error of approximately -0.5 to 0.1% at the maximum load limit state.

Computer simulation of buildings and solar energy systems is being used increasingly in energy assessments and design. For the six locations (Seoul, Incheon, Daejeon, Deagu, Gwangju and Busan) in South Korea where the global hourly solar irradiation (GHSI) is currently measured, GHSI was calculated using a comparatively simple cloud cover radiation model (CRM) and sunshine fraction radiation model (SFRM). The result was that the measured and calculated values of GHSI were similar for the six regions. Results of cloud cover and sunshine fraction models have been compared with the measured data using the coefficient of determination (R2), root-mean-square error (RMSE) and mean bias error (MBE). The strength of correlation R2 varied within similar ranges: 0.886-0.914 for CRM and 0.908-0.934 for SFRM. Average MBE for the CRM and SFRM were 6.67 and 14.02 W/m2, respectively, and average RMSE 104.36 and 92.15 W/m2. This showed that SFRM was slightly accurate and used many regions as compared to CRM for prediction of GHSI.

The objective of this study is to analysis the properties for reclassifying green roofs into three types by cluster analysis after investigating the present condition in thirty green roofs which were created from 2002 to 2004 by Seoul Metropolitan Government. The previous classification was resulted in structure safety diagnosis in the type of green roofs and visible judgment by experts in sites. However, it should have been corrected. Therefore, it needed a reestablished concept and a reclassification in green roofs. The results of this study are as follows : the concept of a rooftop garden and a green roof is different from previous studies. The rooftop gardens named by intensive green roofs are closed to integrated management, whereas the green roofs are closed to low management. The reclassification of green type was also conducted to use the statistic analysis of categorical regression by previous studies, and the factors extracted by the categorical regression were influenced by greening type. The figure of R-square representing explanation in regression analysis is 95.2%. As this result was analyzed, it was proved into rooftop gardens demanded for high activity by people.

This study suggested practical application of climate design on apartment complex with the focus on the use of Cold Air Flow and green building design method. The domestic research on the wind path analysis has been associated since the early 21th century in urban planning and site planning, this initiative study aimed to mitigate the urban heat island effect and to promote the sustainable urban development. It is, however, mostly focused on the flow analysis and heat flow in the urban context, due to the poor application of the wind path analysis in actual planning and design. Special attention is paid to the possibilities of identifying and developing the application methods in relation to Cold Air Flow and building design. This study examined these relations and suggested some trenchant approach to a more comprehensive and efficient use of the wind flow analysis in climate design.

The concepts of interior design work have set forward an aesthetic and functional proposition to be answered by those who design spaces. The available range of suitable materials for interior use appears to be almost inexhaustible in this day and age. Now a day, relatively new fields of study on environmental-friendly interior examine humans'innate affinity for health and explore its implications for architecture and the built environment. A growing field of research suggests that spaces' relationship to aesthetics and environment can either help or hinder their occupants' health and wellness, productivity, and even their creativity. This paper presents several examples of already built apartment houses in practice, and discusses the demand of users of the spaces for health and sustainable environment, deepening the relationship between newly-constructed spaces and the remodeled ones. The considerations to some new and contemporary materials from the aspect of healthy indoor architecture design are presented in this paper. Designers need to rethink the conventional and high-tech interior environment in apartment houses with respect to perceived air quality, material emissions, and odors. The future of interior design is oriented on light shapeable materials which are able to create a unique memorable atmosphere. The primary assignment in accepting recent materials and proceedings is our responsibility to creating proposals, that are mainly safe, hygienic and environmentally proper.

Daylight is highly beneficial for improving the indoor environmental quality and reducing building energy consumption, daylighting applications are scarcely considered, especially during the Rural standard house models design process, because of lack of previous studies on elderly-light environment and complex simulation process. Therefore, daylighting process were performed using ECOTECT, which has various advantage such as easy user interface and simple simulation processes. Moreover, dynamic daylight simulation were performed using whether data. Static simulation are performed to compute static metrics such as daylight factor, whereas dynamic simulation are performed for dynamic metrics such as daylight autonomy and useful daylight illuminance using annual weather data On the basis of daylight autonomy and useful daylight illuminance analysis result, variations in annual daylight performances. A parametric and regression analysis of the window-to-wall ratio and visible transmittance showed that daylight factor, daylight autonomy increased with window-to-wall ratio and visible transmittance. It can be concluded that this new daylight criteria. useful daylight illuminance, will enable architect to obtain better fenestration design.

The study aims to analyze and evaluate the evaluation items and application methods of environment-friendly middle schools in Chungbuk area by case studies. For the study, the criteria and situations of environment-friendly schools are analyzed literally and three environment-friendly middle schools in Chungbuk area selected. The field surveys and faculty interviews are performed. As results, about 35 environment-friendly technologies are applied and 66 to 68 points are acquired in three selected schools. It is analyzed that the PV, natural interior materials, raining recycle system and sufficient green spaces are pointed out as main technologies. About 66% of respondents know the environment-friendly certification and use the environment facilities in classes. However, the unsuitable plants for interior green spaces, unskilled management of recycling facilities and the absent of student participate programs show up as main problems. Also, the active campaigns need to expand the environment-friendly school.