Objective : I will study about similarities and differences of furunculus section between Sonjininchungeumbang and Bigeupchungeumyobang. Method : I compare furunculus section of Sonjininchungeumbang with Bigeupchungeumyobang to investigate changes of texts. Result : I can find significant differences of furunculus section between Sonjininchungeumbang and Bigeupchungeumyobang, specially the 3rd prescription of Balbae(發背方第三), the 6th prescription of Pyojeo(瘭疽方第六). Conclusion : Sonjininchungeumbang is a prescription book which is compiled in Dang dynasty. And Bigeupchungeumyobangis is a revised version of Sonjininchungeumbang which is compiled by the Bureau for Revising Medical Texts(校正醫書局) in Song dynsasty. Bigeupchungeumyobangis shows the added medical knowledge about furunculus in Song dynsasty.

Objective : This study was conducted to compare Sasang Constitutional Medicine (SCM) and Four Humor Theory (FHT). Method : 1. The theoretical comparison was focused on the central pillars of both theories, i.e., the theories of Hippocrates and his successor Galenos as well as Lee Je-ma. 2. Research papers on SCM and FHT were collected as follows. First, relevant papers were searched for using several electronic databases: Pubmed (http://www.pubmed.org.), NDSL (http://www.ndsl.kr/index.do), KISS (http://kiss.ksstudy.com), and RISS (http://www.riss4u.net.). Keywords were 'Sasang', 'constitution', 'constitutional medicine', 'humor theory', 'Hippokrates', 'Galenos', and "Dongeuisusebowon".In addition, relevant papers were searched for using the websites of The Korean Society for the History of Medicine(http://medhist.kams.or.kr), The Korean society of Oriental medical classics (http://www.wonjeon.or.kr), The Society of Sasang Constitutional Medicine (http://www.esasang.or.kr/new_home/main.htm),and The Korean Association of Oriental Medical Physiology (http://www.ksomp.or.kr). As a result, a total of 32 papers were included in the final selection. Result & Conclusion : In this study, a comparison was made between FHT and SCM in terms of physiology, pathology and therapy. We showedthat the theories share similarities as well as differences. However, in a practical sense, the two should be characterized based on their differences rather than their similarities. In conclusion, the two have something in common, but overall, they are remarkably different from each other.

Objective : Ankylosing Spodylitis(AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease that is notorious for its difficulty to cure. This study aims to interpret the mechanism of AS in the Traditional Korean Medical(TKM) perspective, and to understand the role of the spine. Method : Clinical manifestations of AS, epidemiological data and clinical cases were interpreted by traditional methodology. Result : The young age group of patients suffering from this condition suggests that the cause of this condition is not solely linked to deficiency of the Kidney[腎], which is a general cause for bone disease. Its symptoms are linked to obstruction in the upper body, which results in disturbance of Jeong(精) collection in the lower body. Based on other accompanying symptoms, together with its character as an autoimmune disease, a strong link to the spirit of the heart[心神] can be suggested. Conclusion : AS is closely linked not only to essence of kidney[腎陰], but to the spirit of the heart[心神] as well. From the TKM analysis of the spine, we can understand it as the basic pathway for the fundamental Gi(氣) circulation.

Objective : "Sikryochanyo"written by Jeon Soonyi is the first Food-Therapy book at Korea. In "Sikryochanyo", there are many kinds of food-Therapy including prescriptions for thirst disease. Conception of hirst disease in traditional mendicine contains diabetes in some aspects. One of the Ingeative methods in diabetes limits taking protein but "Sikryochanyo" shows several prescriptions including protein. Method : We will try to find out cases of Food-therapy for thirst disease in "Sikryochanyo" and classify several prescriptions including protein. Result : In "Sikryochanyo", several prescriptions for thirst disease including protein were treated as materia medica widely such as stomach of cow and pig, intestine of pig, head of dear, rabbit, chicken, goose, pheasant, milk and lung of sheep. Conclusion : On several types of prescriptions for thirst disease including protein there are plenty of usage with its own effectiveness.

Objective : Every language has twofold aspects in meaning of characters such as 'lead' means guide as a verb and 'lead' means one of metals. Chinese character has several meanings because it is phonogram, even if those are exactly same in shapes. we have concern how different meaning of the character 'Si(死)' is in traditional medical classics. Method : we try to find out the meaning of 'Si' excluding meaning of 'Si', 'death' in "Huangdineijing". Result : 'Si' means 'death' primary and means 'serious disease to death', 'losing consciousness just like death' and so on. Conclusion : Someone who have concern traditional medical classics have to give attentions that characters in classics could get different meanings in same character.

Objective: Although the government acknowledged Korean Medical Doctors as official health care providers since 1951, criticism regarding its modernity persisted. This paper focuses on the medical dispute between Korean and Western Medicine in 1950s risen from the problem of modernization of Korean Medicine. Method: This paper looked into the medical dispute between Korean and Western Medicine in 1950s through "EE LIM". "EE LIM" is a scholarly journal published by Korean Medical doctor Bae Won-Sik. Articles regarding the medical dispute between Korean and Western Medicine were selected, categorized and analyzed. Result: The main questions against Korean Medicine were: whether it was scientific or not, and whether there was a possibility of systematization. Several opinions were brought up on these issues. 1) Some people criticized Korean Medicine as being unscientific based on modern science. 2) Others emphasized the identity of Korean Medicine against the critics. 3) Another group of people wanted to study Korean Medicine using modern methods and obtain merits from both sides. Conclusion: The different understanding of the term 'science' led to diverse discussions on the direction of Korean Medicine's progression. The narrow meaning of science only considers Korean Medicine as an object of modern scientific and medical study. But if the meaning is broadened, containing empirical aspects, Korean Medicine can be included as a category of science based on its clinical utility.

Objective : Zhao Xian-Ke(趙獻可) was a doctor in the Ming(明) Dynasty. His representing book is "Yiguan(醫貫)". It is considered as a requirement to study the Mingmen academy(命門學說). "Xuanyuanfulun(玄元膚論)", volume I of "Yiguan" intensively mentions his medical viewpoint. The study investigates Zhao's medical perspectives by studying "Xuanyuanfulun". Method : "Xuanyuanfulun" is translated. "Yiguan" published by Chinese Medicine(中國中醫藥) Publish was used as basis. "Yiguan" published by Xuexiao(學苑) Publish was used for reference. I checked and researched for several parts shown in "Suwen(素問)" and "Lingshu(靈樞)". I researched for 'Master(主)' of a human being. Result : 1. 'Master' of a human being is intangible Huo(火) in Mingmen. 2. It may be hard for me to assent to the opinion of Zhao Xian-Ke that the inferior twelve organs should be regarded as inferior eleven organs naturally. 3. Yinyang(陰陽) is to relatively cope with a situation and its wonders are within Wu(無). 4. The study emphasizes the importance of Yang, Huo and Qi(氣). 5. The study separates the date (year, month, date and time) into yin and yang and the causes of an illness are found based on the concept and its treatment shall be performed. 6. Among Wuxing(五行), Shui(水) and Huo are especially important. 7. There are intangible Shenshui(腎水) and intangible Xianghuo(相火) separately from the Shui and huo of Xinshen(心腎). Conclusion : The medical philosophy of Zhao Xian-Ke has been deeper. In addition, it will provide much help while understanding volumes 2 - 6 of "Yiguan" and apply to the clinical tests. I think it is not the problem, which is the right meaning of 'Master' in the "Xin is monarch of the organs" of "Suwen Linglanmidianlun(靈蘭秘典論)" or 'Master' that concerned by Zhao Xian-Ke, but it is just the different sight of the human being.

Objective : I would like to determine the main factors, in other words, the subjects that are responsible for febrile paroxysm and how they interact at the time of onset, based on the "Discourse on Hak(瘧)" chapter of "Huangdi Neijing(黃帝內經)". Methods : First, the pathological mechanism of the paroxysm was examined as described in the text. Then the subjects in question were analyzed based on the contents of the text. Result : 1. Febrile paroxysm happens when the three factors coincide at the Fengfu(風府). The three elements are as follows: first defense qi(衛氣), second latent qi(伏邪) and third, external pathogen(新邪). 2. Fengfu(風府) is not a specific point, but a region which external pathogen(新邪) passes through during which the defense qi is deficient. Conclusion : Febrile paroxysm is not caused by either an internal pathogen or an external pathogen, but the interaction between the three elements of the internal and external pathogens and the condition of defense qi. Moreover, the site, Fengfu(風府), which the disease is manifested is not a specific point but a more general region where the pathogenic qi has invaded while defense qi has weakened.

Objective : Methods of Jang Cong-zheng's treatment related to his theories include of promoting the sweating-vomiting-purgation(汗吐下三法), prickling-bleeding method(瀉血療法), and emotional therapy(情志療法). He succeeded Liu wan-su(劉完素) as promoter of fire-heat pattern theory(火熱論), thereby emphasizing six qi(六氣), especially fire(火) and dampness(濕), as pathogens. He suggested that physician should treat patients whose diseases occurred due to fire(火) and dampness(濕) with promoting the sweating(汗)-vomiting(吐)-purgation(下) methods, which would remove pathogen qi(邪氣) and help circulation of qi and blood, therefore getting them back healthy qi(正氣). Method : I will try to describe the Jang Cong-zheng's treatment in "Ru-Men-Shi-Qin", and I would like to explain the sweating-vomiting-purgation(汗吐下三法), prickling-bleeding method(瀉血療法), and emotional therapy(情志療法). Result : For emotional diseases, he suggested that most should be caused by heart fire(心火) so they should be treated with methods of suppressing heart fire and medication would be using cool and cold herbal drugs which lead to clear heart fire. Conclusion : Theories of Zhang zi-he(張子和) can be applied to nurturing for modern world maintaining and improving health by his care methods. People these days suffer usually from excess intake or unbalanced diet problem, so wastes matter and pathogenic qi can be driven out of the human body by applying the sweating-vomiting-purgation methods. His medical theories could contribute to modernization of traditional medicine this way.

Objectives : In modern meditation, psychologic therapy and happy life have been in the main status. The aim of this study is to search about the value of modern meditation systematically and to summarize the contents on the meditation in "Donguibogam(東醫寶鑑)". Methods : We investigated the meditation-related materials in "Donguibogam(東醫寶鑑)", and discussed them in comparison with the other contents found in "Huangdi's Internal Classic(黃帝內經)" and some scriptures on meditation and self-discipline. Results : The mind-body concept in Korean Medicine takes meditation and self-discipline into main consideration. Meditation and self-discipline mean the endless pursuing the nature of mind and body, thus leading to self-practice about the true meaning of life. "Donguibogam(東醫寶鑑)" includes the views on the meditation and self-discipline from the various angles based on Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism. Conclusions : Meditation and self-discipline rooted in East Asian tradition are good ways to reach the true nature of mind-body system of universe and to help people seek happiness in their lives.