• Architectural research
• /
• 제15권3호
• /
• pp.143-150
• /
• 2013

The Korean government recently has rediscovered the potential value of Han-Ok, the Korean traditional house, as an eco-friendly building. In order to objectively verify the environmental performance of Han-Ok as a low carbon green building, this paper suggests the analysis method of GHG emission load of Korean traditional house, based on Life Cycle Assessment, which is commonly abbreviated to "LCA". The environmental impacts caused by building construction and operation can be analyzed through the sum of input and output data from every phase. The study particularly describes the GHG reduction effect by using traditional building materials such as wood products, traditional clay roof tiles, and mud, which are mainly used to construct Han-Ok. Also the study proposes the method for comparative analysis of quantity of GHG emissions in building's entire life cycle so that the data can be used as a reliable basis to optimize the environmental performance of building.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국건축시공학회 2011년도 춘계 학술논문 발표대회 1부
• /
• pp.119-120
• /
• 2011

Dome structure to form a space-efficient, applied a lot of beautiful buildings with structural systems, as well as a large space structure in the form of new residential lots have been applied. And domestic demand for housing in the dome with increasing dome house using various materials, are becoming commonplace. But now the Dome House is mainly used in construction steel, wood, stone, FRP construction and building materials per unit area and the high cost, long construction time, energy efficiency, has some disadvantages such as degradation. And structural strength of the structure is weak, the natural ingredients used come from natural damage is so big. In addition, demolition of buildings in trouble when handling the environmental problems has emerged. Recently expanded polystyrene to improve these problems by using the various approaches and research is being attempted and there.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
• /
• 제34권4호
• /
• pp.37-45
• /
• 2006

생태건축에서 주로 사용되는 목재는 자연환경에서 쉽게 생분해되기 때문에 목재의 내구성 향상을 위하여 각종 방부제나 방화제 또논 도료를 사용한다. 그러나 이들 약품 중에는 살균 및 살충을 위한 각종 독성 중금속이 함유되어 있다. 특히 비바람과 토양에 직접 접촉하는 지반(foundation)과 외장벽(exterior wall)에 사용되는 목재는 인체에 독성이 강한 CCA (chromated copper arsenate)로 처리하는 경우가 많다. 더욱이 건축 폐재는 법률적으로 소각하도록 규정되어 있어 재활용되지 않는 한, 소각 시 발생하는 배출물질 중 대기환경을 오염시키는 다양한 물질을 방출하여 호흡기 질병을 유발하고, 토양 매립시는 용출되어 토양을 오염시킨다. 따라서 건축용 목재로 사용되는 편백나무와 CCA처리된 미국산 Hemlock외에, 목재로부터 제조되어 시판되고 있는 유기질 비료와 하수 슬렷지, 건류목탄과 백탄에 함유된 중금속이온을 분석한 결과 다음과 같았다. 1) 미량원소분석을 위하여 시료 용해에 사용된 분석시약과 용수 중에 함유된 불순물이 분석결과에 영향을 미치기 때문에 체계적이고 전문적인 분석시스템 개발과 전문가가 필요하였다. 2) 특히 생화학적으로 전처리된 유기질비료와 슬렷지 또는 열화학적으로 전처리된 건류목탄과 백탄은 [$HNO_3+HF$] 혼합액으로 3회이상 처리하여도 완전 용해되지는 않았다. 3) 약품 전처리가 없는 목재의 경우, 열처리한 목탄이나 유기질퇴비는 환경오염을 초래하지 않았다. 4) 목재의 내구향상을 위하여 CCA 처리 목재는 유기질 비료 기준과 토양 환경 기준치를 크게 초과하여 토양에 매립하면, 심각한 토양오염을 야기할 것이다. 따라서 CCA처리된 토목건축용 목재는 특정 폐기물로 규정하여 별도 처리가 필요하고, 최종 처리될 때는 환경 친화적 소각이나 매립을 위하여서는 오염된 중금속을 분리한 후 목재성분만을 이용하는 바이오메스 폐기기술개발이 필요한 반면, 미래에는 환경 친화적인 저독성 또는 무독성 목재 방부제 개발이 필요하다.

• 한국주거학회논문집
• /
• 제17권1호
• /
• pp.97-105
• /
• 2006

The purposes of this study are to find out the current status and features of earth housing, and to explore users' level of satisfaction and needs of improvement about earth housing. Primary findings are as follows: (1) The area of earth housing is generally 25-34 pyong and the construction cost of earth housing is usually 3,000,000-3,400,000 won per pyong. (2) The age of earth house users is generally forties, fifties, and sixties. And their occupation is usually retiree and farmer. The age of earth based pension users is generally twenties and thirties. (3) The construction method of earth housing is usually earth brick structure reinforced with wood structure and earth brick structure(adobe). (4) The finish of outer wall is generally earth brick laying and earth plaster. And the finish of inner wall is usually wall paper and earth plaster. Roof tile and asphalt shingle is frequently observed as roof finish. (5) Users' satisfaction about earth housing is investigated high level. Especially, the satisfaction degrees about faculty of humidity control, stink elimination, prevention from sick house syndrome, support for psychological stabilization and deep sleep are observed very highly. (6) Reduction of construction cost and prevention of crack is investigated as needs of improvement about earth housing.

• 한국주거학회논문집
• /
• 제20권6호
• /
• pp.67-76
• /
• 2009

As the needs of housing for the elderly has increased, many researches have been carried out and some housing projects for the elderly including nursing home began to be provided. Most researches have focused on the development of housing type or space layout and only several ones on interior design. The interior design in house influences physically or psychologically on the elderly who lives in. Also, the subject of them which examined the needs or preference for housing for the elderly were the middle-aged, not the aged. The purpose of the study was to examine the preferred characteristics of interior design in residential space by the elderly. The structured interview with 120 old persons who lived in Busan was carried out using by a questionnaire and 3D images. The elderly answered about the preferred interior style, color, lighting and interior finishes of each room in house, such as living room, master bedroom, kitchen, and bathroom. On the basis of the findings, the characteristics of interior design of each room in house which the elderly preferred were presented. In general, they preferred the mixed interior style with tradition and modem. Also, the reddish and purple interior color, flower or plant patterned wall finishes, and wood floor were preferred in living room and master bedroom by the elderly. The white interior color and one colored wall finishes without any pattern were preferred in kitchen and bathroom.

• 한국주거학회논문집
• /
• 제18권2호
• /
• pp.65-74
• /
• 2007

The study analyzes the remodeling characteristics of the four different types of secondary kitchens in apartment house based on their floor plans. The secondary kitchens are categorized into side placement, back placement, back placement with extensions on both sides, and back placement with an extension on a single side. The twelve apartment complexes in Ulsan were selected so that they may all consist each of the four types, and answered the survey. The classified traits of secondary kitchen were examined based on the characteristics of floor plan and remodeling. Side placement and back placement with extensions on both sides mostly used glass hinged doors. Back placement and back placement with a single side extension used glass sliding doors. It was found that the majority of the floor materials consisted of both wood and tiles, except for side placements, where only tiles were used. The sizes of the back placements with both and single side extensions were the largest. The side and back placements were rarely renovated, however, back placements with both and single side extensions went through massive remodeling.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
• /
• 제41권3호
• /
• pp.234-246
• /
• 2013

목조주택의 골조 및 실내 외 마감용으로 사용되는 침엽수 구조재를 대상으로 방염 방충 보존처리제가 혼합된 약제에 마이크로파 가열 후 열기를 지닌체 침지하여 복합적인 기능화를 부여한 후 목재의 건조 스케줄, 방염 시험에 의한 화재 저항성과 흰개미에 의한 내충해성, 혼합 약제의 침투성 분석을 실시한 결과 마이크로파로 3 kW로 5분 급속 가열된 시험편은 목표 온도 및 함수율을 만족하는 것으로 나타났으며, 인산염과 헤테로고리화합물계가 혼합된 약제에 120분 침지할 경우 가장 높은 중량 증가율을 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 방염 후 처리 물품 시험을 실시한 결과 인산염과 혼합된 약제는 방염기준을 모두 만족하는 것으로 나타났으며, 흰개미 투입 후 7일 사충율을 확인한 결과 인산염과 헤테로고리화합물계 혼합 약제 침투 시험편의 경우 96% 이상 높은 사충율을 나타냄으로서 가장 우수한 특성을 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 목재 내부로 약제 침투성 분석을 실시한 결과 목재 세포내부 전면에 있어 혼합약제가 침투된 것으로 나타나 목재의 방염성 및 방충 저항성 등에서 우수한 성능의 발현은 혼합 약제의 균일한 침투때문으로 판단된다.

• 건축역사연구
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.9-23
• /
• 2001

This study is for the Kyungduk-Dan(as a altar of Milsung-Daegun) and The Manun-Jae the characteristics(lay out and planning, window patterns, structure, materials) of the the Korean traditional house during the modern era. Before Manun-Jae was used for the house. The Kyungduck-Dan was constructed in August according to the Lunar Calender in 1927. The Manun-Jae(house for Ki-hun Kang, millionaire ) was completed in 1924. Modern Architectures brought to Korea with the bricks, the tiles, the flash doors, the plate grasses, the brass hardwares. These architectural material was used in positive. During the construction of Manun-Jae in 1924, it happened the architectural exchage among a korean, a chinese and a japanese constructor. Though using the air exhaust valve at the kitchen of Ukyung-Kak( old Anchae), it could be assume that the modern convenience and the improvement of residential environments was considered at that period during the construction of Manun-Jae. That construction was elected with the brick($222mm{\times}106mm{\times}50mm$), the chinese colored tile and plate glass such a modem materials. The new shape of the korean lattice window and the wooden flash-door with glass was used. In Ukyung-Kak, the Chan-Maru(service space) and the kitchen such as a service space or concise utility zone was organically connected. Especially, considered the domesitic activity and circulation, the western kitchen sink and the Chan-Maru(service space) was rationally placed. At the Manun-Jae and the Kyungduck-Dan, the architectural characteristic is that the new shape of windows was used. The lattice window at the Ondol room of Ukyung-Kak, was rgadually added the plate glass and the wood plate. The lattice window with the grid shape at kitchen of that building was adapted japanese grid lattice window in korea at that period. It is the sample that korean traditional house was typically influenced from the japanese resident culture. The Manun-Jae and the Kyungduck-Dan as the modern house kept the form of korean traditional architecture, and was partially adapted a modern characteristic space and modern architectural materials. During the japanese occupancy, these residence can be showed the transition in formally.

• 한국산림과학회지
• /
• 제83권4호
• /
• pp.540-544
• /
• 1994

중부 지방에서 옥내의 목재 사용 4장소별로 기후치평형함수율은 온도와 상대습도를 근거하여 계산하고 실측평형함수율은 더그러스 퍼와 상수리나무 등 7수종의 기건 시험편을 1년간 공시하여 측정하였다. 조사된 각 장소의 연간 평균 온도과 상대습도는 아파트 안방이 $23.3^{\circ}C$와 54.9%, 아파트 거실은 $22.4^{\circ}C$와 59.5%, 사무실은 $20.1^{\circ}C$와 57.0%, 단독주택의 거실은 $19.4^{\circ}C$와 64.0%이었다. 년간 평균 기후치평형함수율과 실측평형함수율은 아파트 안방은 각각 10.2%와 9.7%, 아파트 거실은 각각 11.1%와 10.2%, 사무실은 각각 10.7%와 10.4% 그리고 단독주택의 거실은 각각 12.1%와 12.5%이었다. 카사이의 실측평형함수율은 전체 평균치보다 약간 컸었고 버즘나무와 아피통은 약간 적었다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
• /
• 제37권4호
• /
• pp.320-329
• /
• 2009

본 연구는 경골목조벽체의 구조적 안전성을 위협하고 주거환경을 열악하게 하는 벽체 내 수분축적을 감소시키기 위해 수행되었다. 이를 위해 벽체 구성 요소를 변화시켜 실험을 진행하였다. 벽체 구성요소는 방습지 및 공기층을 추가하였고, 이들의 변화에 따른 수분이동의 변화를 조사하기 위하여 실내외 온습도 차이가 뚜렷한 가혹조건에서 기본벽체와 제안벽체의 비교실험을 진행하였다. 실험결과 실내 측 방습지 추가로 방습성능을 높이는 것은 실내로부터의 수분이동 감소에 효과적으로 나타났지만 두 개의 방습지를 설치하는 경우 과도한 방습 성능이나 부적절한 위치선정으로 벽체의 내부의 상대습도를 높이는 것으로 나타났다. 공기층 추가는 환기 효과에 의해 벽체 내부에서 실외로 수분이동을 야기하였다. 공기층에 의해 실내로부터 벽체 내부로 유입되는 수분이동을 막을 대안을 찾는다면 환기에 의한 벽체 내 수분감소 효과를 극대화 할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.