• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• 제62권3호
• /
• pp.247-250
• /
• 2019

Wheat is one of the most important grains. Its consumption is increasing globally. Many countries are making efforts to increase the extent of wheat harvest. It is known that plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPRs) have beneficial effects on various plants. Two PGPRs including Paenibacillus pabuli strain P7S (PP7S) and Pseudomonas nitroreducens strain IHB (PnIHB) were employed to investigate effects of PGPRs on early growth of three wheat cultivars (Koso, Seakumkang, and Jokyung). While PP7S had adverse effects on Seakumkang and Jokyung, PP7S had positive effects on Koso except root length compared to control group having no treatment of PP7S. However, all treatments with PnIHB had adverse effects on germination rate, root/shoot lengths, vigor index, and dry root/shoot weights of all three wheat cultivars. These positive effects with PP7S on Koso might be related to the earlier emergence of wheat seed above soil which is known to be an indicator of increased yield. Results of the present study suggest that if proper PGPR strains are selected, they could have positive effects on early growth rate of a wheat cultivar.

• 한국작물학회지
• /
• 제26권2호
• /
• pp.174-178
• /
• 1981

한국의 기후에 적응성이 높을 Triticale을 육성하기 위하여 조숙 밀품종 중국8001와 호밀 재래종을 촉간교잡하여 새로 육성한 P-Tcl 의 농업적 특성을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같이 1. P-Tcl의 내한성은 밀 조광보다도 강하였으며 재래종 호밀과 비슷하였다. 2. 간장은 양친인 밀과 호밀의 중간 정도인 113cm로 장간이었으며 간은 약한 편이었다. 3. P-Tcl 의 출수 성숙기는 만숙 쪽으로 초월분리되는 것으로 보였으나 출수기로부터 개화기간은 춘파형 Triticale보다는 3～7일 짧았다. 4. P-Tcl의 수량성은 밀보다 낮았으며 이것은 수수가 적고 임실비율이 낮아진데 기인되는 것으로 보였으며 앞으로 내한다수성 추파 Triticale 육성을 위하여 임성과 수수의 증가가 요구되었다.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국작물학회 2022년도 추계학술대회
• /
• pp.20-20
• /
• 2022

A traditional wheat breeding program needs more than 12-13 years to develop a new cultivar. In recent years, 'Speed breeding (SB)' system, which uses extremely extended photoperiod (22 h), enabled up to 4-6 generations of spring wheat per year. However, since almost 70% of wheat cultivars are winter type, and over 95% of total cultivation area is for winter wheat in Korea, optimized vernalization treatment was essential for improving the SB system. Several vernalization temperatures and durations were tested with various genotypes, and the 4 weeks of 8-10 ℃ vernalization treatment was the most effective to develop 4 generations per year, for both spring and winter type wheat cultivars. This 'Speed vernalization (SV)' system followed by SB, allowed developing a new F₆ recombinant inbred lines (RILs) within 2 years. Among the 184 RILs, which derived from a cross between Jokoyung and Joongmo2008, two outstanding lines were selected for yield trial test, and then named Milyang52 and Milyang53. Compared to the traditional wheat breeding program, over 60% of the time was saved to develop these two lines. Marker-assisted selection and backcross were also combined with the SV system. YW3215-2B-1 (Jokoyung*3/Gamet), which has similar agronomic traits with Jokyoung and the same Glu-B1 allele with Garnet, was developed within 2.5 years. Thus, the SV system combined with molecular breeding technology would help breeders to make a new cultivar with less time and high efficiency.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
• /
• 제15권6호
• /
• pp.884-890
• /
• 2008

수입 밀가루와 국산 우리밀가루로 식빵을 제조하고 그 품질특성을 조사하였다. 일반성분의 수분과 조단백질 함량은 수입 밀가루가 가장 낮았고, 조회분 함량은 수입 밀가루 값이 가장 높게 나타내었다. pH 측정에서는 수입 밀가루가 가장 낮게 나타났으며, H.Y 우리밀가루가 가장 높게 나타났다. 색도는 수입 밀가루가 L, a값이 가장 낮게 나타났다. 식빵의 부피와 높이는 G.S 우리밀가루가 가장 낮았으며, 금강 우리 밀가루가 반죽수율과 비체적이 가장 높게 나타났다. 굽기 손실률은 G.R 우리밀가루가 가장 높았으며 G.S 우리밀가루가 가장 낮게 나타났다. 조직감에서는 경도(hardness)는 수입 밀가루가 가장 낮았고, 점착성(gumminess), 씹힙성(chewiness), 부착성(adhesiveness), 탄력성(springiness), 응집성(cohesiveness)은 가장 높게 나타났다. 관능평가에서는 맛과 향미에 대한 기호도의 경우 수입 밀가루보다 우리밀가루가의 모두 높은 점수를 나타내었다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• 제21권11호
• /
• pp.1127-1142
• /
• 2011

The aim of this investigation was to select effective Pseudomonas sp. strains that can enhance the productivity of soybean-wheat cropping systems in Vertisols of Central India. Out of 13 strains of Pseudomonas species tested in vitro, only five strains displayed plant growth-promoting (PGP) properties. All the strains significantly increased soil enzyme activities, except acid phosphatase, total system productivity, and nutrient uptake in field evaluation; soil nutrient status was not significantly influenced. Available data indicated that six strains were better than the others. Principal component analysis (PCA) coupled cluster analysis of yield and nutrient data separated these strains into five distinct clusters with only two effective strains, GRP3 and HHRE81 in cluster IV. In spite of single cluster formation by strains GRP3 and HHRE81, they were diverse owing to greater intracluster distance (4.42) between each other. These results suggest that the GRP3 and HHRE81 strains may be used to increase the productivity efficiency of soybean-wheat cropping systems in Vertisols of Central India. Moreover, the PCA coupled cluster analysis tool may help in the selection of other such strains.

• 한국유기농업학회지
• /
• 제7권2호
• /
• pp.153-161
• /
• 1999

No-till direct-sown rice-wheat relaying cropping system has major advantages such as labor and cost saving by eliminating tillage and preparation of seed bed and transplanting. In this system, rice sowing was done simultaneously wheat harvesting. A paddy field experiment was conducted to evaluate effects of no-till years on soil microbial changes and soil physico-chemical characteristics with rice growth and development. Chemical fertilizers and agricultrual chemicals was not applied in no-till system. As the year in no-till direct-sown system the air permeability was increased and after water submerging soluble nitrogen was released Aerobic microbial-n was highest in May and then decreased after water irrigation. The population of aerobic soil microorganisms were steeply decreased after water submerging Soil microorganisms was decreased with the increased the soil depth. A month was needed for the seedling establishment in a no-tillage rice-wheat cropping system. Increased cropping years improved leaf greenness and leaf area index(LAI). But stomatal conductance(Gc) was higher in conventional cultivation system than no-till system. Stomatal conductance at panicle initiation stage was increased higher in conventional condition of leaves but the difference between conventional and no-till system was increased at heading stage. In no-till 4 years condition rice grain yield was spikelet numbers per panicle.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
• /
• 제66권2호
• /
• pp.295-309
• /
• 2024

To investigate the effect of dietary supplementation with a fermented mixture of bean dregs and wheat bran (FBW) on sow performance. FBW was given to sows during late gestation and lactation; in total, 24 sows were randomly assigned to 4 groups (control diet; 3% FBW diet; 6% FBW diet; 9% FBW diet, n = 6). The weight ratio of bean dregs (wet) to wheat bran was 4:6. Sows were fed different diets from 85 d of gestation until weaning. The results showed that supplementation with FBW increased average daily feed intake (ADFI) during lactation (p < 0.05). FBW supplementation also increased litter weight and milk yield (p < 0.05). The contents of Escherichia coli in the feces of the treatment groups were significantly reduced by FBW supplementation (p < 0.01). FBW supplementation significantly improved the fecal morphology (p < 0.05), alleviating sows' constipation. In conclusion, FBW could increase the ADFI, improve lactation and piglet litter weight in sows and reduce the pathogenic bacterial content in sow feces and constipation.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제18권5호
• /
• pp.704-710
• /
• 2005

The objective of this experiment was to compare corn and wheat in finishing pig diets in order to determine whether performance, carcass quality, fatty acid composition or fat colour is altered by choice of cereal grain. A total of 126 crossbred pigs were used in this experiment. At the start of the experiment, a portion of the experimental animals were assigned to receive a wheat-based diet formulated using soybean meal as the sole source of supplementary protein. The remainder of the pigs were assigned to a corn-based diet formulated to supply a similar level of lysine (0.65%) and energy (3,300 kcal/kg DE). At two week intervals, a portion of the pigs on the corn-based diet were switched to the wheat-based diet so that a gradient was produced with pigs being fed the corn and wheatbased diets for different proportions of the finishing period ranging from 100% on wheat to 100% on corn. There were no significant differences in the growth rate of pigs fed the two diets (p = 0.834). Pigs fed wheat tended to consume slightly less feed (p = 0.116) and had a significantly improved feed conversion (p = 0.048) compared with pigs fed corn. Choice of cereal did not affect dressing percentage (p = 0.691), carcass value index (p = 0.146), lean yield (p = 0.134), loin fat (p = 0.127) or loin lean (p = 0.217). Fatty acid composition of backfat was unaffected by the cereal grain fed (p>0.05). Total saturated fatty acid content was 33.31% for both corn and wheat fed pigs (p = 0.997) while the polyunsaturated fatty acid content was 12.01% for corn fed pigs and 11.21% for wheat fed pigs (p = 0.257). The polyunsaturated/saturated ratio was 0.36 for pigs fed corn and 0.34 for pigs fed wheat (p = 0.751). Hunter Lab Colour Scores indicated no difference either in the whiteness or yellowness of the fat. In conclusion, wheat can substitute for corn in growingfinishing pig rations without detrimental effects on pig performance. There were no differences in either the fatty acid composition of backfat or in backfat colour indicating that the decision to use wheat vs. corn needs to be made on economic grounds rather than being based on their effects on fat quality.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
• /
• 제29권2호
• /
• pp.111-120
• /
• 2009

조사료 생산에 유망한 동계작물중 보리, 밀, 호밀, 귀리, 트리티케일(라이밀) 등 5종의 총체맥류에 대하여 월동 후 예취시기에 따른 생육 및 조사료 생산성에 관한 생장곡선을 조사하기 위하여 충남 예산군 소재의 충남농업기술원 답리작 포장에서 2006${\sim}$2007년에 수행한 결과는 다음과 같다. 지상부 건물중에서 줄기가 차지하는 비율은 월동 후 점차 증가하다가 어느 정점부터는 감소하는 2차원적인 경향을 보였는데, 줄기의 구성비율이 최고가 되는 시기는 각각 영양 보리 5월 1일, 금강 밀 5월 5일, 곡우 호밀 5월 10일, 신영 트리티케일 5월 11일, 삼한 귀리 5월 13일경이었다. 잎은 월동 후 성숙이 진행될수록 직선적으로 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 이삭이 차지하는 비율은 영양 보리가 출수 후 직선적으로 증가하였는데 밀, 트리티케일, 귀리에 비하여 높았고, 호밀이 가장 낮았다. 영양 보리가 출수기 이후에 다른 총체맥류에 비하여 줄기의 구성비율이 낮고 이삭과 잎의 구성비율이 높은 전형적인 총체맥류에 속하였고, 다음은 밀과 귀리이었으며, 호밀은 알곡 비율이 적은 조사료 작물에 해당하였다. 사일리지 제조에 알맞은 수분 함량(60${\sim}$ 70%에 도달하는 시기는 영양 보리 5월 25일, 금강 밀 5월 25일${\sim}$6월 5일, 삼한 귀리 6월 5일이었고, 이 때 생체수량은 곡우호밀>삼한 귀리>신영 트리티케일>영양 보리>금강 밀 순으로 높았다. 생체수량은 월동 후 생육이 진전됨에 따라 증가하다가 일정시기 이후 감소하는 경향을 보였는데, 중부지역에서 생체수량이 최대로 되는 시기는 영양 보리 5월 7일경, 금강 밀 5월 14경, 곡우 호밀 5월 9일, 신영 트리티케일 5월 17일경, 삼한 귀리 5월 말이었다. 건물수량은 4종의 총체맥류 모두 월동 후 성숙기까지 직선적으로 증가하는 양상을 보였고, 사일리지 제조에 알맞은 수분 함량에 도달하는 시기에 조사한 건물수량은 귀리 > 보리 > 밀 > 트리티케일 > 호밀 순으로 높았다. 상대 생장률은 월동 후 서서히 증가하다가 정점 이후로 감소하는 2차원적인 생장을 보였는데, 월동 후 예취시기가 빠를수록 곡우 호밀이 높은 상대생장률을 보였고, 예취시기가 늦을수록 삼한 귀리가 높았으며, 금강 밀, 영양 보리, 신영 트리티케일은 비슷한 상대생장률을 보였다.

• 공업화학
• /
• 제29권6호
• /
• pp.663-669
• /
• 2018

초음파 추출공정을 이용하여 밀싹으로부터 유효성분을 추출하고, 중심합성계획모델을 이용하여 추출공정을 최적화하였다. 중심합성계획모델의 반응치로는 추출수율과 플라보노이드성분 함량을 설정하고, 독립변수인 추출시간, 주정/초순수 부피비, 초음파 조사세기에 따른 주효과도와 교호효과도를 해석하였다. 추출수율의 경우 주정/초순수의 부피비와 초음파 조사세기가 상대적으로 큰 영향을 미쳤으며, 플라보노이드성분 함량의 경우에는 추출시간의 영향이 가장 크게 나타났다. 추출수율과 플라보노이드성분 함량을 모두 고려한 결과 최적조건은 추출시간(17.00 min), 주정/초순수의 부피비(50.25 vol%), 초음파 조사세기(551.70 W)이며, 이때 예측 추출수율은 28.43 wt%, 예측 플라보노이드성분 함량은 $29.99{\mu}g\;QE/mL\;dw$을 얻을 수 있었다. 실험을 통해 유효성분 추출수율(28.73 wt%), 플라보노이드성분 함량 ($29.65{\mu}g\;QE/mL\;dw$)의 실험값을 얻을 수 있었으며, 이를 예측값과 비교했을 때 오차율은 각각 1.05, 1.13%이다.