• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제64권4호
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• pp.172-179
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• 2021

Background: Evidence shows that fluconazole prophylaxis is an effective treatment against invasive fungal infections in preterm neonates, however, the most efficient schedule of fluconazole prophylaxis for the colonization and mortality of invasive candidiasis (IC) is unknown. Purpose: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the efficiency of different prophylactic fluconazole schedules in controlling IC colonization, infection, and mortality in very low birth weight (VLBW) and extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants in neonatal intensive care units. Methods: We searched the PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Cochrane databases using the keywords "candida," "invasive candidiasis," "IC," "fluconazole prophylaxis," "preterm infants," "very low birth weight infants," "VLBW," "extremely low birth weight," and "ELBW." Results: Mortality was significantly decreased in a meta-analysis of studies using different fluconazole prophylaxis regimens. The meta-analysis also indicated a significant decrease in the incidence of IC-associated mortality in ELBW infants using the same fluconazole prophylaxis schedules. Conclusion: Future studies should explore the effectiveness of other different fluconazole prophylaxis schedules on IC colonization, infection, and mortality.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.123-131
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• 1997

The influence of (-0-Hydroxycitrate(HCA), shown to be a competitive inhibitor of adenosine 5-triphosphate(ATP) citrate lyase, on food intake and body weight, serum triglyceride and cholosterol level, in vivo rates of fatty acid and cholesterol synthesis, and fat cell number and size was investigated. 3 groups of female, 5 weeks old Sprague Dawley rats, 8 animals each, were ad libitum meal-fed or pair-fed(3 hours from 10 : 00 to 13 : 00) AIN based high glucose diet for a total period of 8 weeks. Providing normolipidemic rats orally with 400mg of HCA formula containing approximately 20mg of HCA 1 hour prior to daily feeding schedule significantly depressed in vivo hepatic rates of fatty acid and cholesterol synthesis in the liver and adipose tissue. Serum triglyceride and cholesterol levels were significantly reduced by HCA. At the end of treatment period, the rats administered with HCA resulted in a significantly reduction in body weight gain. The reduction in weights was attributable to a significant decrease in fat cell size with a smaller extent, but not significant, reduction in fat cell number. Rats receiving HCA demonstrated less food intake than the controls ; however, this decreased caloric intake was not fully responsible for the HCA induced depression of hepatic and adipocytic lipogenesis, since experiment using pair-fed cojntrol rats showed, less magnitude but similar results. Both a anorectic and an antilipogenic properties of HCA seem to be responsible for this weight reduction activity of HCA. The outcome of this study suggest that metabolic regulation may be a feasible approach to the control of obesity and hyperlipidemia.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.111-117
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• 2017

PURPOSE: To determine the effect of weight ball throw training as a preparatory exercise before golf practice for 8 weeks on back muscle strength, weight shifting of lower body, head speed of club, and driving distance of amateur golfers. METHODS: A total of 18 subjects were randomly assigned to the experimental group (n=9) and the control group (n=9), respectively. For the experimental group, Weight ball throw training was provided to the height of waist and shoulder similar to golf swing with the following schedule: 3 kg weight ball throw training from the first week to the 4th week; 5 kg weight ball throw training from the 5th week to the 8th week. Before and after 8 weeks of training, back muscle strength, weight shifting of lower body, head speed of club, and driving distance of subjects in the two groups were measured. RESULTS: The experimental group showed significant differences in rotational back extension torque, weight shifting of lower body, head speed of club, and driving distance during golf swing (p<.05). However, the control group only showed significant difference in driving distance during golf swing (p<.05). Back extension torque, weight shifting of lower body, and head speed of club showed significant differences between the two groups during golf swing (p<.05). CONCLUSION: Weight ball throw training can positively change rotational back muscle strength, weight shifting of lower body, head speed of club, and driving distance of amateur golfers. Therefore, it might be used as an effective warming up exercise for amateur golfers.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.269-272
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• 2004

Different methods of cold storing of bivoltine eggs are in practice to postpone hatching. Bivoltine eggs undergo hibernation if they are not acid treated within 20 - 24 hrs of oviposition, which depends on race, ambient temperature and humidity. The schedules adopted for cold storing include hibernation schedule (Hib), ordinary chilling (OC), short term chilling (STC) and acid treated layings (AT). Peanut cocooning race ${NB_4}{D_2}$ has been subjected for the present assessment. Cocoons harvested from the crop pertaining to all the four methods of cold storing have been used for producing different combinations and acid treated followed by rearing. The performance in respect of chawki loss, maximum larval weight 4({5^th} age)$, yield/ 10,000 larvae (no), cocoon and shell weight showed maximum values for hibernation ${\times}$ hibernation combination followed hibernation with OC and hibernation with AT. Lowest performance was recorded when STC batch source females were used.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2010년도 춘계 학술논문 발표대회 2부
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• pp.103-108
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to analyze of the risk factors for oversea plants construction projects. For this study, risk factors data from related literature review, research organization and construction company was researched and classified under each EPC phases. In addition, a questionnaire survey by plant experts was conducted for analysis of risk weight and costs and time impact on each EPC phases. The results of this study are as follows: First, a detail design errors(engineering phase), a equipment procurement plan(procurement phase), and exchange rate fluctuations(construction phase) were analyzed the highest weight factors. Second, a financing plan(engineering phase), quantity take-off bill(procurement phase), and exchange rate fluctuations(construction phase) were analyzed the highest cost impact factors. Third, detail design errors(engineering phase), a equipment procurement plan(procurement phase), and schedule management errors(construction phase) were analyzed the highest time impact factors.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제28권5D호
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• pp.685-694
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• 2008

최근의 건설공사는 복잡한 공정으로 이루어진 대형공사가 점차 증가되고 있다. 이에 따라 클레임 발생 빈도가 증가하고 있으며 이 중에서 공기지연을 사유로 한 클레임은 가장 많은 비중을 차지하고 있다. 이를 해결하기 위하여 공기지연사유를 분석하여 책임일수를 산정하는 기법들이 국내외에서 다양하게 연구되고 있으며, 복잡한 지연 분석과정을 자동화하여 책임일수 산정결과를 손쉽게 도출할 수 있는 시스템 개발도 요구되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 신뢰성이 있는 시간경과에 따른 분석방법을 기반으로 결과론적 분석방법과 단축일수를 고려한 방법론을 도출하였다. 이를 바탕으로 책임일수 산정 시스템을 구축하고 사례 데이터를 적용하여 실제 분석정보와 비교함으로써 활용성을 검증하였다.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:시스템및이론
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• 제33권10호
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• pp.722-733
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• 2006

계층적 압축 기법을 지원하는 스트리밍 시스템 응용은 제한된 네트워크 자원의 효과적인 활용과 사용자가 느끼는 화질을 최대로 해야 한다. 이를 위해서는 적절한 전송 계층의 선택 및 패킷 인터벌 결정이 이루어져야 한다. 본 논문에서는 계층이 갖는 화질의 영향력을 바탕으로 패킷 인터벌 결정 및 계층 선택 알고리즘 SAPS를 제시한다. 인터-프레임 압축 기법을 사용하는 비디오 스트리밍 시스템에서 패킷 손실의 감소만으로는 재생 화질의 향상을 이룰 수 없고, 재생 화질에 높은 영향력을 가진 패킷의 복원율이 높아질 때, 비로소 재생 화질이 향상된다. SAPS는 패킷의 의존성 그래프를 바탕으로 전송 계층을 결정하며, 이렇게 결정된 전송 계층은 사용자가 느끼는 서비스의 품질을 최대로 만든다. 또한, 선택된 계층에 대한 패킷의 인터벌 조절을 통해 계층 선택에 의한 효과가 유지되도록 한다. 실험을 통해 SAPS 알고리즘이 사용자가 느끼는 서비스 품질의 향상뿐만 아니라, 네트워크 자원 활용도 효과적으로 이루고 있음을 보여준다.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.101-111
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• 2000

In order to introduce P.S.M. system adequate to domestic construction first, many cases similar to advanced foreign P.S.M. system have been collected and compared to the domestic situation. Then, the current safety management status of bridges, subways, apartment and office building construction are investigated while visiting interview, using questionnaire at site have being done. The potential hazard and measurement have been investigated for each kind of works, and the domestic introducing method of P.S.M. system is analyzed with expert discussion. In order to represent how to make out P.S.M. plan, the questionnaire is made out using each five place for bridge, subways, apartment and office building. As the weight factor for potential hazard of each work obtained from more than forty site places, is produced and shown. Also, a direction the recommendation is suggested to improve tool in each construction site with work schedule. It is thought that proposed schedule contributed to keeping in safe business administration of each company in decreasing many effort at the construction site.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.581-590
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• 1998

We developed a novel water-soluble camptothecin analobue, CKD602, and evaluated the inhibition of topoisomerase I and the antitumor activities against mammalian tumor cells and human tumor xenografts. CKD602 was a nanomolar inhibitor of the topoisomerase I enzyme in the cleavable complex assay. CKD602 was found to be 3 times and slightly more potent than topotecan and camptothecin as inhibitors of topoisomerase, respecitively. In tumor cell cytotoxicity, CKD602 was more potent than topotecan in 14 out of 26 human cancer cell lines tested, while it was comparable to camptothecin. CKD602 was tested for the in vivo antitumor activity against the human tumor xenograft models. CKD602 was able to imduce regression of established HT-29, WIDR and CX-1 colon tumors, LX-1 lung tumor, MX-1 breast tumor and SKOV-3 ovarian tumor as much as 80, 94, 76, 67, 87% and 88%, respectively, with comparable body weight changes to those of topotecan. Also the therapeutic margin (R/Emax: maximum tolerance dose/$ED-{58}$) of CKD602 was significantly higher than that of topotecan by 4 times. Efficacy was determined at the maximal tolerated dose levels using schedule dependent i.p. administration in mice bearing L1210 leukemia. On a Q4dx4 (every 4 day for 4 doses) schedule, the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) was 25 mg/kg per administration, which caused great weight loss and lethality in <5% tumor bearing mouse. this schedule brought significant increase in life span (ILS), 212%, with 33% of long-term survivals. The ex vivo antitumor activity of CKD602 was compared with that of topotecan and the mean antitumor index (ATI) values recorded for CKD602 were significantly higher than that noted for topotecan. From these results, CKD602 warrants further clinical investigations as a potent inhibitor of topoisomerase I.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.49-53
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• 1971

The anthelmentic effects of Fuadin (sodium antimony-III-bis-pyrocatechin-disulphonate), Bithionol 2-2-thiobis 4,6-dichlorophenol)), hexachlorethane and carbon tetrachloride were studied on Eurytrema pancreaticum infected in sheep and goats. The evaluation on the effects was based upon the egg reduction in the feces of the experimental animals administered the drugs. The number of eggs per 5gm. of the feces was respectively calculated before the treatments, and the follw-up for the egg reductions was carried out over a period of three or four weeks(calculated twice a week). Oral administration of Bithionol (once a day for 2 succeed days, at the rate of 75 mg per kg of bady weight) and of hexachlorethane (once a day, at the rate of 300ml per kg of body weight) did not reveal any egg reduction in sheep host. Intramuscular injection of carbon tetrachloride with olive oil (once a day, at the rate of 0.05ml per kg of body weight) did not show the egg reduction in goats. Intramuscular injections of Fuadin for 5 days (the dosage schedule was 0.5ml at 1st day, 1.0ml at 2nd and 3rd day, 1.5ml at 4th and 5th day, to amount of 5.5ml) were completely devoid the fluke eggs in the feces of goats on 4 weeks after each treatment. Throughout the studies, Fuadin was only proved its anthelmintic effect to the goats infected with E. pancreaticum. On the other hand, Bithional, hexachlorethane and carbon tetrachloride did not reveal any effect as Fuadin showed.