• Atmosphere
• /
• v.24 no.4
• /
• pp.523-532
• /
• 2014

In this study, thermal tropopause height defined from WMO (World Meteorological Organization) using temperature profile derived from Advance Microwave Sounding Unit-A (AMSU-A; hereafter named AMSU) onboard EOS (Earth Observing System) Aqua satellite is retrieved. The temperature profile of AMSU was validated by comparison with the radiosonde data observed at Osan weather station. The validation in the upper atmosphere from 500 to 100 hPa pressure level showed that correlation coefficients were in the range of 0.85~0.97 and the bias was less than 1 K with Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of ~3 K. Thermal tropopause height was retrieved by using AMSU temperature profile. The bias and RMSE were found to be -5~ -37 hPa and 45~67 hPa, respectively. Correlation coefficients were in the range of 0.5 to 0.7. We also analyzed the change of tropopause height and temperature in middle troposphere in the extreme heavy rain event (23 October, 2003) associated with tropopause folding. As a result, the distinct descent of tropopause height and temperature decrease of ~8 K at 500 hPa altitude were observed at the hour that maximum precipitation and maximum wind speed occurred. These results were consistent with ERA (ECMWF Reanalysis)-Interim data (potential vorticity, temperature) in time and space.

• Atmosphere
• /
• v.27 no.1
• /
• pp.93-104
• /
• 2017

The effect of Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit-A (AMSU-A) observations on the short-range forecast in East Asia (EA) was investigated for the Northern Hemispheric (NH) summer and winter months, using the Forecast Sensitivity to Observations (FSO) method. For both periods, the contribution of radiosonde (TEMP) to the EA forecast was largest, followed by AIRCRAFT, AMSU-A, Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI), and the atmospheric motion vector of Communication, Ocean and Meteorological Satellite (COMS) or Multi-functional Transport Satellite (MTSAT). The contribution of AMSU-A sensor was largely originated from the NOAA 19, NOAA 18, and MetOp-A (NOAA 19 and 18) satellites in the NH summer (winter). The contribution of AMSU-A sensor on the MetOp-A (NOAA 18 and 19) satellites was large at 00 and 12 UTC (06 and 18 UTC) analysis times, which was associated with the scanning track of four satellites. The MetOp-A provided the radiance data over the Korea Peninsula in the morning (08:00~11:30 LST), which was important to the morning forecast. In the NH summer, the channel 5 observations on MetOp-A, NOAA 18, 19 along the seaside (along the ridge of the subtropical high) increased (decreased) the forecast error slightly (largely). In the NH winter, the channel 8 observations on NOAA 18 (NOAA 15 and MetOp-A) over the Eastern China (Tibetan Plateau) decreased (increased) the forecast error. The FSO provides useful information on the effect of each AMSU-A sensor on the EA forecasts, which leads guidance to better use of AMSU-A observations for EA regional numerical weather prediction.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
• /
• v.27 no.5
• /
• pp.535-544
• /
• 2009

Signals from the Global Positioning System(GPS) satellite are used to retrieve the integrated amount of water vapor or the precipitable water vapor(PWV) along the path between a transmitting satellite and ground-based receiver. In order to retrieve the PWV from GPS signal delay in the troposphere, the actual zenith wet delay, which can be derived by extracting the zenith total delay and subtracting the actual zenith hydrostatic delay computed using surface pressure observing, will be needed. Since it has been not co-located between GPS permanent station and automated weather station, the air-pressure on the mean sea level has been used to determine the actual zenith hydrostatic delay. The directly use of this air-pressure has been caused the dilution of precision on GPS PWV retrieval. In this study, Korean reverse sea level correction method of air-pressure was suggested for the improving of GPS PWV retrieval capability and the accuracy of water vapor estimated by GPS was evaluated through a comparison with radiosonde PWV.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
• /
• v.59 no.3
• /
• pp.29-39
• /
• 2017

In this study, the GPM (Global Precipitation Mission) IMERG (Integrated Multi-satellitE retrievals for GPM) rainfall data was verified and evaluated using ground AWS (Automated Weather Station) and radar in order to investigate the availability of GPM IMERG rainfall data. The SPI (Standardized Precipitation Index) was calculated based on the GPM IMERG data and also compared with the results obtained from the ground observation data for the Hoengseong Dam and Yongdam Dam areas. For the radar data, 1.5 km CAPPI rainfall data with a resolution of 10 km and 30 minutes was generated by applying the Z-R relationship ($Z=200R^{1.6}$) and used for accuracy verification. In order to calculate the SPI, PERSIANN_CDR and TRMM 3B42 were used for the period prior to the GPM IMERG data availability range. As a result of latency verification, it was confirmed that the performance is relatively higher than that of the early run mode in the late run mode. The GPM IMERG rainfall data has a high accuracy for 20 mm/h or more rainfall as a result of the comparison with the ground rainfall data. The analysis of the time scale of the SPI based on GPM IMERG and changes in normal annual precipitation adequately showed the effect of short term rainfall cases on local drought relief. In addition, the correlation coefficient and the determination coefficient were 0.83, 0.914, 0.689 and 0.835, respectively, between the SPI based GPM IMERG and the ground observation data. Therefore, it can be used as a predictive factor through the time series prediction model. We confirmed the hydrological utilization and the possibility of real time drought monitoring using SPI based on GPM IMERG rainfall, even though results presented in this study were limited to some rainfall cases.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
• /
• v.43 no.1
• /
• pp.72-78
• /
• 2015

Recently, the usage of the satellite is increased more and more in the areas that are communication, weather, marine, optical, radar etc. The functions of the Satellite are evolving from passive transponder to active transponder by the developing of a technology. Advanced countries in satellites install the DCAMP for increase of bandwidth efficiency, improvement of QoS by interference rejection. DCAMP includes many digital components in order to implement functions. Thus, these kinds of active transponders consume much more power compared to passive transponder and then increase the heat. In this paper, we discuss the TVAC test result of DCAMP in EQM(Engineering Qualification Model) level. The paper shows the test results of digital gain control in order to verify DCAMP status under the TVAC test. In addition, the temperature and heat condition of main components from viewpoint of derating will be treated through the official environment test for qualification.

• Atmosphere
• /
• v.29 no.5
• /
• pp.639-658
• /
• 2019

The classification of fog type and the characteristics of fog based on fog events over South Korea were investigated using a 3-year (2015~2017) visibility meter data. One-minute visibility meter data were used to identify fog with present weather codes and surface observation data. The concept of fog events was adopted for the better definition of fog properties and more objective classification through the detailed investigation of life cycle of fog. Decision tree method was used to classify the fog types and the final fog types were radiation fog, advection fog, precipitation fog, cloud base lowering fog and morning evaporation fog. We enhanced objectivity in classifying the types of fog by adding the satellite and the buoy observations to the conventional usage of AWS and ceilometer data. Radiation fog, the most common type in South Korea, frequently occurs in inland during autumn. A considerable number of advection fogs occur in island area in summer, especially in July. Precipitation fog accounts for more than a quarter of the total fog events and frequently occurs in islands and coastal areas. Cloud base lowering fog, classified using ceilometer, occurs occasionally for all areas but the occurrence rate is relatively high in east and west coastal area. Morning evaporation fog type is rarely observed in inland. The occurrence rate of thick fog with visibility less than 100 meters is amount to 21% of total fog events. Although advection fog develops into thick fog frequently, radiation fog shows the minimum visibility, in some cases.

• Journal of Satellite, Information and Communications
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.94-98
• /
• 2017

In this paper, we design a transmission / receiver structure to provide additional data service based on Mobile MMT in hybrid network environment. Mobile MMT is an extended standard of MMT, the next generation multimedia transmission protocol. MMT defines technologies for efficiently transmitting multimedia and supporting various types of data transmission and bidirectional services over heterogeneous networks based on IP. The Mobile MMT further defines the extended functions to provide functions specific to the mobile network based on the existing MMT technology. In this paper, we design and propose a additional data service scenario and additional data transmission / receiver structure that can receive additional data related to contents delivered through broadcasting network and additional data such as traffic, weather, traveler information related to user information.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
• /
• v.62 no.6
• /
• pp.11-20
• /
• 2020

We estimated the spatio-temporally distributed soil moisture using Sentinel-1A/B SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar) sensor images and soil moisture data assimilation technique in South Korea. Soil moisture data assimilation technique can extract the hydraulic parameters of soils using observed soil moisture and GA (Genetic Algorithm). The SWAP (Soil Water Atmosphere Plant) model associated with a soil moisture assimilation technique simulates the soil moisture using the soil hydraulic parameters and meteorological data as input data. The soil moisture based on Sentinel-1A/B was validated and evaluated using the pearson correlation and RMSE (Root Mean Square Error) analysis between estimated soil moisture and TDR soil moisture. The soil moisture data assimilation technique derived the soil hydraulic parameters using Sentinel-1A/B based soil moisture images, ASOS (Automated Synoptic Observing System) weather data and TRMM (Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission)/GPM (Global Precipitation Measurement) rainfall data. The derived soil hydrological parameters as the input data to SWAP were used to simulate the daily soil moisture values at the spatial domain from 2001 to 2018 using the TRMM/GPM satellite rainfall data. Overall, the simulated soil moisture estimates matched well with the TDR measurements and Sentinel-1A/B based soil moisture under various land surface conditions (bare soil, crop, forest, and urban).

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
• /
• v.31 no.6
• /
• pp.583-598
• /
• 2015

This paper presents derivation of background temperature from geostationary satellite and its validation based on ground measurements and Geographic Information System (GIS) for future use in weather and surface heat variability. This study only focuses on daily and monthly brightness temperature in 2012. From the analysis of COMS Meteorological Data Processing System (CMDPS) data, we have found an error in cloud distribution of model, which used as a background temperature field, and in examining the spatial homogeneity. Excessive cloudy pixels were reconstructed by statistical reanalysis based on consistency of temperature measurement. The derived Brightness temperature has correlation of 0.95, bias of 0.66 K and RMSE of 4.88 K with ground station measurements. The relation between brightness temperature and both elevation and vegetated land cover were highly anti-correlated during warm season and daytime, but marginally correlated during cold season and nighttime. This result suggests that time varying emissivity data is required to derive land surface temperature.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
• /
• 2016.05a
• /
• pp.226-226
• /
• 2016

최근 이상기상현상과 기후변화로 인하여 국지적인 집중호우의 빈도 및 규모가 증가하고 있으며, 이로 인한 돌발 홍수피해가 증가하고 있다. 이러한 홍수 피해를 줄이기 위해서는 정확도가 우수한 초단시간(1~2시간 이내) 예측 강우량 정보가 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 집중호우에 대한 초단시간예보 및 실황 예측을 위해 시공간적으로 고해상도 자료를 제공할 수 있는 기상레이더 강우자료와 위성영상 자료를 결합하여 초단기 강수 예측기법 개발 연구를 수행하였다. 또한 기상레이더 강우량은 지상강우관측에 비해 정확성이 낮고, 많은 불확실성을 포함하고 있으므로, 위성영상에서 산출되는 강우자료와 결합하여 강우추정의 정확도를 개선하고자 하였다. 레이더 볼륨자료에서 반사도 자료를 추출하여, 1.5km CAPPI(Constant Altitude Plan Position Indicator) 자료를 생성하고, 반사도 CAPPI 자료의 패턴 상관분석을 통하여 강우시스템의 최적 이동벡터를 산출하였다. 또한 이동벡터를 고려하여 시공간적으로 외삽하여 강우이동 예측 모델을 개발하고, 초기자료로 레이더와 천리안 위성(Communication, Ocean and Meteorological Satellite, COMS) 영상자료에서 생성되는 강우자료를 결합한 강수장 자료를 이용하여 강수 예측장을 생성하였다. 레이더-위성 결합 초단기 강우예측 모델의 정확성 검증을 위하여 2014년 8월 25일 부산 및 영남 지역에 발생한 집중호우 사례에 대하여 지상기상자동관측시스템(Automatic Weather System, AWS) 강우 측정 결과를 비교 분석 하였으며, 그 적용 가능성을 검증하였다. 초단기 강우예측 분석 결과 지상강우자료와의 오차가 발생하나, 추후 여러 통계적 후처리 과정을 통하여 그 성능이 개선될 것으로 보이며, 보다 정확한 강우량 예측을 위해서는 지속적인 알고리즘 개선 및 모형의 검 보정이 필요할 것으로 사료된다.