• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.237-243
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• 2006

본 연구는 품질 특성과 기능성을 가진 국수를 개발하기 위하여 치자 분말을 물과 70% 에탄올로 추출하여 추출물의 전자공여능, 아질산염 소거능 및 저장성을 검토하고 치자 분말을 $0{\sim}0.3%$ 첨가한 국수의 품질특성을 검토하였다. 치자 추출물의 전자공여능은 물 및 에탄올 추출물 모두에서 농도가 증가함에 따라 전자공여능도 증가하였으며 $300{\sim}1,000$ ppm 농도에서 물 추출물은 $65{\sim}86%$, 에탄올 추출물은 $69{\sim}91%$로 우수한 항산화능을 나타내었다. 치자 추출물 의 아질산염 소거능은 물 및 에탄올 추출물 모두 pH 1.2에서 가장 높았고, pH 1.2에서 물추출물과 에탄올 추출물 1,000 ppm의 아질산염 소거능은 각각 79%, 88%로서 우수한 아질산염 소거능을 나타내었다. 치자를 첨가한 국수 생면을 $5^{\circ}C$에서 4주일간 저장하였을 때 치자 첨가량이 증가할수록 총균수는 낮았으며 치자 첨가에 의하여 국수의 저장성이 향상되었다. 치자 국수의 색도 측정 결과, 적색도(a)는 치자의 첨가량이 증가할수록 감소하여 부의 수치를 나타내었으며 건면보다는 삶은 면에서 더 큰 폭으로 감소하였다. 황색도(b)는 건면과 삶은 면 모두 치자의 첨가 농도에 비례하여 유의적으로 증가하였다(p<0.05). 치자 국수의 건면과 삶은 면의 관능검사 결과, 색, 향, 맛과 종합적인 기호도에서 0.2와 0.3% 첨가 국수가 가장 높은 기호도를 나타내어 치자 국수 제조시에 치자분말의 최적 첨가농도는 0.2-0.3%가 바람직할 것으로 판단된다.

• 생약학회지
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• 제38권2호통권149호
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• pp.108-112
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• 2007

We examined the inhibitory activities against monoamine oxidase (MAO) of Gardenia jasminoides in vitro and in vivo methods. Methanolic extract and ethylacetate fraction of Gardenia jasminoides fruit showed a significant inhibitory activity on MAO-A and MAO-B in vitro. The IC$_{50}$ values of each fraction on MAO-A and MAO-B are as fo11owed; total methanol extracts 1.23 and 1.34 mg/ml, EtOAc fraction 0.72 and 0.77 mg/ml. Water-soluble fraction also showed IC$_{50}$ values of 0.81 mg/ml on MAO-B. MAO-A activity was increased by the oral administration of ethanolic extract of G. jasminoides, while MAO-B activity was decreased. The concentration of serotonin of brain tissue administrated of ethanolic extract of G. jasminoides is slightly increased in rat. This tendency is not different from the activity of deprenyl which is a well known MAO inhibitor was used as a positive control. Consequently, we suggest that G. jasminoides may have the effects on the inhibitory activity against MAO This activity of G. jasminoides is considerable for development of functional materials for treatment and control of depression, dementia, Parkinson' disease, stress and promoting exercise, etc.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.543-547
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of water extract of Gardenia jasminoides (WEGJ) on the sensory qualities, color value and shelf-life characteristics (pH, total no. of Bacillus and TBA value) of cooked rice. The total color difference(ΔE) was increased when WEGJ was added. The sensory dualities of cooked rice added with WEGJ had no significant difference in color, taste and torture compared with control group. The pH value of cooked rice addeded with 250 ppm and 500 ppm of WEGJ was less declined compared with control group. WEGJ at the concentration of 250 ppm and 500 ppm had an antimicrobial activity and WEGJ at 500ppm showed an antioxidant activity in cooked rice.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.118-125
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• 2008

Gardenia jasminoides (G. jasminoides) is traditionally used to treat insomnia, jaundice, emotional disorders, hepatic disease, and inflammatory disease. Previously, we found that geniposide and the water extract of G. jasminoides increased $Cl^-$ influx in neuroblastoma. Here we examined the sychopharmacological activities of G. jasminoides and its constituents. G. jasminoides extract was orally administered at 100 and 200 mg/kg, and genipin and geniposide were intraperitoneally injected at 2, 10, and 20 mg/kg. G. jasminoides extract (200 mg/kg) significantly decreased total open field activity but increased rearing activity in the center of the open field, suggesting an increase in exploratory activity. Genipin and geniposide did not change open field activity, but geniposide (20 mg/kg) increased rearing activity in the central area. The extract (200 mg/kg) significantly decreased rotarod and wire-balancing activity, but genipin and geniposide did not. No compounds influenced thiopental-induced sleeping or electroshock-induced seizures. The extract (200 mg/kg) significantly increased staying time in the open arms of the elevated plus maze and the entry ratio into the open arms, and geniposide (20 mg/kg) also increased open arm entry. Electroshock stress decreased open arm activity, but the extract and geniposide (20 mg/kg) significantly reversed that effect. This results indicate that G. jasminoides extract and geniposide alleviated anxiety with greater efficacy in stressed animals than normal animals.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제26권8호
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• pp.893-902
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to investigate the bioactivity of extracts from the seeds of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis fructus (GJE) found in Namhae, Korea. Extraction was performed using three solvents, 70% methanol, Distilled Water (DW), and Ethyl Acetate (EA). We determined the total phenol and phytic acid contents of the extracts to evaluate their nitrogen oxide scavenging activity, antioxidant activity, reducing power, and lipid peroxidation inhibition ability. The phytic acid content of GJE was found to be 1.157 mg PAE (Phytic Acid Equivalent) /g DW. The yields of the three extraction processes were as follows: DW, 36.61%; 70% methanol, 30.10%; and EA, 20.40%. The physiological activities of the extract solvents increased significantly with increasing concentrations (0.2, 0.4, and 0.6 mg/mL) (p<0.05), but were lower than those of ascorbic acid, BHA, and trolox. Total phenol content was the highest in the 70% methanol extract, followed by DW and EA extracts. Further, nitrogen oxide scavenging activity and antioxidant activity were the highest for the 70% methanol extract followed by DW and EA extracts. Based on these results, the bioactivities of the 70% methanol and DW extracts of GJ seeds were excellent. These extracts can be used as natural antioxidants.

• 약학회지
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.291-298
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• 2005

Gardenia Jasminoides(GJ) is traditionally used for treatment of hepatic disease, insomnia, anxiety, and inflammatory disease. The aim of this study is to examine effects of GJ extract in response to stress. Animals of the normal group were not exposed to any stress and the control group were exposed to stress. The rats of the Ginseng and GJ supplementary group were orally administered once a day with 100mg of red ginseng extract, 100mg of GJ extract/kg body weight. The mice were given water containing 200mg of red ginseng extract, 200mg of GJ extract/100ml potable water. Animals were given supplements for 7 days without stress, and then were given supplements for 5 days with restraint and electroshock stress. After loading final stress, we examined stress related behavioral changes of experimental animals and measured the levels of blood corticosterone. GJ-supplementation partially blocked the stress effect on locomotion and elevated plus maze test in rats, and also partially blocked stress-induced behavioral changes such as freezing, burrowing, face-washing, smelling and rearing behavior in rats. The effect was almost equipotent to Ginseng's effect. GJ-supplementation didn't influence on fatigue related behavior or physical stress resistance. GJ-supplementation decreased the levels of blood corticosterone which is increased by stress in rats. These results suggest that GJ protects partially the living organism from stress attack and it has the potential to be used as a functional material to alleviate stress response.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.163-172
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• 2017

치자 껍질의 항산화 활성을 측정하기 위하여 70% methanol, distilled water (DW) 및 ethyl acetate (EA)의 3가지 용매를 사용한 추출물의 용매 별 flavonoid 함량 및 항산화 활성, 금속 chelating 능력 측정을 통하여 치자 껍질의 기능성 식품 재료로서의 가치를 검토한 결과, 치자 껍질의 proanthocyanidin 함량은 $48.165{\pm}0.811mg\;CE/g\;DW$로 나타났으며, 추출 수율은 70% methanol(36.26%), DW (39.87%), EA (2.88%) 로 나타났다. 추출 용매 별 항산화 활성은 농도(0.2, 0.4, 0.6 mg/mL)가 증가할수록 유의적으로 증가하였으며, control로 사용된 ascorbic acid, BHA, EDTA 보다는 낮은 활성이 관찰되었다. Flavonoid 함량(mg QE/g)은 70% methanol (0.416), DW (0.225), EA(0.212) 순으로 확인되었으며 다른 항산화 분석 및 금속 chelating 능력 실험에서도 이와 유사하게 관찰되어 모든 분석에서 70% methanol 추출물이 가장 활성이 강한 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과를 미루어 볼 때 치자 껍질의 용매 별 flavonoid 함량에 따라 항산화능, 금속 chelating 능력이 증가하는 것으로 사료되며, EA 추출물을 제외한 다른 추출물에서의 수율과 항산화 활성은 높은 수준으로 관찰되었다. 따라서 치자의 껍질은 proanthocyanidin과 flavonoid 화합물을 다량 함유하고 있으며 그로 인한 높은 항산화 활성과 생리활성을 가지고 있어 기능성 식품 및 천연항산화제로서의 가치가 매우 기대된다.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.1094-1103
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• 2017

치자 씨의 에틸 아세테이트, 증류수 및 70% 메탄올(v/v)의 3가지 용매를 사용한 추출물의 용매 별 플라보노이드 함량 및 항산화 활성, 금속 킬레이트 능력 측정을 통하여 치자의 기능성 식품 재료로서의 가치를 검토하기 위하여 본 실험을 수행하였다. 치자 씨의 탄닌 함량은 $1.517{\pm}0.003mg\;CE/g$(mg of catechin equivalents) 건조 중량 으로 나타났으며, 치자 씨 용매 별 추출 수율은 증류수(36.61%), 70% 메탄올(30.10%), 에틸아세테이트(20.40%) 순으로 나타났다. 추출 용매 별 항산화 활성은 농도(0.2, 0.4, 0.6 mg/mL)가 증가할수록 유의적으로 증가하였으며(p<0.05), 양성대조구로 사용된 ascorbic acid, BHA, EDTA 보다 낮은 활성이 관찰되었다. 플라보노이드 함량(mg QE/g, mg of quercetin equivalents)은 70% 메탄올(0.799), 증류수(0.565), 에틸 아세테이트(0.117) 순으로 관찰되었으며, 항산화 활성은 대부분의 분석에서 용매 별 플라보노이드 함량 순과 비슷한 양상으로 나타났지만 ABTS 라디칼 소거능과 SOD 유사활성은 증류수 추출물이 70% 메탄올 추출물의 항산화 활성 보다 높은 것으로 나타났다. 치자 씨의 각 용매별 수율과 항산화 활성을 비교하였을 때, 증류수와 70% 메탄올 용매를 사용하여 추출 이용하는 것이 바람직하다고 생각된다. 본 실험 결과 치자 씨는 플라보노이드 화합물을 다량 함유하고 있으며 그로 인한 높은 수준의 항산화 활성과 생리활성을 가지고 있어 기능성 식품 및 천연 항산화제로서의 가치가 매우 기대된다.

• 생약학회지
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• 제34권1호통권132호
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• pp.45-54
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• 2003

We have conducted to characterize the physico-chemical change and pharmacological transformation of traditional herbal medicines by means of processing. Processed Gardeniae Fructus was prepared by heating of fruit of Gardenia jasminoides(GF) for $30{\sim}50\;minute$ in the roster designed for herb processing. The contents of drying loss, water extract, diluted ethanol extract, ether extract and geniposide in non-processed GF and processed GF were examined. The contents of drying loss, water extract and geniposide in processed GF showed a decrease as compared with those of non-processed GF, however the contents of dilute ethanol and ether extract showed a increase as compared with those of non-processed GF. The rate of decrease/increase of those index were in proportion to heating time. And, biological activities of methanol extract of non-processed GF and processed GF were investigated. DPPH scavenging effects and inhibitory effect of xanthine oxidate and hemolysis of processed GF exhibited more effective than those of non-processed GF in vitro. Accelerating effect of large intestinal transport and purgative action of non- processed GF were discriminated by processing of GF. Methanol extracts of non-pro- cessed GF and processed GF showed the protective effects against the hepatotoxicity induced by ${\alpha}-naphthylisothiocyanate$ in rats. These results suggested that the transformation of biological activities of GF by means of processing may be due to the physico-chemical change of the constituents in GF by heating.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.91-100
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• 2017

치자 씨 추출물이 항산화력 및 지질과산화 저해능에 미치는 영향을 알아 보고 치자의 기능성 식품 소재로서의 가치를 검토하기 위하여 실험을 수행한 결과, 치자 씨의 anthocyanin 함량을 측정한 결과 $2.201{\pm}0.516mg/100g\;DW$로 나타났으며, 치자 씨의 용매 별 추출 수율은 chloroform:methanol(CM, 2:1, v/v) 36.39%, 70% ethanol (27.32%), n-butanol (26.23%) 로 확인되었다. 추출 용매 별 항산화 활성은 농도(0.2, 0.4, 0.6 mg/mL)가 증가할수록 유의적으로 증가하였으며 positive control로 사용된 ascorbic acid, BHA, trolox 보다는 낮은 활성이 관찰되었다. 치자 씨의 total phenol 함량(mg CAE/g)은 CM (32.50), 70% ethanol (30.09), n-butanol (11.07) 추출물 순으로 n-butanol 추출물에서 가장 적은 함량을 보였으며, Nitric oxide (NO) radical 소거능에서는 CM (76.97~84.24%), 70% ethanol (74.10~79.99%), n-butanol (30.66~37.15%) 추출물 순으로 관찰되었다. Nitrite ($NO_2$) 소거능은 CM (33.53~43.23%), 70% ethanol (32.40~35.98%), n-butanol (24.72~28.14%) 순으로 관찰되었다. ${\beta}-carotene$ 탈색 저해능은 CM (23.73~44.70%), 70% ethanol (22.03~41.32%), n-butanol (16.00~27.87%) 순으로 확인되었다. Reducing power (optical density)는 70% ethanol (0.073~0.182), CM (0.057~0.154), n-butanol (0.028~0.079) 순으로 관찰되었다. 지질과산화 저해능은 씨 추출물 중 CM (53.26~76.56%), 70% ethanol (52.97~76.56%), n-butanol (38.54~53.33%) 순으로 나타났다. 이에, 치자씨 추출물은 천연 항산화제로서 기능성 식품의 가치가 높을 것으로 판단된다.