• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.79-89
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• 2012

Objective : This study was conducted to evaluate of efficacy and safety of Vanadium Water (VW) on Cancer related Fatigue of Non-advanced Cancer Patients. Methods : Experimental Group Administration. Participants in treatment group consumed three 500 ml/bottle bottles of Jeju Island's VW, which contains 40.2 ${\mu}g/L$ of vanadium, three times a day (morning, afternoon, evening) for 4 weeks (28 days) without any additional treatments for fatigue improvement. The control group participants consumed three 500 ml/bottle bottles of ordinary water (0 ${\mu}g/L$ of vanadium) three times a day for the same period of time without any additional treatments for fatigue improvement. Results : After 4 weeks of VW consumption, total score of Revised Piper Fatigue Scale (RPFS) was reduced 30% and basal score after Fisher's Exact Test resulted statistical borderline significance (p=0.0799) and result of t-test of comparison between two groups' RPFS total score and fatigue cognitive/mood changes resulted statistical significance (p=0.0112). In detail, only 36.4% of control group (N=11) showed improvement while 77.8% of treatment group (N=9) showed fatigue improvement and thyroid hormone level changes. No other lab measures indicated any significant differences between two groups. Conclusion : Daily consumption of 1.5 L of Vanadium water for 4 weeks showed improvement of non-advanced cancer patients' fatigue.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.44-51
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• 2007

Most of the Korea temples of cultural property are wooden buildings and easy combusted. They are often located in mountain area far away from the city. It is very difficult to approach the fight area. The putting out is very difficult in the initial fire time. And for protecting the cultural property in the long-term continuous fire source there are some restrictions in water source and suppression system. In this paper the initial putting out fire due to the forest fire and the protection of cultural property in the long-term continuous fire source were researched. The improved project about fire control facilities of the Korea cultural property was proposed. In the proposed project the facilities using Water mist which can reduce more loss than existing facilities using water are applied. In view of the topographic position the method of eliminating the energy of combustibles and wall for cutting off the heat in the fire control facilities are also mentioned.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.46 no.12
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• pp.1157-1167
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• 2013

Sayeon dam is the one that is structured in 1965 and supplying residential water in Ulsan. The hill located within the reservoir near the entrance of the dam spillway plays a role as a natural Dike. According to the recent surveys on change of sediment and effective volume of water kept in store, the latter that decreased 2.92% from twenty million tons and the former increased just 1.65 m. In this survey we examined the application of SED-2D model using measured data of Sayeon dam sediment. In addition we surveyed the inflow control and the water depth to be kept when installing small hydraulic structure similar to Dike around the dam reservoir entrance. To do this, we simulated the hydraulic effects and sediment on the conditions eliminating the hill or installing the structure higher than it. The controlling effects of present hill or adding small hydraulic structure on it was found, though the changes of the measure was not large.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.130-136
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• 2002

Four kinds of polyphosphate solution(0. 1.5, 3.0 and 4.5%) were injected by 10% into pork loin such that polyphosphate could be added by 0% (water, control), 0.15%, 0.30% and 0.45%, respectively. Then, the effect of adding polyphosphate to pork loin was investigated after it was refrigerated at 4$\^{C}$ for 2 days and boiled until its internal temperature became 75$\^{C}$ and 80$\^{C}$. The pork loin that was boiled with polyphosphate added showed better water holding capacity, texture, and sensory juiciness than control group, but it produced lower pork flavor and strong abnormal flavor. As the internal temperature became higher, the pork loin showed higher cooking loss, worse tenderness and juiciness, and better pork flavor. This study demonstrates that the water holding capacity and palatability of boiled pork loin can be improved by the addition of about 0.15-0.30 g of polyphosphate per 100 g of meat.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.390-395
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• 2005

Purpose: To investigate the effects of a warm water-filled bag on body temperature, Oxygen demand, respiratory rate and blood sugar in high risk neonates. Method: The infants were assigned to two groups, 16 in the experimental and 20 in the control group. Infants in the experimental group was received $40{\~}42^{\circ}C$ warm water-filled bag therapy for 2 hours under radiant warmers. Infants in the control group were placed under the same kind of radiant warmers but without the warm water-filled bag. The following were measured every 30 minutes: rectal temperature, $O_2$ demand ($FiO_2$), and respiratory rate. Blood sugar was measured hourly. Result: Body temperatures increased significantly in the experimental group (P=0.0138), and there was a difference according to time (P=0.0001). Significant difference were found between the two groups fur $FiO_2$ (P=0.0180). There was no difference in respiratory rates between the two groups and rates according to time for the experimental group were also not significant (P=0.3569). No significant difference between two groups was found for blood sugar (P=0.2152), but there was a significant difference according to the times (P=0.0001). Conclusion: This results of this study indicate that a warm-filled bag is an effective means of resorting body temperature and reducing $O_2$ demand in high risk neonates.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.569-575
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• 2012

This study was performed to investigate the effect of a sequencial washing of organic acid and distilled water on meat quality and the population of Escherichia coli of pork loin during cold storage. E. coli ATCC25922 was inoculated on the surface of sliced pork loin and 50 mL of 1% or 2% of organic acid and the same amount of distilled water was sprayed on the surface of pork loin. Then, physicochemical and microbial properties of pork loin were analyzed during cold storage. During storage period, lightness, yellowness and lipid oxidation (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances value) was higher than those of not treated control. However, the population of E. coli was decreased significantly in formic acid and distilled water sprayed pork loin samples. From these results, it can be considered that application of combination of washing of formic acid and water in the washing step of pig slaughter may be helpful to control the proliferation of E. coli.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.145-149
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• 2011

We studied any variations of skin mucus cells of Misgurnus mizolepis caused by inducing a great change of water temperature including high temperature- and low temperature-adapted groups and then compared them with a control group of normal water condition. The high temperature-adapted group showed no significant different in size and number of the mucus cell (P>0.01), whereas in the low temperature-adapted group, the surface area of mucus cell layer and shape of its mucus cell, and the number of mucus cell remarkably increased in all the skin regions of dorsum, lateral region and occiput (P<0.01). Returned to the same condition as the control group, the low temperature-adapted groups showed the same features that appear in the normal water condition (P<0.01). Based on these results, the skin mucus cells of M. mizolepis seems to be very sensitive to cold water temperature and therefore they may play a key role in assessment of its environmental conditions.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.53-68
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• 1992

In order to research the adsorption removal characteristics of trace organic by-products in disinfection of drinking water by biological activated carbon(BAC), water samples disinfect- ted with $Cl_2$, $O_3$ and $ClO_2$ after treatment by fluidized-bed system with water added with humic acid(10mg/L) were investigated the formation and the removal of trihalomethanes (THMs), and the trace organic by-products by gas chromatography(GC) II gas chromatography/mass selective detector(GC/MSD). Control was used by activated carbon(AC) and water added with humic acid(HA). The results were summarized as follow : The THMs removal effect of BAC by chlorination was in lower 90 % than that of control(HA), the sorts of oxidants formed by $Cl_2$ , $O_3$ and $ClO_2$ were that $O_3$ was very fewer than $Cl_2$ or $ClO_2$, and that $ClO_2$ was fewer than $Cl_2$. The trace organic by-products were esters and phthalates etc. Based on results above, it is concluded that BAC was appeared the more desirable adsorbtion-degradation removal characteristics than that of AC.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.511-516
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• 1993

This study was conducted to investigate the biochemical efforts of old antler extracts on the enzyme activities in serum of galactosamine (GaIN)-induced rats. Male rats of Sprague-Dawley strain weighing the average of 110$\pm$10g were divided into four groups and each group was fed either AIN-76 diet or modified AIN-76 diet with old antler extracts (water extract, neutral extract, ether extract) for four weeks. CaIN (400mg/ kg of body weight) was injected to CaIN treatment groups intraperitoneally on the same day every week. CaIN treatment decreased growth performance of rats. But dietary supplementation of old antler extracts prevented this decrement. Serum aminotransferase activities were increased by CaIN treatment, but this increment was reduced by feeding the old antler extracts, and the effect of water extract was the most prominent of the old antler extracts. Activities of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in serum of CaIN treatment groups were higher than those of control groups and were decreased by old antler extracts supplementation.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.81-91
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• 2012

In this study, it is grasped the status of nutrients through an investigation of release characteristics and physicochemical properties of sediments on reservoir. And then the effect of sediments is evaluated on the water quality in reservoir. In the results of physicochemical analysis, the pollution level of midstream is the highest, which shows the traits that the water is more deeper and takes place a deposition consistently. Then, the pollution level of upstream is higher than downstream's because inflow has influence on the upstream directly. The downstream is located near tidal gate so that the soil particles can be moved easily and are difficult to be deposited due to the distribution of seawater by control of tidal gate. Therefore, the downstream is showed the lowest pollution level than the others. Also, the concentration of SOD(Sediment Oxygen Demand) in the upstream which is influenced on the effect of inflow is highest than the others. When it analyzes under anaerobic and aerobic condition to understand the release characteristic of sediment, it shows that the release rate is low or negative under the aerobic condition. Whereas the release rate is usually positive under the unaerobic condition relatively. According to these results, it is necessary to maintain the proper environmental factors of water body for decreasing the release rate of sediment. Because the release rate is changeable under the different condition of water body. Therefore, proper strategies are required for increasing the self-purification of water as well as keeping the aerobic condition of sediment and managing a sediment layer directly to control the inner-pollution by the sediment of reservoir.