• Title/Summary/Keyword: water control

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Analysis on Ecosystem Service Hotspots Based on Regional Environmental Stakeholders' Perception - A case study of Ansan - (지역 환경분야 이해당사자 인식을 반영한 생태계서비스 우수지역 분석 - 안산시를 대상으로 -)

  • Kim, Ilkwon;Kim, Sunghoon;Lee, Jae-Hyuck;Kwon, Hyuksoo
    • Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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    • v.27 no.5
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    • pp.417-430
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    • 2018
  • Identification and mangement of ecosystem service hotspots are necessary to set environmental policies that include concepts of ecosystem service. Assessment and mapping of ecosystem service hotspot referring areas with high amount of ecosystem services provide essential information to manage ecosystem services effectively. Assessment of hotspots based on regional environmental stakeholders' perception is an useful approach to identify priority areas where management practices are required. This study estimated weights on regulating ecosystem services from regional environmental stakeholders' surveys in Ansan, and then, identified regulating service hotspots with weights. The result indicated that regulating services are, in order of importance, water quality, air quality, erosion, and climate control. The north-eastern forest of Ansan was mainly revealed as an ecosystem service hotspot. Ecosystem service hotspots were spatially distributed similarly regardless of environmental stakeholders' weights. Identification of ecosystem service hotspot with environmental stakeholders' perception can be applied in decision-support tools for ecosystem service management.

Development of Healthcare Bathing System for Improving the Multisensory Functions (복합감각 기능증진 개념의 헬스케어 목욕시스템 개발)

  • Kim, Hyung-Ji;Yu, Mi;Jin, Hea-Ryen;Kwon, Tae-Kyu
    • Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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    • v.13 no.2
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    • pp.309-316
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    • 2010
  • This paper proposes healthcare bathing system for improving the multisensory function and not washing. We designed various types of bathtub for developing bathing system. This system consists of whirlpool bathtub for multisensory stimulation, a cover of bathtub with visual-auditory stimulation function, a small size PC for main control, touch panel, digital multimedia broadcasting (DMB), color-changeable LED mood lighting system for improving visual sensibility and speaker. We investigate the effects on autonomic nervous system during bathing with healthcare bathing system for improving the multisensory functions. To analysis physiological parameter, body temperature, blood pressure, intraocular pressure and heart rate variability (HRV) were measured before, during and after bath using healthcare bathing system. Experiments were performed on partial immersion bath and the water temperature was kept $39{\pm}0.5^{\circ}C$. The body temperature and the heart rate variability of the subject were measured every 5 minutes before, during, and after the bath. In analysis of HRV, the parasympathetic nerve increased from starting bath and decreased after 15 minutes. So the subjects felt comfortable at 15 minutes after starting bath. Blood pressure decreased to 16mmHg maximumly however pulse increased. Bath using healthcare bathing system for improving the multisensory functions affects positively the circulation of the blood. From this results, it leaves something to be desired in evaluation of serviceability and physiological analysis using the healthcare bathing system, however, we expect to analyze more clearly the relationship between the serviceability of product, physiological change and sensibility by various physiological parameters.

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Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Fruiting Bodies of Phellinus gilvus Collected in Korea (국내에서 수집된 마른진흙버섯 자실체의 항산화 및 항균 효과)

  • Yoon, Ki-Nam;Jang, Hyung Seok
    • Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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    • v.48 no.4
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    • pp.355-364
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    • 2016
  • This study was initiated to evaluate the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of methanol extract (ME) and hot water extract (HWE) obtained from the fruiting bodies of medicinal mushroom, Phellinus gilvus. The free radical scavenging activity of ME from P. gilvus on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) were 93.65% at 2 mg/mL, which was comparable with the positive control, butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT, 96.97%) at the same concentration. The ferrous ion-chelating ability of ME and HWE was significantly higher than that of BHT at all concentration levels. The antimicrobial assay of ME was performed against six bacteria and one species of fungus. ME exhibited antibacterial activity against 5 out of 6 bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa; whereas, ME did not show antimicrobial activity against gram-negative bacterium Vibrio vulnificus and fungal species Candida albicans. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ME against 5 strains of bacteria, such as S. aureus, S. mutans, B. subtilis, E. coli, and P. aeruginosa, was 100, 100, 50, 100, 200 mg/mL, respectively. The results suggest that good antioxidant and microbial activities of P. gilvus fruiting bodies might be used for natural antioxidant and antimicrobial agents.

Anti-Xanthine Oxidase, Anti-Cholinesterase, and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Fruiting Bodies of Phellinus gilvus (마른진흙버섯 자실체의 Xanthine Oxidase, Cholinesterase 및 염증 저해 효과)

  • Yoon, Ki Nam;Jang, Hyung Seok
    • Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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    • v.50 no.3
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    • pp.225-235
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    • 2018
  • Phellinus gilvus is a medicinal mushroom used that has been used in folk medicine in Asian countries for centuries. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-xanthine oxidase, anti-cholinesterase, and anti-inflammatory activities of methanol (ME) and hot water (HW) extracts prepared from fruiting bodies of Ph. gilvus. ME and HW had good anti-xanthine oxidase (XO) activities compared to allopurinol, an inhibitor of xanthine oxidase. ME showed comparable and slightly lower inhibitory activity against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), respectively, than galanthamine, a standard AChE and BChE inhibitor. ME also showed a protective effect against glutamate-induced cytotoxicity at 40 mg/mL and 100 mg/mL in PC-12 cells. ME (0.5~2.0 mg/mL) significantly inhibited nitric oxide (NO) production in RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Carrageenan-induced hind-paw edema in rats was significantly reduced 2~6 hr after treatment with 50 mg/kg of ME, which was comparable to administration of 5 mg/kg of indomethacin, the positive control. These results demonstrate that ME and HW of Ph. gilvus fruiting bodies possess good anti-xanthine oxidase, anti-cholinesterase, and anti-inflammatory activities.

Effects of Cooking and Processing on the Reduction of Aflatoxin Content in Corn (옥수수의 조리 및 가공이 Aflatoxin 감소에 미치는 영향)

  • 여현종;김종규
    • Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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    • v.18 no.2
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    • pp.87-93
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    • 2003
  • This study was performed to investigate aflatoxin reduction resulting from the pre-treatment and the cooking and processing of corn. Aflatoxin was produced by Aspergillus parasiticus ATCC 15517 on a type of corn imported from the United States. The aflatoxin-produced com (AC) was pre-treated in three ways in order to reduce aflatoxin: exposure to sun light for 7 days (SC); ultraviolet irradiation for 56 hours (UC); and washing with water three times (WC). Four kinds of cooking and processing methods (boiling, steaming, baking, and popping) were used to reduce aflatoxin in the AC control, SC, UC, and WC. These treatments produced com gruel, com cakes, com bread and popcorn. The aflatoxin content in the samples was determined by high performance liquid chromatography. The total aflatoxin level of the AC was significantly decreased by sun light and UV (p<0.05), and decreased by washing. After cooking and processing the AC, SC, UC, and WC, and averaging the total aflatoxin levels in the final products, the greatest reduction was found in the com gruel, then the popcorn, then the corn cakes, and the least reduction in the com bread. These results indicate that sunlight and ultraviolet energy could be effective factors in aflatokin degradation in corn before cooking and processing. This study also indicates that boiling, steaming, baking and popping were helpful in reducing the aflatoxin level in the com and that the most helpful factors were exposure time to heat. More research is needed to reduce the aflatoxin level down to below the maximum tolerable level of aflatoxin in foods.

Bactericidal Efficacy of a Disinfectant Composed of Povidone-iodine Against Clostridium Perfringens and Mycobacterium Fortuitum

  • Cha, Chun-Nam;Park, Eun-Kee;Cho, Youyoung;Yoo, Chang-Yeul;Tutkun, Engin;Kim, Suk;Lee, Hu-Jang
    • Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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    • v.30 no.1
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    • pp.109-114
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    • 2015
  • Clostridium perfringens (C. perfringens) and Mycobacterium fortuitum (M. fortuitum) are associated with considerable diseases in animals and human. In this study, the disinfection efficacy of a commercial disinfectant composed to povidone-iodine (PVI) was evaluated against C. perfringens and M. fortuitum. A bactericidal efficacy test by broth dilution method was used to determine the lowest effective dilution of the disinfectant following exposure to C. perfringens and M. fortuitum for 30 min at $4^{\circ}C$. The disinfectant and test bacteria were diluted with hard water (HW) or organic matter suspension (OM) according to treatment condition. On HW condition, the bactericidal activity of the disinfectant against C. perfringens and M. fortuitum was 50 and 80 fold dilutions, respectively. On OM condition, the bactericidal activity of the disinfectant against both C. perfringens and M. fortuitum was 15 fold dilutions. As the disinfectant composed to PVI possesses bactericidal efficacy against C. perfringens and M. fortuitum, the disinfectant solution can be used to control the spread of bacterial diseases.

Measuring of Cadmium Content in Sorghum(Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) (수수(Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench)의 카드뮴 함량 측정 방법)

  • Park, Byung-Hoon;Lee, Su-Chan;Choi, In-Sub;Kim, Jun-Ho;Lee, Hyo-Jeong;Park, Mun-Soo;Kim, Sang-Deog A.
    • Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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    • v.28 no.3
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    • pp.185-192
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    • 2008
  • We have studied effect of water treatment sludge (WTS) on trace metals of sorghum hybrid (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench). In the present report it was for cadmium (Cd) content on background correction (BGC) mode with an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The four treatments were Control, Compost, Alum + nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium (NPK), Compost + NPK. In the analysis, burner height of the atomic absorption spectrophotometer was adjusted to three levels; 3 mm, 6 mm, 9 mm. As a conclusion, 3 mm and 6 mm burner height conditions were better than 9 mm height for Cd analysis. And the conditions for widening the range, the mean, and the standard deviation (SD) values of observed absorbances as well as the condition for lessening the mean of observed background values are necessary for getting the better measuring of Cd. At the present experiment, 6 mm burner height condition is the best among the three burner heights.

A Study on Development of Standard Technology for Post-Evaluation of Stream Project I (하천사업의 표준화된 사후 평가 기법 개발 연구 I)

  • Jang, Chorok;Song, Juil;Jang, Moon Yup;Kim, Han Tae
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.21 no.2
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    • pp.542-550
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    • 2020
  • A stream serve the functions of different water utilization, flood control, and the environment, and contributes to the development of national life and culture. On the other hand, it is difficult to efficiently evaluate various projects, such as effectiveness verification and comparison between projects, because the evaluation procedures and evaluation techniques of projects are not uniform and different for each institution. Therefore, a standardization technology was developed for a post-assessment of stream projects that can recognize stream problems and comprehensively evaluate stream-related projects. To this end, various projects, such as project evaluation techniques, national R&D projects, and social welfare projects, were compared and analyzed, and the standardization stages of the project were first suggested. In addition, based on the standardization stage, the evaluation indices for each stage were derived to develop an evaluation table that can evaluate stream-related projects comprehensively. Finally, it is possible to prevent the repeated use of failure factors in the planned projects.

Operation Method of Power Supply System for Eco-friendly Movable-weir Based on Natural Energy Sources (자연에너지를 이용한 친환경 가동보용 전원공급시스템의 운용방안)

  • Kwon, Pil-June;Lee, Hu-Dong;Tae, Dong-Hyun;Park, Ji-Hyun;Ferreira, Marito;Rho, Dae-Seok
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.21 no.2
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    • pp.601-610
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    • 2020
  • Recently, damage caused by drought is becoming worse and worse due to the global climate change. To overcome these problems, movable-weir to control the water level has been installed instead of a fixed-weir made from concrete. On the other hand, it is difficult to operate an existing moveable-weir because of the high cost of facility management and manpower consumption. In addition, because most moveable-weirs are installed in power systems, the operating cost and the cost of connection for power systems increase when they are located in remote areas. Therefore, this paper proposes an optimal design algorithm and the evaluation algorithm of the SOC (state of charge) of a lithium-ion battery to replace an existing power supply with eco-friendly movable-power with a power supply system using PV modules and lithium-ion batteries. In addition, this study modeled a 50kW power supply system of a movable-weir using PSCAD/EMTDC S/W. The simulation results confirmed that the proposed algorithm has stable operation characteristics in an independent operation mode and interconnection operation mode and that there is the possibility of commercialization with a benefits evaluation of the eco-friendly power supply system of a movable-weir.

The Effects of Ultrasonic Cleaner for Eye Glasses on Protein Deposits and Parameters in Soft Contact Lens (안경용 초음파세척기에 의한 소프트콘택트렌즈의 단백질 침전물 세척효과)

  • Ju, Eun-Hee;Lee, Koon-Ja;Leem, Hyun-Sung
    • Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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    • v.15 no.3
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    • pp.227-234
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    • 2010
  • Purpose: The cleaning effect of protein deposit and the change of contact lens parameters by ultrasonic cleaner for eye glasses on the soft contact lenses were investigated. Methods: Etafilcon A contact lenses contaminated with protein, was ultrasonicated by ultrasonic cleaner for eye glasses and for the control group, spoiled contact lenses were cleaned by multi-purpose solution. The remaining protein deposits on the contact lenses were determined after extraction and the changes of overall diameter, base curve, center thickness power, and water contents on contact lenses were measured and surfaces of contact lenses were observed by scanning electron microscope. Results: The cleaning efficacies of multi-purpose solution on protein deposited etafilcon A contact lenses were 6.08%, and 23.73~33.92% in the group of ultrasonic cleaner for eye glasses with multi-purpose solution and 0~12.99% in the group of ultrasonic clear for contact lens with multipurpose solution depending on the treatment time. The changes of parameters and surface on contact lenses by ultrasonication were not observed. Conclusions: Ultrasonic cleaner for eye glasses can be used to eliminate protein deposits for the diagnostic soft contact lens in the office since it was effective to eliminate protein deposits and not caused change of parameters on soft contact lenses.