• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.297-303
• /
• 1974

An investigation has been performed to find an effective separation method of steriols and tocopherols from the deodorized condensates of vegetable oils. Simple heating of the starting mixture isolated the oil layer from water, and the former was collected. It was then methyl esterified followed by a distillation for the removal of fatty acid. The ensuing step was to saponify the residue. The unsaponifiable matter was extracted by both methanol and concentrated. The sterol was crystallized by cooling such concentrated solution. To obtain tocopherol, the mother liquor was first dissolved in methanol. Cooling this solution to $-20^{\circ}C$ trapped fatty acid which was filtered out. The filtrate was then treated with ion exchange resin.

• Proceedings of the Membrane Society of Korea Conference
• /
• 1997.10a
• /
• pp.5-8
• /
• 1997

Introduction : Membranes made from inorganic materials are generally superior to organo-polymeric materials in thermal and mechanical stability, and chemical resistance. Among inorganic materials zeolite is a promising candidate for a high performance membrane because of the unique characteristics of zeolite crystals such as molecular sieving, ion exchange, selective adsorption and catalysis. Although there are many recent reportsl on the preparation of zeolitc membranes and the gas permeation through the membranes, only a limited number of publications deal with pervaporation studies. Recently, we have reported a high pervaporation performance of NaA zeolite membrane for the separation of water/organic liquid mixtures. and of NaY zeolite menlbrane for the separation of methanol/MTBE. Here, preparation of zeolite (LTA, ZSM-5 and FAU) membranes and their permeation properties are discussed.

• Analytical Science and Technology
• /
• v.6 no.4
• /
• pp.401-404
• /
• 1993

Rehmanniae Radix Preparata is manufactured with Rehmanniae Radix accoding to KP V. For quality control of Rehmanniae Radix Preparata, its standard component is required. The methanol extracts of Rehmanniae Radix crudus, Rehmanniae Radix, Rehmanniae Radix preparata were divided into the three groups of ether, butanol and aqueous fraction by liquid-liquid separation. In the comparative TLC of ether fraction, the characteristic component of Rehmanniae Radix preparata was found. The ether fraction was evaporated and separated on the silica gel column with chloroform-methanol and further separated on the preparative silica gel TLC with chloroform-methanol-water. The component was illucidated as 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-furancarboxaldehyde(5-HMF). 5-HMF was not found in Rehmanniae Radix crudus and found in Rehmanniae radix in much less Quantities than Rehmanniae Radix Preparata.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
• /
• v.8 no.2
• /
• pp.315-319
• /
• 1997

In this study, the optimum analytical conditions for determination of distribution of propylene oxide in a nonionic surfactant and separation of fatty alcohols were investigated by Reversed Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography. To analyse the distribution of propylene oxide (PO) and carbon chain length of a fatty alcohol, we derivatized samples for the purpose of using a UV detector. Also, we studied the influences of columns and mobile phase composition to obtain the optimum separation conditions. In our experiment, Waters Symmetry $C_8(3.9{\times}150mm)$ column was used. And the optimum condition were obtained by gradient elution with methanol and water as the mobile phase. In the plot of log k' vs composition of water in the binary phase, the linerality was very good. We ploted the calibration curve to conform the quality of fatty alcohol, a good linerality was obtained.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.22 no.6
• /
• pp.815-822
• /
• 1993

This experiment was carried out to determine the separation condition of 1-dimethylaminonaphthalene-5-sulfony(Dansyl) derivatives of amino acids by reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography with Nova-Pak C18 column. Determined solvent system was solvent A(200mA phosphate buffer pH 6.8 15%, acetonitrile 11%, water 74%) and solvent B(acetonitrile 65%, methanol 28%, water 7%). Linear gradient of solvent B was applied from 12% to 80% for 50min. Complete separation of 20 amino acids including asparagine and glutamine which constitute protein was achieved within 50min. As the detection limit was the range of picomole, the resolution power was excellent. Reproducibility of the retention time was less than mean $\pm$0.05min. According to the above optimum chromatographic conditions, the amino acid composition of some food and human blood was examined. The most affluent amino acid was alanine in human blood, aspartic acid and glutamic acid in soy sauce, alanine and threonine in soy milk and proline in milk and yoghurt.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
• /
• v.9 no.3
• /
• pp.149-156
• /
• 1978

The result of the study about the cultivation, the constituents, the sweetenity, and the development of preparations of Stevia and Hydrangea are as follows: 1. Hydrangea thrived at $200{\sim}1,400m$ above the sea-level, and the good ones were brought up at $600{\sim}1,200m$. 2. The good ones which belonged to the genera of Hydrangea were produced in the damp, dark and cold place. 3. The growth and cultivated yield of Stevia was not significantly influenced by the acidity of the soil. 4. The best season was May and June for propagation of Stevia by cutting method. 5. The growth rate of Stevia and Hydrangea was really good in the sandy fertile soil, but in the mucotic soil it was not suitable. 6. The extraction and separation of phyllodulcin by solvent had many difficulties, because it was very soluble in water, ethanol, ether, petroleum ether, acetone and benzene, etc. 7. The solubility of stevioside on the solvent was as follows: It was very soluble in water and methanol, slightly soluble in ethanol and acetone, and insoluble in ether, petroleum ether and chloroform. 8. The alkaloid reaction by Mayer reagent in Hydrangea extract was positive. 9. The ashification rate of Stevia was 8.66% to 8.72% and that of Hydrangea 17.02% to 17.04%. 10. The tannin of Stevia leaf was 7.80% to 7.88% and its of Hydrangea decreased 9.46% to 6.08% by fermentation. 11. The percent rates in minimum concentration-occurring sweetness in sugar, glycyrrhiza methanol extract, Hydrangea water extract, Stevia leaf water extract, decoction of Stevia's leaf, decoction of Stevia's stem were as follows: 1.2, 0.1, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.01, 0.1, 0.6. and sweetenity ratios of those were 1, 12, 12, 6, 3, 64, 12, 2, 12. It was very meaningful to develop preparations of stevia as stevioside, micronized powder, water extract, methanol extract and compound teas and in Hydrangea, water extract, methanol extract, single tea, and compound teas were less meaningful. 13. The genera of Hydrangea which is natural species in Korea was positive in phyllodulcin-identification test, but it was not available to make the sweet tea because of having a little content.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
• /
• v.4 no.3
• /
• pp.583-590
• /
• 1993

O-Diethylaminoethyl chitosan containing weak cation exchange group had been synthesized. It was used to separate albumin and lysozyme as stationary phase in liquid chromatography column. The separation of acidic and basic dyes were preliminarily conducted to investigate the effect of polarity parameter of solvents. Based on this result, we investigated various factors on the separation efficiency of chromatography in column. In the case of using water-methanol as cosolvent, the resolution factor depended on the polarity parameter. The best resolution factor was 1.42 for DEAE-chitosan with the degree of substitution of 0.23.

• KSBB Journal
• /
• v.18 no.5
• /
• pp.408-411
• /
• 2003

By reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography, the extraction and separation of glabridin by from licoricce root was performed in this work. The column efficiencies and resolutions of glabridin were investigated with mobile phase composition on the reversed-phase chromatographic system. The glabridin collected from licorice root was identified by LC/MS. The mobile phase used to extract glabridin were composed of ethanol, methanol, acetone, and ethyl acetate. For one-hour ultrasonic extraction with solvent of ethyl acetate, the favorable content of glabridin was obtained as 1.26g/kg. The glabridin was well separated in the mobile phase composition of 50/50 vol. % (acetonitrile/water).

• Toxicological Research
• /
• v.6 no.1
• /
• pp.41-49
• /
• 1990

Aconiti Tuber is the root of Aconitum sp (Ranunclaceae) which has been considered as one of the most important medicinal plant having cordiotonic, diuretic and analgesic effect. On the other hand, it has been known that Aconiti Tuber contained toxic agent, aconitine alkaloids so that only processed Aconiti Tubers have been used as herbal drug traditionally. For the safety evaluation of processed Aconiti Tuber, quantitative determination of aconitine and acute, subacute toxicity test were performed on 5 commercial processed Aconiti Tubers. Arapid and precise method using HPLC has been developed for the separation and determination of aconitine. Samples were extracted with hydrochloric acid (pH3) and hot water decoction. In case of d-HCL extracts, the contents of aconitine were from 0.08 mg/g to trace. But in case of hot water decoction extracts, the contents of aconitine were not detected. For the investigation of Aconiti Tuber toxicity in rats, hot water decoction samples and methanol extracts were tested. 1) Acute toxicity test Hot water decoction sample and methanol extracts from Aconiti Tuber did not show any toxic effects in rats by an oral administration. $LD_50values of 2 extracts were above 10.0 g/kg. 2) Subacute toxicity study In the repeated administration study, hot water decoction samples were given orally to Sprague-Dawlay rats for 2 week at daily doses of 5.0 g/kg. The results are as follows; No toxic manifestation, body weight changes and lethality were observed during wxperimental period. There were no significant changes in serum enzyme activities such as GOT, GPT, LDH, ALP between treated and control groups. However CPK values were decreased in the Subuja-treated group. (P<0.01). In addition, no gross and microscopic changes were noted in Aconiti Tuber-treated groups.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.32 no.3
• /
• pp.211-226
• /
• 1988

Liquid chromatographic behavior of several metal ions in dithiocarbamate(DTC) chelates were investigated by reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography on Novapak $C_{18}$ and ${\mu}$-Bondapak $C_{18}$ columns. The optimum conditions for the separation of DTC-metal chelate were examined with respect to the pH, shaking time, flow rate, extraction solvent, and mobile phase strength. The metal ions in mixtures at trace level, chelated with some dithiocarbamate derivatives were separated successfully on Novapak $C_{18}$ column using acetonitrile/methanol/water or acetonitril/water mixtures as mobile phases. It was found that all DTC metal chelates studied were eluted in an acceptable range of capacity factor values ($0{\leqq}log\;k'{\leqq}1$). Although several foreign metal ions were coexisted, high recovery and good precision were attained ; 97.0-106.7 % for the recovery and 0.98-3.41% for the coefficient of variation. Under the optimum analytical conditions, trace metal ions in the composite water samples were determined sucessfully with in relative error of about {\pm}$6.7 %.