• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.10 no.9
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• pp.2492-2500
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• 2009

This study was carried to examine overall psychopathological patterns of the Vietnam Civil War Veterans(Agent Orange patients)and Korean Civil War veterans(wounded soldier) using Rorschach tests. Test protocols of were compared with those of twenty Vietnam Civil War Veterans group and twenty-one Korean Civil War veterans. Rorschach protocols were administrated, scored, analysed according to the Exner's comprehensive system. Specifically, each Rorschach variable was divided into 3 clusters(e.g., core section, response determinants, and several special indices. The results of t-tests between the Vietnam Civil War Veterans group and the Korean Civil War veterans showed that Vietnam Civil War Veterans group were characterized as 1)cognitive rigidity, 2) ineffective problem solving, 3)emotional represion, 4)hypervigilance, 5)anxiety and 6) depressive tendency. These patterns suggest that still Vietnam Civil War Veterans experience the past trauma and lasting psychological seguela. Other implications and limitations of this study were discussed.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.105-121
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• 2019

This study applies diverse game theories to the US-China Trade War. The US-China Trade War can be analyzed as a game situation because the strategic decision-making process to maximize one's profit while considering the reaction of the other party is a game situation. However, related research suffered from some mistakes in applying the US-China Trade War as it is to classic game theory, because while the prisoners dilemma is based on the situation of No Communication, No Trust, No Cooperation, the US-China Trade War has a precondition different from that of prisoners dilemma, since it mutually communicates information and negotiation is repeated several times in a cooperative situation. The result of the trade negotiation will likely end as 'cooperate-cooperate'. Further, considering trade volume, trade interdependence, bargaining power based on economy, and the scale of damage caused by the Trade War, the US-China Trade War is progressing with the bargaining power of the US being higher than that of China. Since the current US-China Trade War is in an asymmetrical situation under the dominant bargaining power of the US, it is likely to reach 'US defect-China cooperative' in the long run.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.785-794
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• 2009

We studied on a technic to improve and implement the virtual environment grid information in the war-game model. The virtual environment data are categorized into ground, sea, and air, and separatedly managed and operated. The data are implemented and managed in the geographical information and topography type information. The geographical information, including grid location coordinate and sea level, are managed in computer files as a grid type. We improved the representation of the sea level by mapping the sea level value of the grid information file into GCV and suggested the dynamic virtual environment implementation technic for the region with the large range of tide. In the experiments, we could know that it is possible to adopt the dynamic virtual environment to the war-game model.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.25-29
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• 2024

After the Russia-Ukraine War, NATO broke away from the peacekeeping strategy that it had maintained and declared that it would strengthen the multilateral security consultative body, pursue strategic stability, expand armaments, cooperate security, and strengthen dialogue and cooperation in the Indo-Pacific region. Changes in NATO's strategy directly and indirectly affect Korea's security environment. Only by clearly analyzing this and establishing policies and strategies to respond to it can the threat be suppressed and national interests protected. NATO designates China and Russia as threats. By using cooperation and solidarity with NATO as an opportunity, we will be able to strengthen security cooperation and alliances, develop and expand the defense industry market, and expand opportunities to participate in the Ukraine reconstruction project.

• Journal of Contemporary Eastern Asia
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.174-196
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• 2021

Even though Sino-American relations of the Donald Trump era were perceived as predominately confrontational, with a symbolic trade war between the two, the scale of economic interdependencies between the United States and China results in either a need for collaboration or in serious losses on both sides in the case of lack of cooperation. The paper aims at analyzing economic relations between the United States of America and the People's Republic of China at the time of the Trump presidency. Analysis is based on the complex interdependence theory of Robert Keohane and Joseph Nye. The main hypothesis analyzed in the paper states: Asymmetric interdependence between the People's Republic of China and the United States of America limits the scope, intensity and length of a trade war. For the sake of the paper, economic interdependence will be analyzed. Apart from the reference to the state of the art, the document analysis and descriptive statistics are to be applied in the paper.

• East Asian Economic Review
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.233-272
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• 2021

The Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) agreement, signed in November 2020, comes shortly after the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP) entered into force and the US-China Trade War escalated. We use a computable general equilibrium model to assess the long-term effects of these three developments on income, trade, economic structure, factor returns and employment across the world, and especially in Asia-Pacific countries. The results suggest that RCEP could generate income gains that will be almost twice as large as those of the CPTPP, and that the two agreements together will largely offset the substantial negative effects of the US-China Trade War for the world as a whole. All three policy developments, but especially RCEP, will deepen East Asian production networks and will raise productivity and increase wages and employment in much of East Asia. At the sectoral level, regional trade in non-durable and durable manufactures will experience the most growth.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.43
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• pp.79-113
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• 2016

This study aims to diachronically explore the women's movements in modern Japan by focusing on three key words, 'maternity,' 'suffrage,' and 'war,' in uncovering how these concepts relate to Japan as a state. In particular, this study sheds light on the policies toward women not from the perspective of the state, but rather from women's perspective and evaluates their expectations toward the 'state' thorough the activities of Fusae Ichikawa and $Raich{\bar{o}}$ Hiratsuka. Hiratsuka, who was devoted to establishing the 'state protection of maternity,' ended up casting away such expectations toward the state after the failure of the petition movement developed by the New Women's Association. On the other hand, Ichikawa, encouraged by the success of women's suffrage movement in the U.S., remained active in the petition movement in the hope of attaining female suffrage. Because of this, Ichikawa was more vulnerable to the requests by the national authorities for the cooperation in war efforts-event though most of her activities were contained within the redressing of everyday life issues. The expectations toward the 'state' was a principal driving force of women's movements in modern Japan, yet at the same time it was also the reason why-as purging of Ichikawa symbolizes-they came to be stigmatized with the promotion of invasive war.

• 중국학논총
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• no.61
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• pp.223-239
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• 2019

Northeast Asian relations have been dominated by competitions rather than cooperation. Nevertheless, since the end of the Cold War, interchanges among South Korea, China, and Japan's local governments have been increasing rapidly. Why local governments of the three Northeast Asian states have maintained constant exchanges despite the sluggish cooperation of their central governments? What effects and limitations of exchanges among local governments in Northeast Asia on regional peace? The results of research show that effects of Northeast Asian local governments on regional peace is complicated. The study indicated that the local governments' exchanges had certain limitations in constructing the regional peace as an independent factor. However, it is also certain that the local governments' exchanges have contributed to the Northeast Asian peace, to some extent, by playing a complementary role in maintaining cooperation in local level.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.1-28
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• 2012

Since its establishment in 1948, World Health Organization (WHO) has tried and facilitated international cooperation of public health under the goal of "the highest attainable health," and gained outcomes like the eradication of smallpox and polio, turning itself into the representative of international public health. However, there was discord between member nations during the cold war era, and the status of WHO experienced rise and fall after its establishment. WHO, the representative international health organization, also has not been freed from influences from international regime changes, which means that the discussion on the internal causes of WHO functionings should be expanded more. In this study, functionalism was tested as one of international relations theory that tries to explain the establishment and role of WHO. Especially, this study analyzed the problems and problem-solving process that WHO had to face by using Imber's five steps theory that arranged chronologically the theory of Mitrany. We mainly investigated the secondary source that described historic facts on the rise and fall of WHO in terms of roles and functionings during establishment of WHO, the cold war era, and international cooperation of public health. The roles of WHO were analyzed by selecting the gains of WHO in the post cold war era. The functionalism arrangement of Imber was appropriate to some extent in explaining the establishment and role of WHO. The first step was International Sanitary Conference in 1851 that made nations to recognize international cooperation of public health, and the second step was the establishment of WHO that handles public health as an international organization. Recent cases of the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control and International Health Regulations showed that each nation agreed with an international norm that they had to cooperate each other to tackle infectious diseases and smoking, and this implies that these were emergence of global governance. This process was the third step of Imber's theory (nations had a gain from international cooperation would agree with the expansion of authority of international organization). However, the last two steps of the theory are still not realized. The partial success of WHO was based on the functional elements that WHO deals with non-political elements, human resources centering on professionals, and democratic decision making process. This essential and non-political characteristics mean that necessity of international cooperation catalyzed by WHO would continue despite of the global governance era when global health governance get faced more challenges.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.12
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• pp.5974-5983
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• 2011

This paper is a study to discover the influence of American and Japanese Architecture on Building the post-war Korean Contemporary Architecture by looking through the architectural works of KIM Jongsoo and KIM Swoo-Geun. To overcome the deteriorated Korean architectural production system, these two architects chose different solutions; KIM Jongsoo developed new materials and introduced industrialized production system based on his own research, and KIM Swoo-Geun tried to develope engineering capability via Korea Engineering Consultant Corp. supported by Korean government which led Korean economic development plan. The difference of their solutions was due to their different background; fund of studying abroad, architectural education system in USA & Japan respectively and preferred solutions of personal or national dimension.