• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.50 no.6
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• pp.477-485
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• 2006

study investigated the influences of the forms of verbal external representations and students' verbal learning style in learning chemical concepts with drawing as a method to assist students in connecting and integrating multiple external representations. Seventh graders (N=133) at a coed middle school were assigned to formal drawing (FD) and personalized drawing (PD) groups. Students in the PD group were provided words at personalized style as verbal external representations for drawing, while those in the FD group were provided words at formal style. All students were taught about Boyles Law and Charless Law for two class hours. Results revealed that the scores of a conception test for the PD group were significantly higher than those for the FD group. In a situational interest test, students with strong verbal learning style preference scored significantly higher than students with weak verbal learning style preference in the two groups. Most PD group students were found to prefer to read verbal external representations at personalized style for drawing rather than at formal style, and perceived their activities positively upon cognitive, affective and motivational aspects. Students with strong verbal learning style preference had more positive perceptions about their activities than students with weak verbal learning style preference especially upon affective and motivational aspects.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.39-56
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to examine difference of Young Children's Self-Regulation by Mother's Verbal Control. To do so, The subject was composed of 146 3-, 4-, 5-year-old recruited from 5 child care centers in I city area And it utilized questionnaires to ask 146 mothers concerning Mother's Verbal Control and Young Children's Self-Regulation. The findings of this study were : First, the age and the gender of young children didn't affect the mother's verbal control. Second, the age of young children positively affected self decision and total self regulation total that is the subordinate area of self regulation. Third, use degree of mother's order and humanity verbal control divided high and low group up to the standard average value. As a result a low rank distribution of mother's verbal control positively affected. Forth, a result a low rank distribution of mother's verbal control positively affected self decision and behavior restrain and emotion and total self regulation total that is the subordinate area of self regulation.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.123-134
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• 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to identify the problems of verbal violence that adolescents face in the post-human age, when the non-face-to-face media is increasing. Methods: A survey was conducted on 305 adolescents, aged 14 to 16 years of middle school and high school students. The data were analyzed with the SPSS 25.0. Results: As a result of conducting multiple regression analysis to identify the type of conversation that affects verbal abuse of adolescents, a model with a conversation with family, conversation with other people, messenger conversation such as KakaoTalk, and video chat conversation was selected. The amount of explanation was 11.4%. (R2 = .114) Of these, non-face-to-face conversations have been shown to increase verbal violence, and face-to-face conversations with family have, in turn, lowered the risk. As a result of t-testing to examine the effect of verbal abuse experience on the verbal violence index, the damage experience was significant in depression (p = .042) and impulsive aggression (p = .021). (P = .000). Conclusion: This study reiterates the importance of family dialogue along with the fact that the development of various non-face-to-face media in the Fourth Industrial Revolution can have a negative impact on adolescent mental health.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.203-208
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• 2020

This study examined whether Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) is related to the reduction of specific memory among linguistic memory and visuospatial memory, and to identify the most predictive index for discriminating MCI from normal elderly. The subjects were analyzed for 189 elderly (103 healthy elderly, 86 MCI). The verbal memory was used by the Seoul Verbal Learning Test. visuospatial memory was measured using the Rey Complex Figure Test. As a result of multiple logistic regression, verbal memory and visuospatial memory showed significant predictive performance in discriminating MCI from normal elderly. On the other hand, when all the confounding variables were corrected, including the results of each memory test, the predictive power was significant in distinguishing MCI from normal aging only in the immediate recall of verbal memory, and the predictive power was not significant in the immediate recall of visuospatial memory. This result suggests that delayed recall of visuospatial memory and immediate recall of verbal memory are the best combinations to discriminate memory ability of MCI.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.367-376
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• 1999

When 37 7th-graders learned science in cooperative learning environments, their small-group processes were audio/video taped. The verbal behaviors that appeared in cooperative learning processes were categorized, and the relationships between verbal behaviors and academic achievement were investigated. Students' verbal behaviors were classified into learning behaviors and management behaviors. Learning behaviors were further coded into giving help. reading problem, and asking help. Giving help was the most frequent behavior among the categories. In studying zero-order correlation between verbal behaviors and academic achievement, giving help and reading problem were found to have positive relationships with academic achievement. Giving specific content, which is a subcategory of giving help. showed the closest correlation with academic achievement. In studying partial correlation between verbal behaviors and the improvement of academic achievement, only application subtest score. which demands higher-order thinking, was positively related with some verbal behaviors including giving specific content.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.9 no.10
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• pp.183-190
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• 2018

This study was conducted to investigate experiences, convergent responses and expected negative impacts of verbal abuse of 253 paramedic students when they were doing clinical training practice. The results were as follows. First, 34%(86 people) experienced verbal abuse, the most frequently verbal abuse was done by Patients and Patient's family. Second, the most frequently contents of verbal abuse by Patient and Patient's family, Paramedic, Doctor and Nurse was 'Talking down or rude talk to me'. Third, the most frequently emotional responses of the students was 'Angry' and coping was 'Tolerate'. Fourth, the most frequently expected negative impacts was 'Practice productivity will be compromised'. Fifth, when experiencing verbal abuse by Paramedic was correlated with emotional responses(r=.458 p=.000), emotional responses was correlated with stress and expected negative impacts(r=.553 p=.000, r=.540 p=.000). In conclusion, it will be necessary to provide preventive education on verbal abuse before clinical training practice and to take active measures that have been protocolized.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.63-73
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• 2004

This study examined the effects of perceived marriage conflict, mother's parenting and child's behavior problems on the child abuse. The sample consisted of 428 filth and sixth grade children. Statistical methods used for data analysis were Cronbach's alpha, factor analysis, Pearson's correlation, multiple regression and path analysis. Several major results found from the analysis were as follows. First, the more the child perceived the parent's marriage conflict, the mother's parenting was controlling and the child's behavior was externalized, the more the child was subjected to the physical and verbal abuses. The mother's controlling parenting behavior had a first direct influence on the physical abuse, and the marriage conflict on the verbal abuse. Second, the marriage conflict had direct and indirect positive effects on the physical and verbal abuses through the mother's affective and controlling parenting and the child's externalizing behavior problems. Third, the mother's controlling parenting had direct and indirect positive effects on the physical and verbal abuses through the child's externalizing behavior problems and. And mother's affective parenting had a direct negative effect on the physical and verbal abuses. Fourth, child's externalizing behavior problems had a direct positive effect on the physical and verbal abuse. Fifth, child's sex had an indirect effect on the physical and verbal abuses through mother's affective and controlling parenting. That is, boys were more exposed to the physical and verbal abuses, because mothers more controlled and less affected boys than girls.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.141-161
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• 2011

This study have an intention of identifying multiple intelligence aptitude, career tendency and career maturity of verbal writing gifted students. 60 verbal writing gifted students who have achieved success in the writing contest were collected for this study. The data was selected through survey MI instruments from the students. The results are summarized as follow. First, verbal writing gifted students' MI profiles were revealed that linguistic intelligence, musical intelligence were strong, and logicalmathematical intelligence was weak. Second, many verbal writing gifted students showed strong musical career aptitude and strong linguistic career aptitude but few writing gifted students showed strong logical-mathematical aptitude. It was revealed that logical-mathematical interest had significant relationship with logical-mathematical achievement in the p-value<.01. Third, there were many linguistic career tendency students & interpersonal career tendency students. But there was no naturalist career tendency student. Musical career tendency, naturalist career tendency showed big differences between strong career aptitude and career tendency. Fourth, career maturity of verbal writing gifted student was very high. The finding can be explained that most of them have characteristics of early career maturity. Parents, teachers, specialists have to provide career information matching strong aptitude and aptitude improving education matching career tendency to the verbal writing gifted students to choose their career successfully.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2002

This study set out to investigate what kind of effects the consistent visual stimuli and verbal and non verbal auditory stimuli have on pain alleviation, as well as to see the influence of joint application of visual and auditory stimuli at the same time on pain alleviation, according to lightness of 50lux and 200lux, ultimately providing basic data in setting up an environment in case of treating pain. The subject were comprised of 30 male and female adults with pain in the neck and back area. The subject were treated in their pain area with Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulator(TENS) 100HZ for 20 minutes in the research set where each visual, auditory, and joint visual and auditory stimuli was given. For analysis methods, Visual Analogue Scale(VAS) and McGill Pain Questionnaire were adopted to see the changes before and after treatment, and the electrocardiogram, systolic and diastolic pressure, number of heart rate and breathing frequence and endorphin were compared and analyzed using the Wilcoxon singed-rank test. And The Kreskal-walllis test was used to compare the two subgroups from each group. Wilcoxon singed-rank test and the Kreskal-walllis test was used to compare the two subgroups from each group. The results were as follows: 1. The group of 50lux and 200lux were compared given varying degrees of visual stimuli. The group of 200lux showed more reduction in pain points, average systolic and diastolic pressure and average endorphin. 2. The group of verbal and non verbal were compared given varying degrees of auditory stimuli. The group of non-verbal showed more reduction in average systolic and diastolic pressure. 3. The group of 200lux+verbal and 200lux+non verbal were compared given varying degrees of joint visual and auditory stimuli. There was found a statistical significance(p<0.05) in endorphin between the two groups, with more endorphin reduction for 200lux+non verbal group. And there was a statistically significant reduction in VAS and McGill before and after the treatment between the two groups.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.49-61
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• 2008

This study explored the contents of young children's verbal communications with their teachers in play situations. Participants were 2- to 6-year-old children. Results of observations showed 10 different verbal categories : making demands, asking questions, boasting, complementing the teacher, gaining recognition from the teacher, telling tales, explaining, making suggestions, asking permission, and insisting on one's own way. The five categories most frequently observed in older children were demanding, asking questions, boasting, explaining, and insisting on one's own way. Teachers were advised to prepare to respond more effectively to the variety of young children's verbal communication with their teachers.