• Fibers and Polymers
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.19-27
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• 2005

High-speed melt spinning of syndiotactic polystyrene was carried out using high and low molecular weight poly­mers, HM s-PS and LM s-PS, at the throughput rates of 3 and 6 g/min. The effect of take-up velocity on the structure and properties of as-spun fibers was investigated. Wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) patterns of the as-spun fibers revealed that the orientation-induced crystallization started to occur at the take-up velocities of 2-3 km/min. The crystal modification was a-form. Birefringence of as-spun fibers showed negative value, and the absolute value of birefringence increased with an increase in the take-up velocity. The cold crystallization temperature analyzed through the differential scanning calorimetry (OSC) decreased with an increase in the take-up velocity in the low speed region, whereas as the melting temperature increased after the on-set of orientation-induced crystallization. It was found that the fiber structure development proceeded from lower take-up velocities when the spinning conditions of higher molecular weight and lower throughput rate were adopted. The highest tensile modulus of 6.5 GPa was obtained for the fibers prepared at the spinning conditions of LM s-PS, 6 g/min and 5 km/min, whereas the highest tensile strength of 160 MPa was obtained for the HM s-PS fibers at the take-up velocity of 2 km/min. Elongation at break of as-spun fibers showed an abrupt increase, which was regarded as the brittle-duc­tile transition, in the low speed region, and subsequently decreased with an increase in the take-up velocity. There was a uni­versal relation between the thermal and mechanical properties of as-spun fibers and the birefringence of as-spun fibers when the fibers were still amorphous. The orientation-induced crystallization was found to start when the birefringence reached -0.02. After the starting of the orientation-induced crystallization, thermal and mechanical properties of as-spun fibers with similar level of birefringence varied significantly depending on the processing conditions.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제16권9호
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• pp.23-32
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• 2015

본 논문에서는 암석발파 유발 진동에 대한 포괄적인 추세특성을 파악하기 위하여 국내 97개의 현장에서 계측된 시험발파진동에 관한 자료를 이용하여 굴착종류(터널, 벤치굴착) 및 암석종류별로 발파진동의 특성을 조사 및 검토하였다. 계측된 자료는 주로 강원도 및 경상도 지역의 시험발파 현장으로부터 획득하였으며, 계측현장 자료의 암석종류는 화강암이 제일 많았으며 그다음으로 편마암, 석회암, 사암, 셰일 순으로 나타났다. 본 연구를 통한 분석 결과, 발파진동 속도는 굴착종류(터널, 벤치)에 따라 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났으며, 터널발파에 비하여 벤치발파에 의한 진동속도가 더 크게 발생하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 발파진동은 암석종류에 따라 크게 영향을 받는 것으로 나타나 향후 암석종류를 포함한 발파진동 추정식 관리가 필요할 것으로 나타났다. 이와 더불어 본 연구를 통해 얻어진 결과와 기존의 국내 발파진동 추정식에 의한 결과들과 상호 비교하였으며, 비교결과 터널발파에서 자승근식을 이용한 결과를 제외하곤 큰 차이가 나타나 향후 암반에서의 발파진동 추정과 관련하여 암석의 강도 및 절리특성, 지층분포, 굴착종류, 사용화약, 계측장비 및 방법 등의 영향을 종합적으로 반영한 더욱더 많은 연구 및 관심이 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국해안해양공학회지
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.208-218
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• 1992

1차원 폐쇄형 수노에서 바람에 의해 발생되는 흐름에 대해 수면구배와 유속의 수직구조를 제시하는 해석해를 정상상태 하에서 유도하였다. 해석해는 저면의 경계조건으로 저면마찰응력 $ au$$_{b}$를 부여하는 가정하에 유도되었으며, 연직 운동양 확산계수 $ extsc{k}$$_{M}$이 수심에 무관한 상수, 수심의 1차함수 및 2차함수일 경우를 포함하며, 저면류속이 no-slip이라는 가정과 저면마찰응력 $\tau$$_{b}$의 매개화에 따른 관계를 제시하고 있다. 모드 분리된, $\sigma$좌표를 채택한 (x-$\sigma$) 수치모형 결과와 유도된 해석해를 비교ㆍ검토하였다. 비교된 경우는 $textsc{k}$$_{M}$이 상수, 수심의 1차 및 2차함수인 경우로써, $textsc{k}$$_{M}$이 상수일 경우는 균일 수심, 완만한 수심경사 및 비교적 급격한 수심경사를 갖는 경우에 대해 수면구배와 유속구조를 검토 하였다. $textsc{k}$$_{M}$이 수심의 1차 및 2차함수인 경우에는 $\tau$$_{b}$의 변화에 대한 유원구조를 비교ㆍ분석하였다. 비교ㆍ분석 결과 유연구조는 $textsc{k}$$_{M}$ 값 뿐만 아니라 $textsc{k}$$_{M}$의 형태에 의해서도 변하며, $\tau$$_{b}$의 간에 의해서도 변하는 것을 보이고 있으며, 계산결과는 전반적으로 해자해와 일치함을 보였다.치함을 보였다.보였다.치함을 보였다.

• 재무관리연구
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.111-130
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• 2008

이 논문은 분수공적분 개념을 이용하여 KOSPI200지수와 지수선물가격간에 장기균형관계가 있는지를 살펴보고 있다. 이것을 위해 로그변환 현 선물가격 각각의 분수차분계수를 주파수영역 (frequency domain)의 GPH 추정량을 구한 다음, 현 선물 회귀식의 추정을 통해 도출한 균형오차의 차분계수와 비교하였다. 이 방법은 전통적인 공적분방법에서 규명하지 못한 금융시계열자료의 통계적인 특성을 분석할 수 있는 장점이 있다. 분석결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 정수차원의 차분구조모형에서는 공적분검정을 통한 장기균형관계의 증거를 찾기가 어려웠다. ADF 단위근 검정과 KPSS 정상성 검정에서 상반된 결과가 제시되어 두 시계열을 I(1)으로 확정하기가 불가능하였다. 둘째, GPH 추정량를 이용하여 차분계수를 추정한 결과, 두 시계열 모두 불안정한 장기기억구조를 가지는 것으로 식별되었고 균형오차는 정상적인(stationary) 장기기억구조를 가져 현 선물가격간에 분수공적분관계가 있는 것으로 파악되었다. 이 논문은 선물시장과 현물시장이 장기균형관계를 국내 선행연구에서 이용하지 않았던 분수공적분을 이용하여 분석했다는 점에서 그 의의를 찾을 수 있다.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.117-125
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• 2003

Experimental and theoretical works were performed for the separation of large polyelectrolyte, such as DNA, in a column packed with gel particles under the influence of an electric field. Since DNA quickly orient in the field direction through the pores, this paper presents how intraparticle convection affects the residence time distribution of DNAs in the column. The concept is further illustrated with examples from solid -liquid systems, for example, from chromatography Showing how the column efficiency is improved by the use of a n electric field. Dimensionless transient mass balance equations were derived, taking into consideration both diffusion and electrophoretic convection. The separation criteria are theoretically studied using two different Peclet numbers in the fluid and solid phases. These criteria were experimentally verified using two different DNAs via electrophoretic mobility measurements. which showed how the separation position of the DNAs varies in the column in relation to the Peg/Pef values of an individual DNA. The residence time distribution was solved by an operator theory and the characteristic method to yield the column response.

• Water Engineering Research
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.119-127
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• 2000

In the process of crossflow microfiltration, a deposit of cake layer tends to form on the membrane, which usually controls the performance of filtration. It is found, however, that there exist a condition under which no deposit of cake layer is made. This condition is called the sub-critical flux condition, and the critical flux here means a flux below which a decline of flux with time due to the deposit of cake layer does not occur. In order to study the characteristics of the critical flux, a numerical model is developed to predict the critical flux condition, and is verified with experimental results. For development of the model, the concept of effective particle diameter is introduced to find a representative size of various particles in relation to diffusive properties of particles. The model is found to be in good match with the experimental results. The findings from the use of the model include that the critical flux condition is determined by the effective particle diameter and the ratio of initial permeate flux to crossflow velocity.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2004년도 하계학술대회 논문집 C
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• pp.1832-1834
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• 2004

The degree of contamination on outdoor insulator is one of the most importance factors to determine the pollution level of outdoor insulations, and the sea salt is known as the most dangerous pollutant. As shown through the preceding study, the generation of salt pollutant and the pollution degree of outdoor insulator have a close relation with meteorological conditions, such as wind velocity, rainfall, and so on. So, in this paper, we have made database using the past meteorological data and ESDD(equivalent salt deposit density) and then we predicted the pollution degree in the future after analyzing currently meteorological data of database.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2004년도 하계학술대회 논문집 C
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• pp.1802-1804
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• 2004

In seashore, outdoor insulators are polluted due to salty wind and the pollution causes the flashover and failure of electric equipments. As well known, the pollution has a close relation with meteorological factors such as wind velocity, precipitation, wind direction, relative humidity, dew point, etc. In this paper we statistically analyzed the correlation between the pollution and the meteorological factors including snowfall and freezing. The multiple regression analysis was used for the statistical analysis; daily measured equivalent salt deposit density(dependent variable) and the meteorological data(independent variable) were used. From the results of this investigation, we verified the influence of snowfall and freezing on the ESDD, which has been overlooked in the preceding investigation.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2011년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.932-939
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• 2011

This paper deal with technique of tension length calculation for 350km/h high speed catenary system. Tension length affects in facility investment. Possibility of overlap increasing a tension length and the equipment investor decreases in order to decrease. Considers the parameter which specifies and the grudge which is possible long the fact that decides a tension length is the aim which is important plans overhead contact line. The element which decides a tension length with next following; (i) Operating range of tension device, (ii) Change of the horizontal tension which affects possibility of the effect which operates to the line and span, (iii) Tension of wire material the tensile force which is relation, (iv) Wire thermal expantion which relates with a standard temperature, (v) Curve radius, (vi) Wind velocity, (vii) Thermal range of overhead contact wire and mechanical design of tension mechanism etc.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2004년도 ICCAS
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• pp.699-703
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• 2004

The autopilot system targets decreasing labor, working environment, service safety security and elevation of service efficiency. Ultimate purpose is minimizing number of crew for guarantee economical efficiency of shipping service. Recently, being achieving research about Course Keeping Control, Track Keeping Control, Roll-Rudder Stabilization, Dynamic ship Positioning and Automatic Mooring Control etc. which compensate nonlinear characteristic using optimizing control technique. And application research is progressing using real ship on actual field. Relation of Rudder angle which adjusted by Steering Machine and ship-heading angle are non-linear. And, Load Condition of ship acts as non-linear element that influence to Parameter of ship. Also, because the speed of a current and direction of waves, velocity and quantity of wind etc. that id disturbance act in non-linear form, become factor who make service of shipping painfully. Therefore, service system of shipping requires robust control algorithm that can overcome nonlinearity. In this paper, Using GA algorithm,design autopilot system of ship that could overcome the non-linear factor of ship and disturbance and examined result through simulation.