• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.153-166
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• 2004

This study analyzed the positioning of family restaurants by image factors, as a result, customers divided into 5 groups from 7 restaurants. All customers realized similar images from subject restaurants, which told that those restaurants are within an intense competition. Strong points of each restaurant are as follows by factors; Outback and TGIF was confidence, Sizzler and Outback was response, Outback and Skylark was type, Bennigan's and TGIF was reliability, Bennigan's and Outback was reactivity. Weak points each restaurant are as follows by factors; Bennigan's and TonyRoma's were confidence and response, TonyRoma's and Marche was type, Sizzler and TonyRoma's was confidence, Sizzler and TonyRoma's was reactivity. The analysis on each restaurants' images by factors told that response and reactivity were above the average, confidence and reliability were around the average, type was the lowest value. It told that customers didn't give a high rating toward restaurants' food flavor, freshness, cleanliness, therefore restaurants need pay more attention to positioning strategies, Instead, customers gave a high rating toward service, accessibility, menu-variety, and parking-convenience, therefore, continuous improvement is required.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.140-147
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• 2010

The objectives of this study are, first to define the concept of restaurant total coordination and establish its components as a design strategy for planning and managing all elements comprising a restaurant, and second, to survey the total coordination of Japanese restaurants in foreign countries and examine how traditionality, which is an element for globalizing Japanese restaurants, is expressed. This study was conducted through literature review for defining the concept of restaurant total coordination and extracting its components and a field survey for analyzing the current state of restaurant total coordination and traditionality expression methods. The results of this study are as follows. First, Japanese restaurants categorized into Type A with relatively high traditionality expression(3.3 or higher) were 25% of the surveyed restaurants. These restaurants showed the traditional characteristics of Japanese style as they are without contemporary adaptation for all components of restaurant. Second, 41.7% of the restaurants were categorized into Type B with traditionality expression between 1.7 and 3.3. They were mostly popular casual restaurants at which people can enjoy Japanese food comfortably. In visual and spatial design elements, traditional and contemporary styles appeared in the equal percentage, and decoration, table setting and food design were styled according to Japanese traditions. Third, 4 cases(33.3%) were categorized into Type C with traditionality expression below 1.7. Because they were fine dining restaurants that sold high priced dishes, formality and consistency were also high. Through all design elements including visual, spatial, table setting and food design elements, elegant and simple contemporary images were dominant. The results of this study will be used as basic materials to establish the concept of total coordination that views the visual, spatial, table setting and food design elements comprising a restaurant, which were approached separately in previous studies on restaurants, together from the viewpoint of integrative deigns, and to make design strategies for globalizing Korean restaurants based on Japanese restaurant cases.

• Journal of Applied Tourism Food and Beverage Management and Research
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.37-56
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• 2001

This study was to examine what factors of Relationship marketing are in Korean, Chinese, Japanese, and American. The seven factors of relationship marketing consist of facilities/atmosphere, convenience, level of factors, customer-contact service, communication service, relevance of price, customer benefits. The empirical results and implications are as follows. First, the facilities/atmosphere, relevance of price in Korean restaurants convenience, level of food in Chinese customer-contact service, level of flood in American restaurants were high. Second, among activities of relationship marketing, facilities/atmosphere, convenience, level of food, relevance of price were significant higher in Korean restaurants than in others, and customer-contact service, communication a7vi7e, customer benefits were significant higher in American restaurants than in others.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.5-20
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• 2011

It is very important that the development of rural tourism resources and contents for agritourism increases rural household income and vitalizes local economy. In this sense, accelerating the rural traditional food materials into resources plays significant roles for the local economy. The farm-restaurant project, as a part of a development of rural traditional foods can not only help popularize the rural food-culture, but it also promote the consumption of local products by urban customers. It is difficult to manage both types of restaurants which are the dining type and the experience-centered farm restaurants as a farmer. In particular, the managers of the farm restaurants have some operational problems in developing a new menu and an experiential-program using their local farm products. The purpose of this study was to present steps that can be used for the existing menu-improvement and developing new menu processes of the farm restaurants that have been in operation for more than two years. By the purpose of menu developing for a restaurant, this research is designed for the case study. For collecting date for the study, we gained knowledge about the issues concerning menus from in depth interviews with the managers in two subject farm restaurants. The results suggested that a new menu, such as table d'h$\^{o}$te, $\`{a}$ la carte meals, specialties, kids meal, various dressing, are based on solving issues such as a limitation of food materials and the necessity of a kids meal in dining type of farm restaurants. Also, the suggested new menu, such as seasonal specialties and side dishes, are based on solving issues such as urgent development of various experiential programs and necessity of seasonal specialties in experiential type of farm restaurants.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.51-61
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• 2015

The purposes of this study were to examine the characteristics of elements composing the cultural identity of Chinese architectural and spatial design, and to analyze the expression characteristics and influencing factors of contemporary restaurant design. With these purposes, first, this study reviewed related literature in order to find the characteristics of tangible elements observed in intangible elements and space expression characteristics forming the cultural identity of China. Second, this study conducted a case study in order to understand the expression characteristics of the design of Chinese restaurants in Shanghai and to find factors influencing the design. In order to sample the subjects of the case study, the researcher selected 18 restaurants that were recommended repeatedly in books on Chinese restaurants and tourism and major Internet sites or highly evaluated by visitors, and then choose 15 of them that were found to be fit for the purpose of the survey. According to the result of the survey, the restaurants were largely grouped by type into 10 cases of fine dining, 3 of middle-class casual dining, 1 of fast food, and 1 of luxury tea house serving traditional tea and snacks. Of these restaurants, 46.7% (7 cases) were of CM-CM-CM type, namely, using contemporary simple elements in all of external spaces, indoor spaces, and decorations, 20% (3 cases) were of CM-CM-CT type, using contemporary and simple external and indoor spaces, and traditional furniture or articles, 20% (3 cases) were of CT-CM-CT type, using traditional external spaces such as traditional buildings, contemporary simple finishing of indoor spaces, and traditional articles such as palace lanterns and traditional doors and windows, and 13.3% (2 cases) were of CT-CT-CT type, using traditional elements in their original forms in general. Through this research and survey, cultural identity showing Chinese traditions observed in the expression characteristics of restaurant spatial designs was confirmed, and it was also found that the identity was underlain by ideologies, values, lifestyles, etc. that had long accumulated through the long history of the country and exerted a great influence.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.538-552
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• 2020

Tis study was an attempt to systematically analyze the characteristics of modern Korean food styling using the menu image photos of the Michelin Guide Seoul 2020 restaurants. The first sampling was conducted on the 27th of March 2020 and the second on the 27th of October 2020. A collection of images on the web and 442 photographic cases obtained by a search through theoretical background literature and research papers were studied by a qualitative analysis method. First, the food styling contents were analyzed and based on that, the food styling characteristics of the menus of 11 restaurants in Korea including the contemporary restaurants were considered. The analysis revealed several aspects of Korean food styling. First, food styling appeared to have three major characteristics: color, shape, and container styling. Color styling was further subdivided into single color/similar color, color contrast, source type, and accent color type. The shape/formative styling was classified into figure type, shape type, accessory type, and garnish type, and container styling was categorized as container color type, container shape type, and container material type. Second, the modern Korean food color styling characteristics of Michelin restaurants were categorized in the order of monochromatic/similar type, sauce type, accent color type, and color contrast. In the formative styling category, it was categorized in the order of shape type, small piece type, garnish/garnish type, and figure type. In container styling, container material type and formative type accounted for the major portion of the category. The food styling characteristics of the modern Korean menu were systematized and image examples were presented visually. Please use it as food styling educational material or personal food styling skill.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.11
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• pp.413-423
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• 2011

Service environments are known to have effects on quality recognition in fine-dining and family type restaurants. The current study explores that the effects are also likely in the fast-food type ones. To verify the research method factor and reliability analysis of SPSS version 18.0 are applied. The program is also used to test the influences among variables. With multiple regression analysis the study finds that there is a significant effect of service environment on quality recognition in fast-food type restaurants. The study also finds that employees' uniform and cleanliness are more influential than waiting time which is generally known as a key factor in fast food service restaurants.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.524-535
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to identify the differences of cognitive responses, emotional responses, customer satisfaction, and service loyalty about service encounter quality by types of restaurants and to analyse emotional responses, customer satisfaction, and service loyalty in accordance with level of service encounter quality. The questionnaire were collected from customers (N=812) who had used restaurants in Seoul, aiming at 15 or more-year-old customers from October 24, 2005 to November 6, 2005. The main results of this study were as follows: Statistically significant difference was showed in importance and performance of interaction quality, importance and performance of physical environment quality, performance of outcome quality depending on types of restaurants, while significant difference was not indicated in importance of outcome quality by types of restaurants. Positive emotional response was significantly high by types of restaurants in order of fine-dining restaurants, family restaurants, and fast-food restaurants, while negative emotional responses were significantly higher in fast-food restaurants than in the other two types. As far as Customer satisfaction are concerned, fine-dining restaurants showed higher customer satisfaction than the other two types. Attitudinal service loyalty was high in fine-dining restaurants, family restaurants and fast-food restaurants in order and behavioral loyalty was not significantly different with each type of restaurant. In accordance with level of service encounter quality, cluster analysis was conducted and the clusters were divided into 'high-valuation' and 'low-valuation'. 'High-valuation cluster' and 'low-valuation cluster' showed significant difference depending on types of restaurants that customers used(p<.001). The customers who used fine-dining restaurants and family restaurants valued the performance of service encounter highly. However, in fast-food restaurants, a lot of low-valuation customers existed. Therefore, fast-food restaurants have to improve performance of interaction quality, outcome quality and physical environment quality in service encounter. In addition, in 'high-valuation cluster' who valued service encounter quality highly showed higher scores in positive responses, customer satisfaction, service loyalty than in 'low-valuation cluster', and showed low negative responses.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.692-701
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• 2009

Green tourism has recently focused on an alternative plan for activating a rural economy and coping with an income inequality between urban and rural areas. The Rural Development Administration has supported farm restaurants with the aim of increasing the income of farmers, determined unique native local foods and developed programs based on the experience rural life since 2007. Farm restaurants, which are the new type of local food restaurants, have unique food and various experiencing programs that reflect their own regional characteristics. We would like to understand how the farm restaurants have been developed and what types of characteristics they have based on the currently operating farm restaurants. The management situations and value of farm restaurants as tourist attractions were investigated as well in the tools for rural development.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.246-251
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• 1999

The purposed of this study was to investigate the efficient recycling of food waste according to the restaurants type. To the investigated of characteristic of food wastes in different types of restaurants we were collected the sample of 60 as Korean 35 Chinese 10 Japanese 5 Western 5 Flour 5 in Swoon. The average water content of food waste was 79.9% and Korean restaurant was 80.3% which was hig-her than that of any other serving type. On the examination of a organic matter content of food waste according to the season crude fiber was higher in may and July crude protein content was higher in January and march than that other seasons. The average pH of food waste was 4,74 C/N ratio was 15.8 and the average cation content was K 0.57% Ca 0.39% Mg 0.22% NaCl 3.36% respectively The aver-age concentration of Fe, Zn, Pb, Cu, Cr, Cd Ni were 154.37 mg/kg 24.79 mg/kg 0.27 mg/kg 5.63 mg/kg 5.49 mg/kg, 0.31mg/kg 1.07mg/kg respectively.