• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.108-129
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• 1998

Many empirical research surveys have su, pp.rted that Organizational Citizenship Behavior(OCB) is influenced by or closely related with leadership styles. The primary purpose is to test the moderating effects of structural factors (formalization, centralization) and personal factors(growth needs, sex, age, tenure, rank, occuption, school carrer) between 2 leadership styles and 2 OCB factors. For the analytical purpose of this article, Fisher's Z-transformation and SGC(split groups correlations) methods were introduced. Generally 2 leadership styles are found to influence on altruism and conscientiousness respectively. Out of 36 cases, only 2 cases were significant in moderating effects. Based on empirical results, there is no moderating effects in conscientiousness. But altruism is found to more closely related with employee-centered leadership in low centralized group than in high centralized group, and more closely related with job-centered leadership in low growth-needs group than in high growth-needs group.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.2649-2653
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• 1972

Many empirical research surveys have supported that Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) is influnced by or closely related with leadership styles. The first purpose of this study is to review the relationship between 2 leadership styles(employee-centered style, job-centered style) and 2 OCB factors(altruism, conscientiousness) as a criterion variable, and the second and primary purpose is to test the moderating effects of structural factors(formalization, centralization) and personal factors(growth needs, sex, age, tenure, rank, occupation, school career) between 2 leadership styles and 2 OCB factors. For the analytical purpose of this article, Fisher's Z-transformation and SGC(split groups correlations) methods were introduced. Generally 2 leadership styles are found to influence on altruism and conscientiousness respectively. Out of 36 cases, only 2 cases were significant in moderating effects. Based on empirical results, there is no moderating effects in conscientiousness. But altruism is found to more closely related with employee-centered leadership in low centralized group than on high centralized group, and more closely related with job-centered leadership in low growth-needs group than in high growth-needs group.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.2054-2061
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• 2010

This paper suggests an algorithm for optimal positioning individuals(or observations) with p-dimensional measurements into coordinates of a two dimensional space. A criterion for optimizing the rotation is taken as the consistency of the grouping result obtained by the cluster analysis. This paper introduces the criterion and a transformation matrix for the orthogonal rotation. The criterion of the optimal positioning is that standard groups are placed in each quadrant of the positioning. An optimal angle of the orthogonal rotation is investigated and found by this criterions.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.629-646
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• 2004

Let G be a compact semialgebraic group and M a semi-algebraic G-set. We prove that there exists a semialgebraic slice at every point of M. Moreover M can be covered by finitely many semialgebraic G-tubes. As an application we give a different proof that every semialgebraic G-set admits a semi algebraic G-embedding into some semialgebraic orthogonal representation space of G, which has been proved in [15].

• Journal of International Academy of Physical Therapy Research
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.871-877
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• 2015

This research was conducted to investigate the effect of continuous antagonistic muscle strengthening exercise and Evjenth-Hamberg stretching on the pulmonary function of university students with abnormal transformation of forward head posture(FHP). The results of study subject to the continuous antagonistic muscle strengthening(CAS) group(n=10) and Evjenth- Hamberg stretching(EHS) group(n=10) that was conducted 3 times a week for 6 weeks are as follow. FVC, IVC, and MVV all were shown to be significant in the pre post comparison between the CAS group and EHS group(p<.05), and significant difference was shown for MW between the two groups(p<.05) in which the CAS group showed better effect. Based on the results above, it is considered that combining continuous antagonistic muscle strengthening exercise has better effect on pulmonary function compared to application of only Evjenth-Hamberg stretching.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.126-131
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• 2008

In this study, we prepared zirconia gel by the sol-gel method and investigated its photoluminescence properties by varying pyrolysis temperature. The addition of acetic acid into a Zr-alkoxide solution resulted in forming the bidentate ligands with Zr ions and producing a stable gel. At the pyrolysis temperature of $350^{\circ}C$, the zirconia nanocrystals with tetragonal structure gradually appeared in the gel. The PL intensity of the zirconia gel increased with increasing the pyrolysis temperature up to $350^{\circ}C$, but decreased above the temperature. Concurrently, its PL peak wavelength continuously shifted from ${\sim}440\;nm$ to ${\sim}550\;nm$ with the temperature. The PL characteristics of the zirconia gels were closely associated with decomposition of residual organic groups, the formation of the zirconia nanocrystals, and the tetragonal to monoclinic phase transformation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2002.09a
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• pp.117-121
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• 2002

A numerical model that describes the reductive dechlorination of tetrachloroethene(PCE) to ethene via cis-dichloroethene(CDCE) was developed. The model included two separated dehalogenator groups : one for PCE transformation to cDCE via TCE and the other for cDCE dehalogenation to ethene via VC, competitive inhibition between different chloroethene electron accepters, and competition for H$_2$ between dechlorination and methanogens. Model simulations suggest first, that PCE dechlorinators are better competitive with methanogens than cDCE dechlorinators. Second, not only the initial relative population size of dehalogenators and H$_2$-utilizing methanogens but also electron donor delivery strategies used greatly affects the degree of dehalogenation. As a result, all of factors in the above must be considered in order to achieve economical and successful bioremediation of contaminated soil and groundwater with chlorinated solvents.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.235-240
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• 2007

A current-balancing segmented group-inverting transmitter is presented for multi-Gb/s single-ended parallel links. With an additional increase of 4 pins, 16-bit data is efficiently encoded to 20 pins to achieve the current balancing and eliminate the simultaneous switching noise. Since the proposed coding is a simple inversion-or-not transformation of pre-defined groups of binary data, it can be implemented with simplified logic circuits. The transmitter is designed with a $0.18{\mu}m$ CMOS technology, and simulated eye diagrams at 5Gb/s show dramatic improvements in signal integrity.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.509-525
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• 2016

According to the dynamic changes in the business environment, the structural transformation of firms has had an observable trend. An increasingly large number of firms have been transforming into either project-based organizations or project expert groups. This study aims to investigate the antecedents required for the optimal level of empowerment with consideration of the project-based team environmental nature and job characteristic. Three factors are applied to measure the significant effects on psychological empowerment as the result variables. To determine the antecedents and consequent factors of psychological empowerment, employees' interviews and precedent studies are used. For the empirical study, four determinants of empowerment variables are modeled into a second-order reflective construct. This study finds that psychological empowerment significantly affects performance. Therefore, this study can serve as a guideline for development and operating methods for project success.

• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.285-291
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• 1994

This paper is a contribution to the study of the isomorphism problems for algebras. Among the isomorphism problems, that of global determination is investigated here. That is, our investigation of the problems is concerned with the question whether two algebras are isomorphic when their globals are isomorphic. The answer is not always affirmative. The counterexample, due to E. M. Mogiljanskaja, is the class of all infinite semigroups. But T. Tamura and J. Shafer [6] proved that the class of all groups is globally determined and announced the same result for the class of rectangular bands. Vazenin [7] proved that for any set X, the transformation semigroup $T_{X}$ must be isomorphic to any semigroup S for any P(S)$\simeq$P($T_{X}/TEX>).(omitted)