• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.9-22
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• 2010

This research is attempted to investigate Dongcheon-rock inscription- to understand symbolic meanings from inscribed texts and to find its construction purpose. For the investigation, 25 target areas were selected for field exploration and literature review regarding Dongcheon were also performed. Several design characteristics of Dongcheon are as follows: First, Dongcheon has four criteria according to creation purpose: residential type(家居地型), hermitage type(隱棲地型), nature excursion type(山水遊覽型), aesthetic scenery type(勝景型), moral training type(修身型) and spiritual discipline type(修道地型). This category shows that Dongcheon is constructed at residential area, shelters, and place for leisure, mortal training and spiritual discipline. Second, Dongcheon is also classified by its location: location on village entrance in a deep forest(深山同口型) and location on near stream(溪流隣接型); location on near stream has also two types(連繫型, 單一領域型): location on an independent territory and location horizontal ground(平地型). Through garden creators' managing their garden in forest, valley and scenic spots, they pursue utopia. Third, naming is a way to create new landscape places. By naming a certain natural landscape as Dongcheon, the landscape is symbolized as utopia, appearing fairyland. Designer's desire and thoughts are saturated in Dongcheon.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.71-80
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• 2019

The Fourth Industrial Revolution, centered on intelligence and information, began to take hold in 2016. This study uses virtual reality technology, which is the most popular technology of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. The purpose of this study is to explore a Virtual Walk-through method, which can be easily applied to landscape architecture. At present, virtual reality technology is widely used in the fields of games, emergency training, and architectural design. However, in the field of landscape architecture, it is still in the development stage. In addition, most of the traditional ways to display virtual reality use 2D images, but such methods have some limitations. Therefore, this research addresses the three stages of "design-exhibition-experience" and puts forward a new simple method called 'Virtual Walk-through' that breaks from traditional landscape design exhibitions. The results show that compared with traditional methods, virtual reality has many advantages, such as the freedom of experience, a diversity of viewing angles, information supply, interaction, etc. It can show high quality images and effects, which are suitable for landscape design. It provides an evaluation method for garden design that can be utilized in the future. It is simple and has value as it can reflect the method and the expected effects. Virtual reality technology can bring an infinite number of prospects to the development of landscape architecture.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.138-149
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• 2015

In order to search for the reasonable planning directions for representing traditional landscape, this study conducted the comparative analysis of the designs on the panels and their constructions from both winners of "The Landscape Design Competitions for City Infrastructure of Minlak(2) District in Uijeongbu" and "The Design Competition for Dongtan(2) District Land Development Phase 1". The representing targets and views, the composition and placement of representing space, the design of representing facilities and landscape planting were examined based on the text, master plans, elevations and cross sections, diagrams, images, and perspective drawings proposed from the competition panels. Then, the landscape constructions were reviewed. The results are as follows: First, the types of the representing targets and views are the agricultural landscape, as the local landscape of target area, which are divided into the life space of a traditional village, the traditional water space, and the traditional culture. Second, as to the composition and placement of representing space, the traditional theme spaces are formulated considering the surrounding land use and the local cultural heritage. However, some spaces were changed to the exercise space or convenient facility spaces required in a neighborhood park. Third, in the case of the representing facilities, a round island in the square pond, a traditional pavilion and Hwagye(terraced flower bed) were made without the facilities designed creatively. Fourth, the application of traditional planting techniques was focused on planting trees in the village forest on an island in the square pond and on Hwagye. Fifth, the traditional representing work has gradually advanced with the selection of subject and experimental facility designs based on the professional references. Sixth, the choice of the realizable subject, the expertise for information analysis and the creative design of the traditional facility are required in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.68-79
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• 2012

This study examines features in using Japanese apricots that assume a leading place with a special symbolism among various species of trees adopted to traditional gardens from a landscaping view. Specific aspects of how Japanese apricots were adopted to traditional gardens are as follows. First, while Japanese apricots are used in modern landscape space, there traditionally were six types in use of Japanese apricots as Tammae(探梅) Jungmae(庭梅) Bunmae(盆梅) Byoungmae(甁梅) Chomae(造梅) and Mukmae(墨梅). Second, Japanese apricots planted in gardens[庭梅] were placed mainly in a front yard of Sarang-Chae(the men's part of a traditional house) took a central area because symbolism and ornamental values of Japanese apricots suited what classical scholars sought. Preferred planting sites at that time include south of the building, the yard of Sarang-Chae, space in front of windows and next to fences and waterside. Third, Japanese apricots in traditional gardens were planted in five ways; Dansik(單植) Daesik(對植) Gunsik(群植) Yeolsik(列植) Honsik(混植). Dansik was the most common way in planting Japanese apricots and Daesik intended to enhance orderedness and symbolism of space. Japanese apricots for appreciating in an open field took the form of Gunsik in general but Honsik was also used with species of special symbolism. This study offers an opportunity to grasp traditional planting methods of Japanese apricots based on understanding of cultural aspects of Japanese apricots by focusing on Japanese apricots, the representative traditional species of trees. Results of the study would help to recognize the need to newly understand Japanese apricots and be useful information to plant and use Japanese apricots in a traditional way.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.79-86
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to understand a architectural characteristics of local church in Virginia, U. S. This study focuses on not only analyzing the worship and service program inherent in the site planning of local church but also introducing worship service space and chancel elements of it in the village of garden area. We surveyed five protestant churches where are located in suburban and rural area outside of Midlothian city in the early August, 2010. I surveyed church building site and worship service space of churches focused on platform design, interviewed the historical background and program of churches with ministers, and corrected annual calender and newsletter. The results of this study are as follows. First, the characteristics of site plan have a comfortable parking lots and site of churchyard(cemetery) with playground that can take an activities out of chapel. The axis of church building follows to front street. Second, worship services keep two types of traditional and comtemporary worship in order to consider of both adult and youth members. The worship hall has a balance of bilateral symmetry. Third, the form of platform is built that is able to perform a music drama and movement of sermon without only one church, GraceLand Church that church building has over fifty years, and they stick to simple traditional type of Chancel that is established by pulpit, table(altar), baptistery(only baptist church), music instruments, and so on.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2010

This study examines the authentic meaning, location, garden layout, and structural characteristics of Suwoojae(守愚齋), the birth house of Garam Byungi Lee, which was the very epitome of the traditional house structure based on literature review, field survey, and the existing measured drawings. The followings explain how rusticity and spirit of scholars, the core concepts of Garam's poetry, were featured in structural and spacial arrangements of Suwoojae as well as its location and physical layout. 1. Suwoojae is enclosed by Cheonho mountain which fans out of Noryoung mountains in East and located on the tail of Yongwha mountain in West. It has proved to be Yangtack Myoungdang according to the Poongsoo theory, Inguljiryoungron; The energy of earth at a certain location results in the better fortune together with the energy emitted from human body. 2. Suwoojae is an official local monument which was built in 1844, late Joesoen Dynasty by Joheung Lee, Garam's grandfather. Some parts of inner-structure connect with the kitchen in the shape of called Gopae. Suwoojae consists of 4 Sarangchae, 3 Gobangchae, and a Jangdokdae behind Anchae. 3. Since inner and outer walls of Suwoojae are distinctly separate from the main structure, its look varies significantly from different angles. Suwoojae, in its entirety, discloses Garam's philosophy, ideas, and ideology on life and the universe. 4. Apricot trees, Japanese-magnolias, aromatic-trees, crape myrtle, white-magnolias, camellia-trees were planted on the left of the walls, and persimmon trees, jujube trees, plum trees, quince trees were at the inner-yard. Especially, trifoliate orange trees a natural monument of Jeonrabukdo draw substantial attention from visitors. 5. The main garden facilities are located in front of Sarangchae: A rectangle pond(14.72m in length and 3.87m in height), the surroundings of the pond and Anchae, rocks that have distinctive shapes. In general, the garden was designed to incorporate the scenery around Suwoojae as a part of its structure and contain the love for nature and aesthetic sense. 6. It seems that the natural surroundings of Suwoojae had helped form motives of Garam's poetry and assisted him in finding subject-matters and identifying the themes of his works. This is well revealed in his poem, Seungwoonjungee.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.224-232
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• 2012

Although evolution of construction materials brought about development of modern architecture, they caused destruction of the environment and pollution. This problem is not a new one in terms of ecological esthetics and materials of sustainable architecture in light of the Eastern view of nature and this idea became a background of this study. The basic concept is to try to find out their characteristics from a perspective of ecological esthetics in relation to traditional building materials that nature, architecture, and humans coexist and live with each other to balance. Based on ecological esthetics and precedent studies on materials of traditional architecture, we investigated connections, expressive methods and characteristics in traditional residential construction space. This attempt has meanings in that it can propose a new framework of forming various viewpoints and spatial perceptions in relation to esthetics and traditional construction materials. The current study examined the characteristics by dividing them into tangible and intangible elements based on expressive features of elements of nature. The characteristics found by this process are not simply notion of physical materials, but plays a key role aesthetically and ecologically. Nature and materials take circulation of the law of nature, regulate energy, increase efficiency and play a major role in an economic way. Nature in itself becomes natural alternative energy, and plays its role in an invisible fashion. It examined how expressive characteristics of construction materials are reflected through analyzing residential space and Korean traditional garden having relationships with Eastern viewpoint of nature in relation to Korean traditional construction materials from a perspective of ecological esthetics. Findings of the above study indicate that expressive characteristics of Korean traditional construction materials from a perspective of ecological esthetics are that nature, space, humans coexist and live together and they will provide a clue to an alternative to solve ecological and environmental problems modern society will have in the future. Through this process, it provided a possibility that traditional space and materials can be succeeded in creative and new ways, and it found out the way for nature, space, and humans to coexist and a possibility of ecological esthetics. It addition, it will provide a key base as an alternative of sustainable design of the future.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.224-237
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• 2012

Based on the Olympic Park in Seoul and Beijing, respectively, a analys is of the two successful examples of the designers in a traditional way to design a unique culture of a traditional folk culture. Rooted in traditional culture to create their own characteristics, and by studying abroad, a good way to design a unique work not to pursue the international trend has been displayed now. Based on the above two parks of the application of the traditional culture of analysis and studying the literature, I summarized the traditional culture in modern landscape application methods as follows:Firstly, understand the traditional culture. Secondly, the method can be divided into four steps, namely, to preserve, to reproduce, to imitate, and to learn from. 1. A reservation is divided into functional retention and conversion of the prototype. 2. Reproduction is also divided into two types, first is the site of reproduction and the reproduction of literature or legend. 3. Simulation includes three types, the original use, changed use and re-creation. Imitation. 4. Reference. In a garden design, the other art forms or cultural phenomena reference are always allowed and encouraged.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.1-9
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine the definition of traditional landscape and the appropriate English notation. To confirm the appropriate concept, the charter's relevant terminology was synthesised and the meaning of the vocabulary used in international studies was examined. ICOMOS The Charter on Historic Gardens(The Florebce Charter, 1981), ICOMOS-IFLA Document on Historic Urban Parks(New Delhi, 2017), and UNESCO Recommendation on The Historic Urban Landscape(Paris, 2011) were analysed to examine the concept, and the words describing definitions, space, objects, value, and activity were arranged. Big data was used to analyse the research literature related to overseas traditional landscapes. This study examined the characteristics of each word and examined the appropriate name for expressing the historic and cultural characteristics of landscape in research literature, which included traditional, historic, cultural, classical, vernacular, landscape-related gardens, parks, and landscape words related to historic culture. Consequently, the International Charter declared the suitability of 'historic' gardens and parks, as well as traditional landscape for expressing unique designs, composition technique, and ecological meaning of Korea, while historic landscape was deemed suitable for explaining gardens and parks in landscape history.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2015.05a
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• pp.115-116
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• 2015

원림은 조영가의 사상과 가치관이 반영되어 조영방식, 구성 등이 표출된다. 본 연구는 백거이의 창작작품을 통해 백거이의 원림의 특징을 파악하고 그의 원림이 중국원림에 끼친 영향을 분석하였다. 연구결과 백거이는 자신의 유교적체득과 심미의식을 반영하여 원림의 의미를 변화시켰고 후대 문인원림 형성에 영향을 주었다. 또한 태호석의 독특한 미를 발견하고 원림에 도입하였으며 원림 내 경관을 풍부하기 위해 산체와 수체를 융합하고 돌을 이용해 가산을 쌓는 등 원림을 치밀하게 조성하였다.