• Journal of Cadastre & Land InformatiX
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.213-226
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• 2014

The objective of this paper is to investigate the factors determining the premium of coffee shops by using coffee-shop lease cases at main retail trade areas in Seoul. The focus is on analyzing that the coffee-shops' the sales, building, location and retail trade area characteristics affects the coffee shop's premium. The major findings are as follows. First, there is a high positive correlation between the premium and the sales, and the sales and the size of the shop are shown to be statistically significant variables in estimating the premium per $3.3m^2$. It means that the shop's sale is empirically important an independent variable in determining the premium and as the major costs in the process of starting the business. Second, the deposit money per $3.3m^2$ and public service officers in the retail areas are important in determining the premium. Third, the size of the shop have the effects on the premium per $3.3m^2$ negatively. In short, this study adopts the research hypothesis that retail trade area, location, building of the characteristics, which is located in the coffee shops have the effects on the premium.

• Advances in Computational Design
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.385-404
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• 2018

The study investigated an area of sustainable structural design that is often overlooked in practical engineering applications. Specifically, a novel method to simultaneously optimise the cost and embodied carbon performance of steel building structures was explored in this paper. To achieve this, a parametric design model was developed to analyse code compliant structural configurations based on project specific constraints and rigorous testing of various steel beam sections, floor construction typologies (precast or composite) and column layouts that could not be performed manually by engineering practitioners. Detailed objective functions were embedded in the model to compute the cost and life cycle carbon emissions of the different material types used in the structure. Results from a comparative numerical analysis of a real case study illustrated that the proposed optimisation approach could guide structural engineers towards areas of the solution space with realistic design configurations, enabling them to effectively evaluate trade-offs between cost and carbon performance. This significant contribution implied that the optimisation model could reduce the time required for the design and analysis of multiple structural configurations especially during the early stages of a project. Overall, the paper suggested that the deployment of automated design procedures can enhance the quality as well as the efficiency of the optimisation analysis.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.78
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• pp.119-143
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• 2018

This research aims to review every important academic research on risk management in FTA and to suggest a future area for further research. This research area seems to focus on conceptual study or fact finding rather than on theory development or empirical research on causal relationship or theory testing. The National Assembly Digital Library analyzed the results of 3,576 researches on thesis and journals fromthe results of the FTA. Research on FTA is analyzed in four major themes. First, there have been previous studies on business performance such as FTA export performance and economic effect. Second, analyzed the effects of FTA in product and service. The products are classified into agricultural, marine products, manufacturing, textiles and clothing, medicinal pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and others. Services are classified into educational and cultural contents, service industry and financial industry. Third, research on the risk management of FTA Origin is broadly classified into the use of country of origin and the verification of origin, and the use of origin includes the study of rules of origin and systems of origin and management. Origin verification was divided into origin verification and origin risk management. Fourth, study on the conclusion area of the FTA, studies were conducted on areas such as Korea-US FTA, Korea-China FTA, Korea-EU FTA, Korea-Japan FTA, Korea-Chile FTA, and Korea-ASEAN FTA. Search results through the FTA, focused on analyzing the FTA area and concept research by research purpose. In addition, research methods are mainly focused on documentary survey, and research areas are concentrated on specific countries such as China and USA. This implies a necessity for a future development in that research area. Other areas for future research may include case research on actual failures in FTA, proactive risk management strategy, and integrated risk management for export companies. Risk management in FTA may help investment expansion, and that is why research on the issue matters.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.77-92
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• 2019

As China's economic growth pole has shifted from the coastal area to the Midwest and the inland since the beginning of 2000, construction of China's inland ports was promoted in the coastal area. The inland port functions as offshore port, thereby streamlining import and export logistics and customs clearance and so on. The purpose of this study is to identify the competitiveness and potential of China's inland ports via functional and geographical classification, as well as SWOT-PEST analysis. According to the results of the study, inland ports can be functionally categorized as sea port-based, industrial-based, distribution-based and customs clearance-based. The majority of the sea port-based inland ports are located in the eastern part of China while industry-based and distribution-based inland ports are situated in the Midwest. On contrast, the inland ports in Northwest mainly perform the function of customs clearance to promote international trade with neighbouring countries. The inland ports in the eastern region have high competitiveness owing to a large volume of international trade in the region, whereas those in the Midwest have high potential. The 'One Belt to One Road' initiative proposed by the Xi's Government is expected to play a significant role in promoting the development of inland ports in the Midwest and border areas.

• The Journal of Korea Robotics Society
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.79-85
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• 2018

This study focuses on autonomous exploration based on map expansion for an underwater robot equipped with acoustic sonars. Map expansion is applicable to large-area mapping, but it may affect localization accuracy. Thus, as the key contribution of this paper, we propose a method for underwater autonomous exploration wherein the robot determines the trade-off between map expansion ratio and position accuracy, selects which of the two has higher priority, and then moves to a mission step. An occupancy grid map is synthesized by utilizing the measurements of an acoustic range sonar that determines the probability of occupancy. This information is then used to determine a path to the frontier, which becomes the new search point. During area searching and map building, the robot revisits artificial landmarks to improve its position accuracy as based on imaging sonar-based recognition and EKF-SLAM if the position accuracy is above the predetermined threshold. Additionally, real-time experiments were conducted by using an underwater robot, yShark, to validate the proposed method, and the analysis of the results is discussed herein.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.123-143
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• 2018

Many studies on the acceptance of multi-national products have made academic contributions by offering various implications. However, there have been relatively few studies on the attitudes and behaviors of multi-national products depending on the purchasing tendency of consumers. The purpose of this study is to investigate how acceptance process of multi-national product, which is high involvement, appears by sorting consumers' purchasing tendency into rational consumption tendency, brand pursuit tendency, and consciousness of other people. Also, in order to supplement the measurement method of existing research, this study sought to analyze the acceptance behavior of consumers more precisely by classifying the situation before and after exposures of multi-national origin information on products. For this, 266 consumers were surveyed and statistical analysis was conducted through structural equation modeling. As a result of the research model, it was found that consciousness of other people has a significant effect on susceptibility and antipathy of multi-national product. In addition, antipathy against multi-national products has more powerful effect than susceptibility.

• Journal of Arbitration Studies
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.73-90
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• 2017

After the conclusion of the $18^{th}$ CPCNationalCongress, the Shanghai Free Trade Zone was established, and the One Belt One Road Initiative was brought up. These measures accelerate the development of international commercial activities as related disputes grow in variety and quantity. To better settle international commercial disputes and increase the influence of China in this area, this article reviews and analyzes the development of international commercial arbitration in China. In the conclusion part, it gives suggestions for international commercial arbitration in China in order to improve and accelerate the further development of international commercial arbitration in China.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.393-396
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• 2005

Due to the fast growing rate of the global container trade, every major port is under the pressure of meeting the projected capacity demand. As a result, alternative solutions have been sought for improving capacity and meeting the growing demand for container storage area and terminal capacity. Moreover, material handling process re-engineering is now a critical issue for logistics and supply chain managers of airline, shipping lines, terminal and warehousing enterprises around the world. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to develop the 3D simulator for executing performance valuation of port transportation systems. The developed 3D simulator system is to measure the effectiveness of the proposed total system and compare it with existing practices. The performance analysis variables are also defined for these comparisons

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.3-18
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to investigate the determinants of critical success and to analyze the main factors which are affecting the successful implementation of Internet shopping mall. The major findings of empirical analysis are as follows : 1) The degree of searching easuness in the internet shopping mall is statistical significance. 2) The degree of customer response is the important success factor. 3) The speed of connection exert a beneficial influence upon the performance of shopping mall. 4) The standard of security system is be in direct proportion to the performance of shopping mall The result of this study will be useful for the chief executive officers to make more rational decision making for e-Business strategies is related to the Internet shopping mall. The paper also strives to provoke debate in this area with to encouraging further research on the topic.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.20
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• pp.181-212
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• 2003

Many seafood processing and export companies are scattered in Pusan area. Most of them has experienced hardships, because of physical distribution and sanitary costs, rent costs and Non-tariff barriers. GamCheon One-Stop Seafood Export Complex (GOSEC) is considered as the project which is necessary to establish GamCheon port as the seafood trade hub of Northeast Asia. GOSEC is to build the processing and export complex for seafood export. It applies to small and medium seafood export company. This paper aims to examine the economic benefit which could be derived from the construction of GOSEC. It reviews the quantifiable benefits of companies which wants to move into GOSEC. It also shows the results of questionnaire carried out to find the characteristics of potential GOSEC tenants.