• 대순사상논총
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• 제24_2집
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• pp.231-270
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• 2015

This thesis examined Chu Hsi's self-cultivation theory as the representative theory of cultivation in Confucianism, while juxtaposing it to self-cultivation theory in Daesoon thought, concentrating on its similarity and difference. Neo-Confucianism is a scholarship which has wielded a tremendous influence upon East Asia, while functioning as an official scholarship for long period up to Yuan, Ming, and Ching period, after achieving its synthesis by Chu Hsi. After 13th century, Neo-Confucianism has been a representative academic system in Confucianism, and self-cultivation theory was in its center. It suggested various virtues that classical scholars have to equip to fulfill the sainthood and the politics of royal road. The self-cultivation theory of Chu Hsi was developed upon the basis of the theory 'Li-Qi' and the theory of mind. Here, the practice of Geokyung(morally awakened state with a reverent spirit in every moment) and Gyeokmul-tsiji(reaching into the utmost knowledge through investigation of things) formed a nucleus of Chu Hsi's self-cultivation theory. While Geokyung was to reveal one's true nature through cultivation of mind, Gyeokmul-tsiji was to demonstrate the complete use of mind's essence and function. Chu Hsi's self-cultivation theory attempted to realize the unity of heaven and man, and through cultivating self and governing people, it also tried to achieve its ideal of the society of Great Union(Daedong). Daesoon Thought is originated from Sangjenim who has descended to this world as a human being called Jeungsan. He went on his circuit to rectify the disorder of heaven and earth for 9 years to rectify the Three worlds of heaven, earth and human being which were faced with total annihilation due to its rule of mutual conflict, while creating an earthly paradise. Respecting the will of Sangjenim, Dojunim established the foundation of Do through launching 'Meukeukdo' and setting tenet, creed and object so that the cultivators (Doins) could believe and respect the truth of Sangje's great itineration (Daesoon). Among those, the two components of creed, which are four fundamental principles and the three fundamental attitudes are of great account as precept and cardinal point. Through this means, the cultivators of Daesoonjinrihoe aspire to guard against self-deception through transforming the human spirit, to realize earthly immortality through renewing human beings, and to create an earthly paradise through transforming the world. This thesis attempted to compare and analyze the theory of self-cultivation in Neo-Confucianism and Daesoon Thought in the aspect of ground, method, and object of cultivation. First, as for the ground of cultivation, the doctrines of Chu-tzu and Daesoon thought place the essence of cultivation on 'heaven'. Yet, whereas the former postulates Taekeuk (the Great Ultimate) as a principle as well as the heaven of a natural order, Daesoon thought postulates Sangenim as the heaven of superintendence as well as the heaven of a natural order, signified as its equation of Daesoon with circle, along with the unity of Meukeuk (Endlessness) and Taegeuk (the Great Ultimate). Further, the doctrine of Chu-zhu and Daesoon thought is identical in the point that both thoughts see mind as the subject of cultivation, while trying to restore a pure essence. Nevertheless, whereas Neo-Confucianism intends to give scope to ability of the complete use of mind's essence and function, Daesoon Thought sees mind as the essence which is used by spiritual beings and as an organ that heaven, earth and human being rely upon as the center of the universe. In the aspect of method of cultivation, the doctrine of Chuzhu lays emphasis on the rational factor in that it brightens its 'myung-deoki'(bright inner virtue),' while trying to correspond to the law of heaven on the basis of 'Geokyung' and 'Gyeokmul-tsiji.' On the contrary, Daesoon thought lays much emphasis on faith factor in that it aspires for human perfection based on the restoration of conscience by cultivating Daesoonjinri with sincerity, reverence and faith along with 'quieting the heart-mind', 'quieting the body', 'respecting the God of the Ninth Heaven', and 'observing ritual practice on the basis of the faith in Sangjenim. Yet, both thoughts have similarities in that cultivation of body forms the basis and that they attempt to realize their ideals through cultivation in daily life while taking 'Guarding against self-deception' as the key method of self-cultivation.' However, the principle of Chu-zhu can be said to be a voluntary and autonomous practice based on scripture of the saint as well as self-reflection. On the other hand, Daesoon thought reveals certain difference in that it combines faith factor with one's self-effort by concentrating on cultivation under the presence of Sangjenim as the object of belief and the spirits of heaven and earth. In the aspect of object of cultivation, both thoughts share similarities in that the saint and the perfected gentleman with a moral virtue as an ideal image of men in both thoughts attempt to realize each of their 'myung-deok' in human nature as a heavenly mandate while respecting morality. Further, they also share similarity in the point that the desirable characters in both thoughts want to participate in harmonious creation and nurturance. Yet, the perfected gentleman with a moral virtue is also characterized by its aim for a new heaven and earth where there is no mutual conflict but mutual beneficence, by promoting the moral influence and virtue of Sangjenim over one's own virtue, while practising the mutual beneficence of all life through harmonious union of divine beings and human beings.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제27권10호
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• pp.1676-1685
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• 2003

Tensile and low cycle fatigue tests on prior cold worked 3l6L stainless steel were carried out at various temperatures ftom room temperature to 650$^{\circ}C$. Fatigue resistance was decreased with increasing temperature and decreasing strain rate. Cyclic plastic deformation, creep, oxidation and interactions with each other are thought to be responsible for the reduction in fatigue resistance. Currently favored life prediction models were examined and it was found that it is important to select a proper life prediction parameter since stress-strain relation strongly depends on temperature. A phenomenological life prediction model was proposed to account for the influence of temperature on fatigue life and assessed by comparing with experimental result. LCF failure mechanism was investigated by observing fracture surfaces of LCF failed specimens with SEM.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.61-66
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• 2010

Organic light emitting diode(OLED) has been developed fast from 1963 when electric light emitting phenomenon was discovered. PMOLED(passive matrix OLED) is producted earlier than AMOLED(active matrix OLED). PMOLED is mainly mounted at sub display, but AMOLED is mounted at main display. Nowadays AMOLED is expanded to PMP(portable multimedia players), navigation and TV market. Even thought OLED's market is opening to many applications, OLED's life is worried until now. If we know about OLED's real life, we need time to test so much time over 20,000hrs. Realistically, there is difficult to test such as long time with products from the information-technology sector having a short life cycle. In this paper, we study about OLED's accelerated test to reduce life test by current. We can design OLED's accelerated life model by the result of test. The model consists of design variables like ratio of light emitting, organic material structure, condition of aging, etc. In conclusion, this model can be applied to study about organic material, machine and manufacturing process etc, and also it's possible to develop a method of manufacturing process & materials, so we need to study on the subject of this paper continuously.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.263-272
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• 2023

We investigated and analyzed students' perceptions of their choice of science subjects in the high school credit system and the reasons for their choice. To achieve this, the selection of science subjects was investigated for the second year of S high school over the past three years. Students selected an average of 1.54 science subjects, and it was found that the rate of selection of science subjects was gradually increasing by year. Students chose high in the order of life science I, earth science I, chemistry I, physics I, etc. in the science subject group. Students who wish to enter the natural and engineering fields chose life science I, chemistry I, physics I, etc., while, students who wish to enter the humanities society chose society and culture, life science I, ethics and thought, etc. On the other hand, the reason for choosing science subjects was 'related to college admission', followed by 'aptitude and interest', 'career and real life help', etc. physics I, chemistry I, etc., were high in the subjects selected according to the 'related to college admission'. The subjects selected according to 'aptitude and interest' were high in life science I, earth science I, etc. Physics I, chemistry I, etc. are recognized as subjects necessary for college entrance, and life science I, earth science I, etc., are found to be related to their interests and aptitudes.

• 한국학교수학회논문집
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.47-57
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• 1998

This thesis is a research to develop mathematical problems related to every day life, and to apply to mathematical extracurricular activity. The conclusions are as followings; (1) The materials of mathematical extracurricular activity totaling 34 hours' class time were developed and its theaching methods were thought out. (2) Through studying the mathematical problems related to everyday life, we could create a lively atmosphere in the classroom. (3) Through studying the mathematical problems related to everyday life, we could change the learning attitude of students affirmatively and make the students solve the problems for themselves. (4) We could try to build up to the management of mathematical extracurricular activity.

• 정신신체의학
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.98-108
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• 1996

Korean women are now living almost 1/3 of their life after menopause. Sex-steroid hormone deficiency adversely affect various fields of physical & mental activity and quality of life during this period. Therefore, replacement of deficient hormone is thought to be natural therapeutic modality. Postmenopausal syndrome is recently redefined as an endocrinopathy with both short-and long-term sequelae, as a result of cessation of ovarian function. Hormone replacement therapy taken at or near time of menopause alleviates shot-term acute menopausal symptoms such as vasomotor disturbances and psychological problems. HRT also beneficially affects some of intermediate symptoms such as urogenital atrophy and cutaneous problems. The major benefits of long-term use were reductions in risk of long-term sequelae, that is, total fracture by 50-60%, cardiovascular disease by 50% and cerebrovascular disease by 30-40%, respectively. In addition, HRT may also positively influence Alzheimer's disease, reduce the colorectal cancer risk and increase longevity of the life. In conclusion, all postmenopausal women should consider preventive HRT when there are no contraindications.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제49권8호
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• pp.97-111
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• 2011

This study aimed to present marketing communication strategy for lifestyle groups. Consumers' preference on advertisement media/information source, advertisement appeal types, and on-line media use were examined by lifestyle groups. This study was executed by web survey and off-line survey. A total of 141 data was obtained and data were analyzed by PASW 18.0. Results were as follows: First, 4 types of lifestyle groups were made up by holistic approach; 'price oriented', 'traditional symbolic', 'positive life', and 'open mind enjoyment'. 'Positive life type' preferred every type of ads media. 'Traditional symbolic type' liked magazine and 'price oriented type' and 'open mind enjoyment type' thought off-line store display more important. For ads appeal types, 'positive life type' preferred social oriented appeal type. Every group except 'price oriented type' preferred emotional appeal type and especially 'open mind enjoyment type' liked the most emotional ads appeal type.

• 한국가구학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.130-137
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• 2015

In this study I made an analysis on the background of creating of Minimal Art and thought of its artists during 1950~1960 and their works. Starting from the early Modernism that tried to depict the life of farmers and laborers in the chaos of war and viewing the art as the tools describing the life itself, minimal art took its root as furniture in ordinary life passing through the era of Surrealism and Dadaism. In 20th century, furniture designers were trying to seek new trend of modern furniture in the perspective of balance and immaculateness while excluding emotion and overall feeling through minimalism. These efforts result in the introduction of immaculateness and refinement in furniture design. Hence, this study is to represent a new trend of furniture design utilizing the margin of furniture in complex lives through formative characteristics that minimal art beholds.

• 한국의사학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.183-198
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• 2002

Jang Gyung Ak thought the Yang Gi was the basis of life. This is why he said doctors should emphasize on preserving Yang Gi. Before his emphasis on Yang Gi he had to study and criticize the medical concept of HaGan, DanGye and DongWon. By criticizing and overcoming their medical concept's fallacy and limitations, he made his own medicine. JangGyungAk found the importance of YangGi in the theory of changes. In the "the Book of Changes" it is said the rising movement of YangGi is expressed by recipricals and propels heaven and earth, yin and yang to change. The phenomenon of life is also a reciprocal and is lead by YangGi, and so medicine should value Yang Gi. Because the phenomenon of life is lead by this Yang Gi, it is right to base changes of diseases and organize pattern identification. The pattern identification JangGyungAk presented as two Gang six Byun sets its base on YangGi.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제29권7호
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• pp.577-581
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• 2006

Oxidative mechanisms are thought to have a major role in cataract formation and diabetic complications. Antioxidant enzymes play an essential role in the antioxidant system of the cells that work to maintain low steady-state concentrations of the reactive oxygen species. When HLE-B3 cells, a human lens cell line were exposed to 50-100 mM glucose for 3 days, decrease of viability, inactivation of antioxidant enzymes, and modulation of cellular redox status were observed. Significant increase of cellular oxidative damage reflected by lipid peroxidation and DNA damage were also found. The glycation-mediated inactivation of antioxidant enzymes may result in the perturbation of cellular antioxidant defense mechanisms and subsequently lead to a pro-oxidant condition and may contribute to various pathologies associated with the long term complications of diabetes.