• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.56 no.3
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• pp.125-129
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• 2013

Purpose: The use of implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) to prevent sudden cardiac death is increasing in children and adolescents. This study investigated the use of ICDs in children with congenital heart disease. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted on the clinical characteristics and effectiveness of ICD implantation at the department of pediatrics of a single tertiary center between 2007 and 2011. Results: Fifteen patients underwent ICD implantation. Their mean age at the time of implantation was $14.5{\pm}5.4$ years (range, 2 to 22 years). The follow-up duration was $28.9{\pm}20.4$ months. The cause of ICD implantation was cardiac arrest in 7, sustained ventricular tachycardia in 6, and syncope in 2 patients. The underlying disorders were as follows: ionic channelopathy in 6 patients (long QT type 3 in 4, catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia [CPVT] in 1, and J wave syndrome in 1), cardiomyopathy in 5 patients, and postoperative congenital heart disease in 4 patients. ICD coils were implanted in the pericardial space in 2 children (ages 2 and 6 years). Five patients received appropriate ICD shock therapy, and 2 patients received inappropriate shocks due to supraventricular tachycardia. During follow-up, 2 patients required lead dysfunction-related revision. One patient with CPVT suffered from an ICD storm that was resolved using sympathetic denervation surgery. Conclusion: The overall ICD outcome was acceptable in most pediatric patients. Early diagnosis and timely ICD implantation are recommended for preventing sudden death in high-risk children and patients with congenital heart disease.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.117-153
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• 2013

Objective : Two famous medical doctors, Yoo Itae(以泰, 爾泰) and Riu Euitae(義泰), have been well known in academic world and public in Sancheong-gun. Yoo Itae is the progenitor of Majinhak which is the therapy for measles, he wrote a "Majinpyun" as the first book of therapy for measles in Chosun. Riu Euitae, meanwhile, is a fictional medical doctor and a teacher of Heo Jun who became real without confirmation of historical truths by Roh Jeongwoo who heard about a name, Yoo Itae. Roh's assertion was quoted in the report of literatures, papers, novel, and telecast without verification. His assertion is exposed in novel and media and it has seriously distorted the history. The purpose of this study is to rectify the historical distortion. Methods : Various references study was performed. Confirmed a family tree, birth and death year, birthplace, sepulture, words on a tombstone, writing, collections of works anthology and the existence of keepsake. Investigated records of royal family, Sancheong-gun papers, Sancheong Hyanggyo papers, Dongyuhagan, Chosun Hanryuseungram and the record of Sawoo Munjip(anthology). Analyzed Roh Jungwoo's conversation that tells Riu Euitae is a teacher of Heo Jun and contents of an encyclopedia. Listened to testimony of descendants and assertions of historian in rural area. Verified voice recording on books taken from at birthplace and the space of activity. Results : Yoo Itae is well shown in various records and medical writing books, whereas Riu Euitae does not. Riu Euitae is not a real person in the history. Roh Jeongwoo who asserts Riu Euitae is a teacher of Heo Jun admits his mistake. But, the encyclopedia record describing Riu Euitae is a teacher of Heo Jun, government official at Sancheong district office, historians in rural area, historians in rural area who made a family shrine, gravestone, a statue, memorial, historic site of Riu Euitae on Jinju Rui could not suggest any evidences for the existence of Riu Euitae and for record Riu Euitae is a teacher of Heo Jun. Conclusion : Riu Euitae is neither a real person in the history nor a teacher of Heo Jun. Riu Euitae came from pronunciation confusion between 'I' and 'Eui' in Kyungsang province. Riu Euitae is Yoo Itae on Geochang Yoo who was a medical doctor of King, Sukjeong and wrote medical books including , , .

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.58-62
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• 1994

Superior vena cava(SVC) syndrome is mostly related to a malignant process, but many different benign causes have also been described. We report a case of SVC syndrome caused by Klebsiella pneumonia diagnosed by sputum culture and serial chest X-ray changes. A 27-year-old man had been in stable health until three days before admission, when he complained of pleuritic chest pain, facial flushing, and shortness of breath. Examination of the head and neck disclosed edema of face and both arms, and jugular venous distention to the angle of the jaw. The chest auscultation revealed decreased breath sound without crack1e on right upper lung field. The chest roentgenogram showed homogenous air space consolidation on right upper lobe, asociated with downward displacement of minor fissure and contralateral displacement of trachea, but air bronchogram was not seen. We began antibiotic therapy under impression of pneumonia after available culture was taken from blood and sputum. SVC scintigraphy showed stasis of drain of right brachiocephalic vein at the proximal portion with reflux into the right internal jugular vein and faintly visible SVC via the collaterals. Sputum culture revealed Klebsiella pneumoniae. Antibiotic therapy resulted in a cure of infection and disappearance of facial swelling. Follow-up SVC scintigraphy after 20 days showed normal finding. We first report a case of SVC syndrome caused by klebsiella pneunonia.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.20-31
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to provide planning criteria for the thalassotherapy facility. Among the various contents of the planning criteria, the crucial parts of the thalassotherapy facility planning are the location, facility environment, and room space. To do this, we first examined the characteristics of the thalassotherapy facility and inquired about the thalassotherapy resources and treatments that are the basis of the thalassotherapy facility planning. And then, the overseas qualification criteria related to thalassotherapy facility were analyzed. Based on the above research results, the criteria for the thalassotherapy facility planning on location, facility environment, and spaces of rooms are presented. The location is within 1km of the coastline, where there is no pollutant emission facility, and the climate conditions are maintained more than 80% throughout the year below 'caution' level of the thermal sensation index and sensory temperature. The water quality of the facility environment meets the stricter criteria among the domestic standards or ISO 17680 standards, and the air quality is 60% of the atmospheric environment standard of the 「Framework Act on Environmental Policy」 and SO₂, NO₂, O₃ and PM10 concentration shall ensure that the annual number of exceeding standards meets the EU standard, and noise is less than 50dB per daytime, 40dB per night. Therapy spaces have to meet the standards of the 「Building Act」, the working standards of architectural planning and international standards according to their function and use.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.34-42
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• 2009

This study was executed to introduce a greenhouse style "Evergreen Park" to apartment complexes to target hands-on resident participation and application rather than a mere viewing of the plants as a way to provide convenient and profitable service to residents in a year-round center of usable outside space. The four key points can be summarized as follows: first, subtropical plants are evergreen broad-leaved trees, which maintain their green during all four seasons the leaves are thick and glossy. Greenhouses geared toward these subtropical trees-mainly broad-leaved evergreen species-are in planning to introduce these unique, elegant plants to temperate regions. Residentswill not only gain an education regarding these species but will be provided with the best quality evergreens at very reasonable maintenance costs. Second, subtropical plants greenhouses introduced in apartment complexes are suggested for structures connected via underground passage as well as free-standing structures so as to make use of geothermal heating and apply to reducing sunlighting. Third, as a way to provide (1) health & relaxation(evergreens, herb garden, water space), (2) community & education (plant flea market/plant hospital, plant-related lecture(exhibition), hands-on experience program), (3) a vine garden for year-round use such festivities as a Butterfly Festival, Aroma festival, Smile Oak Nuts, Candlelight Festival and Christmas Photo Site. Lastly, it has been suggested that the operation and maintenance of these greenhouses will be both by resident council operation management and by outsourcing company operation management.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.631-637
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• 2015

Streptavidin, a protein produced by Streptomyces avidinii, strongly binds up to four molecules of vitamin H, d-biotin exhibiting the dissociation constant of about 10⁻¹⁵ M. This strong binding affinity has been applied for detection and characterization of numerous biological molecules suggesting expression and purification of functional streptavidin should be very useful for the application of this streptavidin-biotin interaction. To express a soluble streptavidin in Escherichia coli, We synthesized streptavidin genes and cloned into pET-22b plasmid, which uses T7 RNA polymerase/T7 promoter expression systems containing pelB leader for secretion into periplasmic space and six polyhistidine tags at C-terminus for purification of expressed proteins. Although streptavidin is toxic to Escherichia coli due to strong biotin binding property, streptavidin was expressed very sufficiently in a range of 10-20 mg/ml. In SDS-PAGE, the size of purified protein was shown as 17 kDa in denatured condition (boiling) and 68 kDa in native condition (without boiling) suggesting tetramerization of monomeric subunit by non-covalent association. Further analysis by size-exclusion chromatography supported streptavidin’s tetrameric structure as well. In addition, soluble streptavidin detected biotinylated proteins in westernblot indicating its functional activity to biotin. Taken these results together, it concluded that our simple expression system was able to show high yield, homotetrameric formation and biotin binding activity analogous to natural streptavidin.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.20 no.3 s.32
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• pp.447-462
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• 1990

The objective of this experiment is to observe structural differences in the othodontic movement of vital (control group) and devitalized (experimental group) teeth in the mongrel dogs. The 5 utilized dogs in this experiment were approximately 1 year of age and their average weight was about 12 Kg. Endodontic therapy was performed on the 2nd premolars in upper & lower jaws of each animal under the general anesthesia by intravascular injection of 25mg/kg of pentobarbital sodium. The canals of the teeth were obturated by using gutta percha in conjunction with root canal sealer (AH26 Densply). One of the roots in the 2nd premolars was hemisected to make an extraction space for the devitalized teeth to be moved. The edgewise technique was employed for the movement of the teeth. Orthodontic models and intraoral roentgenograms were taken before and after orthodontic tooth movement. The open coil springs (.010 x .040) were used at interbraket space in order to provide equal forces (75gm) between the teeth in each arch wire. After 13 weeks of active orthodontic tooth movement, dogs were sacrified and the experimental results w ere examined through the intraoral radiography, microscopic examination and scanning electromicroscopic examination at the root sulfate. From the results of the study, the following conclusions may be drawn: The root resolution and cemental deposition were observed within the pressure and tension site in both group. 2. The root resorbed lacunae were observed in the cementum and/or into the dentin in both group. 3. The prominent osteoblastic activities were observed on the alveolar margin in the tension site in both group. 4. A few of blood vessels were observed in the pressure site, but also lots of blood vessels were observed in the tension site especially in the periphery of the alveolar bone in both group. 5. In the pressure site, resorbed lacunae were formed with deep and narrow cavity in the control group; the shallow and wide cavity in the experimental group. 6. In the pressure site, the repaired cementum or cementoid tissue was lined on cementum in the experimental group, but not in the control group. 7. There was no significant difference between external root resolution of endodontically and vital teeth when both were subjected to orthodontic forces.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.11
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• pp.634-642
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• 2018

People with spinocerebellar ataxia, a hereditary and progressive neurogenic disorder, suffer from ataxic dysarthria due to cerebellar dystrophy. This study was designed to examine if intensive motor speech treatment yields improvement in progressive ataxic dysarthria and if then, to investigate magnitude of therapeutic effect. SPEAK $OUT!^{(R)}$ was provided to a 55-year old female diagnosed with SCA for improving motor speech functions. Magnitude of therapeutic effect was large in changes of MPT and vocal intensity across speech tasks. Small effect size was found in changes of fundamental frequency, however, large therapeutic effect was observed in changes of frequency range. In addition, improvement of vocal quality based on jitter, shimmer, and HNR was observed with large therapeutic effect size and vowel space was expanded, particularly, due to F1. Lastly, VHI scores were decreased. Intensive motor speech treatment, called as SPEAK $OUT!^{(R)}$ was effective enough to observe improvement in vocal intensity, frequency range, and vocal quality, expanding vowel space and lowering VHI scores. Based on the results of this case study, further efficacy evaluation of SPEAK $OUT!^{(R)}$ for improving progressive ataxic dysarthria in people with SCA is required.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.404-415
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to propose considerations to help actual application based on the characteristics of the online art-based peer supervision execution process. Colleagues in the clinical art therapy doctoral program, including the researcher, attempted to repeatedly identify problems and apply improvements in the implementation process as research participants, and qualitatively analyzed the various data collected in the process. Looking at the characteristics of the analysis results, extensibility of materials and space was confirmed in terms of 'art-based' and initiative, convenience, and speed in terms of 'online'. The considerations identified through this are as follows. First, 'pre-structuring' should be based on clear boundaries and setting, prior consultation of the group, and self-directed preparation and attitude. Second, for the 'structural aspect of art', space and media to help immersion through creation, and stable implementation structure should be established. Third, in the 'technical aspect', it is necessary to apply a method that can deliver a work of art and a method that can communicate the creator's clear intention. Lastly, for the 'ethical aspect', it is necessary to use online software in accordance with the minimum security standards and to make efforts to repeatedly maintain confidentiality. This study is meaningful in that it suggested a practical method for maintaining the professional competence of art therapists and expanding networks among art therapists in various situations including pandemics.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.87 no.3
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• pp.378-385
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• 2024

Background: Intrapleural fibrinolytic therapy (IPFT) has been used as an effective agent since 1949 for managing complicated pleural effusion and empyema. Several agents, such as streptokinase, urokinase (UK), and recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA), have been found to be effective with variable effectiveness. However, a head-tohead controlled trial comparing the efficacy of the most frequently used agents, i.e., UK and rt-PA (alteplase) for managing complicated pleural effusion has rarely been reported. Methods: A total of 50 patients were randomized in two intervention groups, i.e., UK and rt-PA. The dose of rt-PA was 10 mg, and that of UK was 1.0 lac units. UK was given thrice daily for 2 days, followed by clamping to allow the retainment of drugs in the pleural space for 2 hours. rt-PA was instilled into the pleural space twice daily for 2 days, and intercostal drainage was clamped for 1 hour. Results: A total of 50 patients were enrolled into the study, of which 84% (n=42) were males and 16% (n=8) were females. Among them, 30 (60%) patients received UK, and 20 (40%) patients received alteplase as IPFT agents. The percentage of mean±standard deviation changes in pleural opacity was -33.0%±9.9% in the UK group and -41.0%±14.9% in the alteplase group, respectively (p=0.014). Pain was the most common adverse side effect, occurring in 60% (n=18) of the patients in the UK group and in 40% (n=8) of the patients in the alteplase group (p=0.24), while fever was the second most common side effect. Patients who reported early (within 6 weeks of onset of symptoms) showed a greater response than those who reported late for the intervention. Conclusion: IPFT is a safe and effective option for managing complicated pleural effusion or empyema, and newer agents, such as alteplase, have greater efficacy and a similar adverse effect profile when compared with conventional agents, such as UK.