• KIEAE Journal
• /
• v.11 no.6
• /
• pp.71-79
• /
• 2011

There are high recognitions on the importance of comforts in Elderly living environment, but the circumstance is that studies on seniors facility space itself are approached only in planning level, and studies on lighting environment which is significantly associated with the comfort in the indoor environment of seniors where they actually spend the majority of their time are not that active. This study was intended to deduce cozy bedroom environment to which existing elderly care facility can be improved by using light shelf the lighting system with the advantage of being able to serve both as building sun visor and lighting window simultaneously in order to analyze the interior environment of bedroom space of elderly care facility the indoor space where the aged spend the majority of their life and examine the directions for the improvement of existing building lighting system through remodeling and renovation. In this study, lighting performance analysis was done in a way that the windows of the bedroom unit in existing facility were set in southbound direction based on two standard types and were put under initial simulation with the use of Autodesk Revit 2011, and after the simulation results were converted to Green Building Studio gbXML file to be used in ECOTECT, Daylight Autonomy a dynamic simulation and static natural lighting simulation the existing method of calculating daylight factors were deduced through Ecotect Analysis 2011. In conclusion, exiting standard model was found in such a condition that the daylight factors for both type A and type B were above 5% the proper standard value, and required improvement. In case light shelf the natural lighting system was attached, the daylight factor was improved to proper standard value for type A, and also was improved above existing facility for type B.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
• /
• v.29 no.2
• /
• pp.39-48
• /
• 2023

Purpose: In Korea, the increase rate of the number of mentally ill patients increases, and the hospitalization period for severely mentally ill patients to stay in acute wards is long and the re-hospitalization rate is high. In order to improve the dignity of patients with acute mental illness and to plan a therapeutic environment for this, this study attempted to present a basic framework of spacial planning for establishing guidelines for psychiatric acute ward in general hospitals. Methods: By analyzing the acute psychiatric ward guidelines of the UK, Australia, and the US., this study analyzed the areas and required rooms of psychiatric acute ward in general hospitals, as well as the net floor area of each room, and the connection between the rooms. Results: As a result of the study, the basic framework for the ward areas and the required rooms, the net floor areas of the rooms, and the connection between the rooms were presented for the establishment of guidelines for the psychiatric acute ward in general hospitals. Implication: The results of the study will be used as a basic framework of space planning for establishing of guidelines for the psychiatric acute ward in general hospitals and will contribute to the establishment of detailed guidelines based on the space configuration through surveys and analysis of space use status, operation status, and expert interviews in Korea.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• v.18 no.10
• /
• pp.1648-1654
• /
• 2008

Superoxide dismutase (SOD) removes damaging reactive oxygen species from the cellular environment by catalyzing the dismutation of two superoxide radicals to hydrogen peroxide and oxygen. Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) is a tetramer and is present in the extracellular space and to a lesser extent in the extracellular fluids. Increasing therapeutic applications for recombinant human extracellular superoxide dismutase (rEC-SOD) has broadened interest in optimizing methods for its purification, with a native conformation of tetramer. We describe a solid phase refolding procedure that combines immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC) and gel filtration chromatography in the purification of rEC-SOD from Escherichia coli. The purified rEC-SOD tetramer from the $Ni^{2+}$-column chromatography is refolded in Tris buffer. This method yields greater than 90% of the tetramer form. Greater than 99% purity is achieved with further purification over a Superose 12PC 3.2/30 column to obtain the tetramer and specific activities as determined via DCFHDA assay. The improved yield of rEC-SOD in a simple chromatographic purification procedure promises to enhance the development and therapeutic application of this biologically potent molecule.

• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.34-39
• /
• 2007

Background: The mediastinum is the anatomic space which is restricted and the clinical aspect varies according to location, size and type of neoplasm. Diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to mediastinal neoplasms have changed over and over. We presented our recent therapeutic experiences with these neoplasms. The object and method: The 36 patients were treated in operation from 2000 until 2006. The male patients were 20 and the female patients were 16. Age of the patients ranged from 5 to 70, and the median age was $46.4{\pm}21.9$. The child patients were two. Result: The most prevalent anatomic distribution of the neoplasm was anterosuperior mediastinum. The most common neoplasm was thymoma, followed by thymic cyst, teratoma, ganglioneuroma. The complete excison of neoplasm was accomplished in 96% of patient group except thymoma patient group. One patient underwent total thymectomy, and the other 12 patients underwent extended thymectomy from 13 thymoma patient group. In the malignant neoplasm, 7 patients were received additional treatment after operation. There was short-term death of 1 person and late death of 1 person. Conclusion: Our results except clinical manifestation are compared favorably with other reports. Surgery is the management of choice for patients with mediastinal neoplasm and early curative resection is considered to optimize clinical outcome for patients.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
• /
• v.29 no.5
• /
• pp.1-17
• /
• 2011

This study aimed to analyze health promotion villages from the perspective of therapeutic architecture, and to provide basic information for planning relevant health facilities. On the basis of a review of previous literature, the characteristics of therapeutic architecture were classified into eight categories: safety, comfort, sociality, autonomy, openness, diversity, privacy, and natural environment. Field study and observation were performed in four health promotion villages that conduct programs for lifestyle improvement, physical fitness, and treatment; these villages were also considered to have a healthy residential environment. The researcher and three assistants visited the facilities and checked utilization of space through interviews with the staff and guided tours. Basic information about the subject facilities, such as the purpose of establishment, was gathered from websites before visits. Two of the villages examined in this study had a traditional Korean wooden structure, while the other two were reinforced concrete and masonry block structures. All the facilities emphasized the use of environmentally friendly material and harmony with nature. Each site was divided into the following areas: office, residence, health/treatment, public/rest, and outdoor. The safety standards of the healing architecture were not completely satisfactory at all facilities. In particular, it was found that they lacked adequate universal design equipment. However, the healing characteristics of autonomy and diversity were strong. With regard to autonomy, the facilities allowed visitors to select indoor-outdoor moving lines and the use of front- and backyards constructed on slopes. In addition, they were equipped with many entries, staircases, void, terraces, and crossroads. The architecture was aesthetically designed using feng shui symbolism, and visitors found the scenes depicted in various spaces in the villages to be stimulating. Besides, the facilities were constructed using natural materials, had a natural indoor environment, and provided a sense of spaciousness and flexibility.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
• /
• v.33 no.2
• /
• pp.85-91
• /
• 2016

Exosomes are homogenous vesicles of 40-100 nm diameter produced endogenously. Exosomes are generated by inward budding into multi-vesicular bodies (MVB) and then released to extracellular space. Exosomes contain various nucleic acid and protein cargoes from their cells of origin and this endosomal cellular molecules are used for intracellular communication and for both promotion and suppression of immune responses. Recently, they are also considered as delivery vehicle for therapeutic proteins due to their characteristics of stability in body fluids and ability for target uptake. Also, they show less immune reactivity because the isolated exosome harboring therapeutic proteins can be from the same host. White-spotted flower chafer, Protaetia brevitarsis is one of the major insect commercially reared in Korea. There are bacterial and fungal pathogens causing diseases in the beetle, and these diseases incur economic loss to the larva-rearing farms. Due to their endosomal cargoes, exosomes are good candidates in use of disease diagnosis. In this study, we isolated insect exosome from the hemolymph of P. brevitarsis, and verified it by analysis of the exosome-specific surface proteins and RNA.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
• /
• v.23 no.2
• /
• pp.93-98
• /
• 2012

Botulinum toxins are the most potent toxins known to mankind. Botulinum toxin acts by blocking the cholinergic neuromuscular or the cholinergic autonomic innervation of exocrine glands and smooth muscles. Seven distinct antigenic botulinum toxins (A, B, C, D, E, F and G) produced by different strains of Clostridium botulinum have been described and only A and B type of botulinum toxins were clinically used. Toxins were consisted of a heavy chain with a molecular weight of 100 kD and a light chain with a molecular weight of 50 kD. Toxins are bound with an astounding selectivity to glycoprotein structures located on the cholinergic nerve terminal. Subsequently light chain of toxin is internalized and cleaves different proteins of the acetylcholine transport protein cascade transporting the acetylcholine vesicle from the intracellular space into the synaptic cleft. After a decade of therapeutic application of the toxin, no anaphylaxis or deaths have been reported and systemic adverse effects have not been reported so far. However the toxin's immunologic properties can lead to the stimulation of antibody production, potentially rendering further treatments ineffective. Botulinum toxin is a safe and effective treatment. Use of botulinum toxin in clinical medicine has grown exponentially in recent years, and many parts of the human body are now being targeted for therapeutic purposes.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.30 no.12
• /
• pp.1667-1673
• /
• 2017

Antibiotics have long been of great benefit for people, both in the medical treatment of human disease and in animal food where they improve the growth performance and feed utilization during animal production. Antibiotics as in-feed supplements affect all stages of pork production, including the gestation, nursing, growing, and finishing stages, although the effects show stage-dependent differences. However, the use of antibiotics in animal feed has become a worldwide concern. This review describes why sub-therapeutic levels of antibiotic additives in animal feed have become an integral part of animal feeding programs for more than 70 years, particularly in pork production. It also discusses the threat of the long-term use of sub-therapeutic levels of antibiotics in pork production. In recent years, the effectiveness of in-feed antibiotics has tended to decrease. This review analyzes this change from various perspectives. First, the equipment used at pig farms has improved dramatically and is more sanitary. Worldwide, more pig farms use pig farrowing crates, gestation crates, piglet nursery crates, flooring devices, piggery ventilation and cooler systems, automatic pig feeders, piggery heating equipment, and artificial insemination systems. In addition, scientists have replaced the use of antibiotics with organic acids, fermented mash, probiotics, prebiotics, minerals, oligosaccharides, enzymes, herbs/flavors, and protein/amino acids, and have improved management and husbandry techniques. In addition, animal welfare legislation has been aimed at improving the quality of the floors and living space, ensuring that animals have permanent access to fresh water, and setting a minimum weaning age. Finally, the prospects and the possibility of replacing antibiotics in pork production are described, in line with recent research results.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.309-313
• /
• 2000

The metastasis of uterine leiornyosarcorna to the neck node has not been reported previously and the radiotherapy has been rarely used for the metastatic lesion of the other sites. We report a case of neck metastasis from a uterine leiornyosarcorna, which developed 10 months after surgery and postoperative pelvic radiotherapy. It also involved the parapharyngeal space, adjacent spine, and spinal canal. The metastatic neck mass was inoperable, and was treated by neck radiotherapy (6,000 cGy) and chemotherapy including taxol and carboplatin. The mass has regressed progressively to a nearly impalpable state. She has never developed spinal cord compression syndrome, and has maintained good swallowing for eight months since the neck radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Since the extensive metastatic neck mass showed good local response to high dose radiotherapy and chemotherapy, both treatments may be considered for an unresectable metastatic leiornyosarcorna.

• Current Optics and Photonics
• /
• v.5 no.3
• /
• pp.311-321
• /
• 2021

Indocyanine green (ICG) is a dye approved for use in clinical diagnostics. ICG remains in the intravascular space following intravenous administration, due to its ability to rapidly bind to the plasma proteins, and its therapeutic potential has been studied in well-vascularized cutaneous tumors. Here we have evaluated the clinical response of a subconjunctival tumor to photothermal therapy (PTT) using an ICG-enhanced near-infrared diode laser and its adverse effects, in a rabbit. 22 male New Zealand white rabbits with subconjunctival tumors were enrolled (control group 6, laser-only group 8, laser-with-ICG group 8). Rabbits in the laser-with-ICG group received ICG (twice, 2 mg/kg each time, intravenously) directly followed by irradiation with a diode laser (λ = 810 nm). Rabbits in the laser-only group were irradiated with the diode laser. ICG angiography, ultrasonography, and pathologic examination were performed to evaluate PTT response at specific time points (0, 2, and 4 weeks after PTT). Two weeks after initial treatment, the eight rabbits treated by laser with ICG showed a 100% response rate. There was no clinical response in both laser-only and control groups. ICG-PTT is a potential and effective palliative therapeutic modality for subconjunctival tumors.