• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.21-31
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• 2012

According to the decrease in birth rate and reduction of population in rural area, primary schools have brought about many problems for decrease of number of student, and environment of education have became deteriorated. Accordingly, primary schools be required improvement, and it should be altered placement of schools because it change number of student, distance and time of attending school, and formation of school zone are changed by alternating of human and physical environment. Merger and abolition of primary school is inevitable for change of placement standard to primary school and qualitative improvement of environment of education in rural area. This study suggests the effective space planning methods for unified school and appropriate utilization alternatives for closed school following after the merger and abolition of small rural schools. In doing so, it explores the present models of merger and abolition through analysis of all sort of actual condition and the possibilities for various utilizations of the abolished schools. It proposes a classroom-operation type fused the comprehensive class and departmental class system for merged primary schools in rural area. It also suggests the re-use methods of closed school facilities for students and community. Finally, it emphasizes that in order to success the policy of the merger and abolition of small schools, it be attributed to the social-cultural environment based on local residents and community and required provision of a variety of utilization plans reflecting local specifics and guarantee of local residents' participation and selection.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.2374-2381
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• 2012

The aims of this study are to verify the effecting factors in evacuation behavior under the corridor and stair width variation in evacuation experiments at university education facilities. To achieve these purposes, the present conditions of university education facilities were analyzed, and the evacuation experiment settings were established under different width of corridor and stairs. After the experiments, we asked the effecting variables to the evacuation behaviors under the variation of corridor, stair width and density of evacuee. The results of this study are as follows ; First, we found 3 main factors which affecting the evacuation behaviors ; environmental factors on building conditions, psychological factors on evacuee's characteristics and personal factors on evacuee's physical conditions. Second, the environmental factors such as the location of stairs for evacuation, recognition of wayfinding in fire condition are mainly affects the evacuation behaviors, but evacuee behaviors have little relations with fire extinguishing facilities and personality.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.93-102
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• 2009

Recently, the number of child care facility and social demand for high quality child care service increase suddenly. Especially, social atmosphere about fire safety is more sensitive in Korea. The majority of the residents in a child care facility are composed of early childhood having difficulty to evacuate, and therefore the number of stories of a building and the appropriateness of a evacuation equipment play an important role in the evacuation safety. In this study, problems and improvements for the evacuation safety are dealt with the present conditions of child care facilities, the comparative analysis between domestic and foreign standards, the research on the actual condition of evacuation equipments, and so on. The study brings to a conclusion that it is necessary to systematize the regulations regarding fire safety, to connect fire-fighting facilities for design standards and operations of emergency preparation equipments, to improve the regulations for fire protection system such as the sprinkler system, and to restrict the facilities having fire hazards.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.22 no.10
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• pp.89-96
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• 2008

The objective of this study is to establish the algorithm for contamination criterion map based on the recent weather condition. Present criterion was established by the study on the countermeasure of salt contamination for electrical equipment. It did not represent recent weather condition. Therefore it is necessary to develop a contamination criterion map for assessment of contamination in design areas in Korea. To develop contamination criterion map of seashore areas, we used relational numerical formula based on past measurement data with the amount of rainfall, geomorphic variables(elevation slope, land use). These results are expected to be used as a reference material for design distribution facilities in seashore areas.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.18 no.7
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• pp.549-555
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• 2006

In the present study, sterilizing and antibacterial performance tests of Polybutylene pipe with nano-silver were carried out in the testing bench of water supply facilities. Experimental results show that the average sterilizing and antibacterial rate of two micro-biological samples such as E. coli and S. aureus is about 90% in case of stillness experimental condition and 99% in case of flowing experimental condition, when elapsed time is 120 hours and 3 hours, respectively. Experimental results also show that the supply water velocity in nano-silver Polybutylene pipe varies from 1 m/s to 1.5 m/s, the elapsed time needed sterilizing rate reach to 100% decreases.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.207-212
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• 2004

The propose of this study is to grasp actual status and needs of leisure of middle age. The questionnaire survey is used, the subjects are middle age from 40${\sim}$50's living in big city. The questionnaire consists of leisure, leisure actual condition, leisure satisfaction and need. Frequency, percent, average, x2-test, t-test and ANOVA are used for data analysis. The results of this study are as following; First, leisure is necessary to elevate Quality of life in terms of spiritual , psychological stability and physical health. Second, subjects have more leisure time in weekend the characteristics of leisure time are scattered in woman. Third, in the future the subjects wish to have leisure with family. Therefore, it is necessary to develop leisure program and facilities to promote family leisure. Fourth, the subjects are not satisfied with current leisure for unsufficiency of leisure time, cost, facility and program. Fifth, present leisure behavior characteristics are restrictive and passive. In the near future, however, they showed desire to engage in divers forms of leisure including active and participant leisure.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.145-150
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• 2003

The present study aims to optimize the performance of the Two-Stage Gas Gun by using the experimentally obtained data. RSM(Response Surface Method) was adopted in the optimization process to find the operating parameter than can maximize the projectile speed with the minimum number of tests. To decide the test points which results can consist of the response surface, 3$^{k}$ full factorial method was used, and the design variables were chosen with piston mass and 2$^{nd}$ driver fill pressure. The response surface was composed by nine test results and consequently the optimization was done with GENOCOP III, inherently GA code, in order to seek the optimal test point. The optimal test condition from the response surface was verified by the experiment. Results showed that the optimization process with response surface can successfully predict the test results fairly well. This study shows the possibility of performance optimization for the experimental facilities using numerical optimization algorithm.

• Korean Journal of Rural Living Science
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.31-41
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• 1994

The purpose of this study is to analyze the changes of rural housing conditions by comparing the general housing indicators of rural area and those of urban. For those purposes, the indicators that present the housing conditions are set up, and the changes of average housing conditions are analyzed by a region : Shis(cities), Ups, Myons. For the analysis, Population and Housing Census Report and related data were used. Rural housing conditions have become better since the 1960s in the aspect of quality. They are, however, relatively much worse than those of urban areas. The gap of housing conditions between urban and rural housing is big, especially in qualitative indicators, which are housing facilities. Quantitative indicators, which are housing supply rate and ownership rate, are better than urban conditions.

• Journal of The Korean Digital Architecture Interior Association
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.17-25
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is basic research for demand forecasting of residence which will form in the new industrial complex. Our industrial complexes are important base of National economic development until 90's. But The industry complexes which confront facility which is old, Maintenance negligence and change of industrial system must change new shape from existing function of industrial complexes. The results of this study are that the present housing using condition are different at ages and Using intentions of staff facility are negative generally. These means that When starting the structure hightening, the utility system provision and public information of residence facilities in industral complex are necessary for workers. So, The key points of industry complex structure hightening are that the accurate recognition about demand and the development of financial support policy for young Income low-end workers do to make advance efficiently.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Heat Treatment
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.199-204
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• 2008

The destructive method is reliable and widely used for evaluating the properties of material but it is time-consuming and difficult to prepare specimens from in-service industrial facilities. In the present research, Barkhausen Noise (BN) has been used to evaluate changes of mechanical properties due to heat treatment condition. The BN voltage (rms voltage) was measured with grain size. The rms voltage of BN increased with the heat treatment temperature ($870{\sim}1000^{\circ}C$) because the grain size increased with the temperature. The rms voltage of BN decreased with various heat treatment processes, such as quenched, tempered and PWHT. The BN can be used for the nondestructive evaluation of the forged reactor vessels. and moreover, it may be effectively used in the field application.