• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권17호
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• pp.7923-7927
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• 2015

Background: The Cox PH model is one of the most significant statistical models in studying survival of patients. But, in the case of patients with long-term survival, it may not be the most appropriate. In such cases, a cure rate model seems more suitable. The purpose of this study was to determine clinical factors associated with cure rate of patients with breast cancer. Materials and Methods: In order to find factors affecting cure rate (response), a non-mixed cure rate model with negative binomial distribution for latent variable was used. Variables selected were recurrence cancer, status for HER2, estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR), size of tumor, grade of cancer, stage of cancer, type of surgery, age at the diagnosis time and number of removed positive lymph nodes. All analyses were performed using PROC MCMC processes in the SAS 9.2 program. Results: The mean (SD) age of patients was equal to 48.9 (11.1) months. For these patients, 1, 5 and 10-year survival rates were 95, 79 and 50 percent respectively. All of the mentioned variables were effective in cure fraction. Kaplan-Meier curve showed cure model's use competence. Conclusions: Unlike other variables, existence of ER and PR positivity will increase probability of cure in patients. In the present study, Weibull distribution was used for the purpose of analysing survival times. Model fitness with other distributions such as log-N and log-logistic and other distributions for latent variable is recommended.

• 대한수학교육학회지:학교수학
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.273-299
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• 2010

본 논문의 목적은 고등학교 수준의 학생들이 표집분포의 개념을 학습할 수 있도록 '표집분포 시뮬레이션 (Sampling Distributions Simulation)'을 설계하고 구현하는 것이다. '표집분포 시뮬레이션'은 다음과 같이 4차시로 구성되어 있다. 1차시-신뢰도와 신뢰구간의 의미 학습하기 2차시-표집분포의 의미 학습하기 3차시-중심극한정리의 의미 학습하기 4차시-이항분포의 정규근사 학습하기 본 연구를 통하여 표집분포의 중요성에 대한 학생들이 인식이 달라지고 이해가 증진되기를 기대한다. 또 본 연구의 결과로 제공되는 프로그램 '표집분포의 시뮬레이션' 수업을 통해 통계적 추론 능력이 향상되고, 아울러 통계적 추론 속에서 표집 분포의 역할이 충분히 이해되기를 기대한다.

• 한국정보처리학회논문지
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• 제6권12호
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• pp.3490-3499
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• 1999

초기하분포 소프트웨어 신뢰성 성장 모델(HGDM)은 최근에 개발되어 테스트와 디버그의 시작 단계에서 소프트웨어에 남아 있는 초기 결함 수를 추정할 수 있는 문제에 성공적으로 적용되고 있다. 그러나 HGDM은 시간 도메인 소프트웨어 신뢰성 성장 모델(SRGM)에 속하지만 시험자 수 등과 같은 시험에 투입하는 자원을 고려하는 과정에서 다른 시간 도메인 SRGM과 비교하기 곤란한 점을 내포하게 되었다. 특히, 시간 도메인 SRGM에서 일반적으로 사용하는 소프트웨어 신뢰성을 계산할 수 없다. 본 논문은 HGDM이 시간에 의해 기술되지 않음으로 인해 생기는 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위해 이항 반응 계수를 가진 연속 시간형 HGDM을 개발하고 그 특성을 연구한다. 그리고 제안된 모델을 실제 자료에 적용해서 기존 HGDM을 대신하여 사용할 수 있음을 보인다.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.285-294
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• 2015

Background: Suicide is one of important health problems in Korea. Previous studies showed factors associated with suicide in individual levels. However, suicide was influenced by society that individuals belong to, so it was required to analyze suicide in local levels. The purpose of this study was to analyze the regional disparities of suicide mortality by gender and the association between local characteristics and suicide mortality. Methods: This study included 229 city county district administrative districts in Korea. Age- and sex-standardized suicide mortality and age-standardized suicide mortality (male/female) were used as dependent variables. City county district types, socio-demographics (number of divorces per 1,000 population, number of marriages per 1,000 population, and single households), financial variable (financial independence), welfare variable (welfare budget), and health behavior/status (perceived health status scores and EuroQol-5 dimension [EQ-5D]) were used to represent the local characteristics. We used hot-spot analysis to identify the spatial patterns of suicide mortality and negative binomial regression analysis to examine factors affecting suicide mortality. Results: There were differences in distribution of suicide mortality and hot-spot regions of suicide mortality by gender. Negative binomial regression analysis provided that city county district types (city), number of divorces per 1,000 population, financial independence, and EQ-5D had significant influences on the age- and sex-standardized suicide mortality per 100,000. Factor influencing suicide mortality was the number of divorces per 1,000 population in both male and female. Conclusion: Study results provided evidences that suicide mortality among regions was differed by gender. Health policy makers will need to consider gender and local characteristics when making policies for suicides.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.263-269
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• 1996

The somplest approximate confidence interval for the probability of success is the one based on the normal approximation to the binomial distribution, It is widely used in the introductory teaching, and various guidelines for its use with "large" sample have appeared in the literature. This paper suggests a guideline when to use it as an approximation to the exact confidence interval, and comparisons with existing guidelines are provided. provided.

• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.149-157
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• 2004

The stationarity is one of the most important properties of a time series. We propose robust sign tests for seasonal autoregressive processes to determine whether or not a time series is stationary. The proposed tests are robust to the outliers and the heteroscedastic errors, and they have an exact binomial null distribution regardless of the period of seasonality and types of median adjustments. A Monte-Carlo simulation shows that the sign test is locally more powerful than the tests based on ordinary least squares estimator (OLSE) for heavy-tailed and/or heteroscedastic error distributions.

• 한국통계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국통계학회 2003년도 춘계 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.281-286
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• 2003

The stationarity is one of the most important properties of a time series. We propose robust sign tests for seasonal autoregressive process to determine whether or not a time series is stationary. The tests have an exact binomial null distribution and are robust to the outliers and the heteroscedastic errors. Monte-Carlo simulation shows that the sign test is locally more powerful than the OLSE-based tests for heavy-tailed and/or heteroscedastic error distributions.

• 품질경영학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.62-73
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• 1997

Previous VSI control chart works have been done on quality variable whose distribution is normal. But there are many situations in which hte assumption of not a, pp.opriate. Also, in many industrial processes, the interest is to monitor the number of defectives. In this paper, we will take the existing properties of VSI control chart developed for the normal distribution and a, pp.y them to the np-chart based on the discrete binomial distribution. We will consider the CUSUM chart for the number of defectives. Here, the interesting object is to compute the VSI ATS for CUSUM control chart using Markov chain a, pp.oach and to compare FSI ATS and VSI ATS.

• International Journal of Reliability and Applications
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.77-84
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• 2014

In this paper, a optimal designing methodology is proposed to determine the parameters for skip-lot sampling plan of type SkSP-2 plan with double sampling plan as reference plan, when the lifetime of the product follows generalized exponential distribution. The two points on the operating characteristic curve approach are used to find the optimal parameters for the proposed plan. The plan parameters are determined so as to minimize the average sample number subject to satisfying simultaneously both producer and consumer risks at the acceptable and limiting quality levels respectively.

• 응용통계연구
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.159-167
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• 1995

지수족(exponential family)에 속하면서 어떤 특별한 형태를 따르는 이산분포는 그 분포함수가 정의된 정수에 대한 단봉적 순열이다. 본 논문에서 그러한 분포함수의 모수에 대한 혼합형이 어떤 조건하에서 항상 단봉적 순열을 유지하는가에 대하여 연구하였다. 그 예로써 이항분포와 포아송분포 각각에 대한 최대모수구간을 구하여, 그 모수 구간안에서의 혼합형은 항상 단봉적임을 보였다.