• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.207-212
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• 2004

The propose of this study is to grasp actual status and needs of leisure of middle age. The questionnaire survey is used, the subjects are middle age from 40${\sim}$50's living in big city. The questionnaire consists of leisure, leisure actual condition, leisure satisfaction and need. Frequency, percent, average, x2-test, t-test and ANOVA are used for data analysis. The results of this study are as following; First, leisure is necessary to elevate Quality of life in terms of spiritual , psychological stability and physical health. Second, subjects have more leisure time in weekend the characteristics of leisure time are scattered in woman. Third, in the future the subjects wish to have leisure with family. Therefore, it is necessary to develop leisure program and facilities to promote family leisure. Fourth, the subjects are not satisfied with current leisure for unsufficiency of leisure time, cost, facility and program. Fifth, present leisure behavior characteristics are restrictive and passive. In the near future, however, they showed desire to engage in divers forms of leisure including active and participant leisure.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.13-20
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• 2021

This study aims to provide necessary, basic data for future space planning of rural housing through a survey on the size of residential space and space utilization of rural housing. To this end, this study analyzed the size and space of rural houses in actual use, and also analyzed the size and characteristics of the essential space for life, which were collected via a survey. In particular, Usan Village in Jangheung, where various types of houses and renewed houses coexist due to continued changes in the form of traditional villages, was selected for a target site of this study. In next step, this study analyzed the current status of use of each house in the village and compared the size of each space and the characteristics of space utilization. The results of the survey on Usan village, on where divergent traditional and modern houses are located, are as follows. First, Usan Village has total 31 traditional and modern houses. Most of the houses have been aging and formed into old-age households, and the expansion, renovation, and construction of farmhouses have progressed. Second, the population of Usan Village has decreased, and the number of residents per household is currently 1.4. Third, the survey indicates that the flat area of rural houses was 80.6m², the average area of living space was 54.1m², and the average area of water storage space was 26.5m², and the main living area was changed to water storage space due to the decrease in the number of household members in rural areas.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Earth Science Education
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.203-213
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• 2014

This study investigates the implementation of the Converged Science, and what teachers and students think of it in order to understand how it is taking root in schools. The results identify ways in which the new curriculum can establish itself in schools. One hundred and two science teachers, who had participated in the mandatory workshop for the 2009 Amended Course of Science, were given the first survey regarding their general perception of the converged science curriculum. A year after the first implementation of the new curriculum, one hundred and seventy one science teachers were given the second survey in order to determine their general perception and actual results in the classrooms. A similar survey was given to one hundred and forty nine tenth grade students. In addition, one hundred and forty eight tenth grade students, who had experienced the new science curriculum, took part in another survey revealing their general thoughts the course. The results show that the teachers' responses are rarely positive. The teachers claimed that the contents were too extensive while the level of fundamental concepts were too rigorous for tenth graders. They also asserted that the contents contained too much of a particular subject, and that it is necessary to lower the level of rigor. With regard to the level of unification of converged science textbooks, the teachers expressed that they are still slightly inadequate. The subject of science in the seventh curricula was criticized due to its lack of convergence: over 90% of the respondents answered negatively. On the other hand, the students responded more positively: they said that the new converged science was difficult to learn, but was interesting. In Busan, most high schools adopted the new curriculum in the first year when it was introduced for the first time. In most cases (over 80%), several teachers divided and taught the contents either according to their majors or regardless of their majors.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2009.04a
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• pp.230-235
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• 2009

In our country, the application of the design method of face to face dimension in wall-slab apartment has passed 10 years. So MC design method has fixed in the design step to some degree. In Design and Work Execution of House the exclusive area of the apartment was calculated by face to face dimension. And the term of face to face dimension was known broadly to clients, construction company, etc. But design method of face to face dimension is not to simply extend the room size so far as wall depth in design process but to ensure the actual space should be considered with efficient use and assembly of building components. That is to say, Design method of face to face dimension is not to be defined by design step but to be related with construction and maintenance. However in construction process the point of face to face design method was not understood even now. So the purpose of this study was to extract the effect and question of face to face design method in construction process by survey of actual condition of structure and construction quality, and compare this result with existing construction method. The following project of this study is to survey of actual condition of interior components such as gypsum board, windows & doors etc. Therefore this study is to induce architectural long-life through architectural standardization construction and component's exchange, and, by the subject of the study on Apartment to have design guideline and basis for joining part between Gypsumboard and windows.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.31-38
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• 2009

In our country, the application of the design method of face to face dimension in wall-slab apartment has passed 10 years. So MC(Modular Coordination) design method has fixed in the design step to some degree. In Design and Work Execution of House the exclusive area of the apartment was calculated by face to face dimension. And the term of face to face dimension was known broadly to clients, construction company, etc. But design method of face to face dimension is not to simply extend the room size so far as wall depth in design process but to ensure the actual space should be considered with efficient use and assembly of building components. That is to say, Design method of face to face dimension is not to be defined by design step but to be related with construction and maintenance. However in construction process the point of face to face design method was not understood even now. So the purpose of this study was to extract the effect and question of face to face design method in construction process by survey of actual condition of structure and construction quality, and compare this result with existing construction method. The following project of this study is to survey of actual condition of interior components such as gypsum board, windows & doors etc. Therefore this study is to induce architectural long-life through architectural standardization construction and component's exchange, and, by the subject of the study on Apartment to have design guideline and basis for joining part between Gypsumboard and windows.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.17-26
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• 2015

In this study the location condition and the management of the Rural Experience Tourism Villages located around unified Cheongju city has been surveyed or investigated. On the basis of the results of the survey or investigation this study is to suggest a way to make activate the Rural Experience Tourism Villages which have been inactive. The ways of the research include the understanding of what means the activation of rural areas and then this study is to find the problems with the Rural Experience Tourism Villages and to suggest final ways or plans after the field investigation of the condition of the location and management of the Villages. In this study I had full understanding of the concept of the activation for rural areas and the humanistic and geographical characteristics and then made a wide investigation and analysis of the location condition and the management of the Rural Experience Tourism Villages in this area. Based on the theory and the results of the actual investigation I made a suggestion of basic direction for the improvement of the Villages and the ways for activation of the Villages. I really expect these suggestions of mine to make active contribution to make the actual plan through the promotion of the Rural Experience Tourism Villages.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.72-82
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• 1990

The actual condition of drug abuse by some Juveniles in our country and effects of some elements on their drug abusing were observed providing basic materials for health education to juveniles to contribute to the health improvement of them and the reduction of the harmfulness of drug abuse. 1035 third school year students of some senior high schools in Seoul were subjected to the questionnaire survey. The results could be summarized as follows : 1. Among the twelve kinds of drug involved in the study, alcohol (72.0%), cigarette (44.2%), stimulants (23.9%), analgesics (7.9%) appeard abused in the order named. 2. As for the motives of using antitussives, 30.1% of students answered because of curiosity, then 28.8%, in order to get a calm condition, and then 16.4%, to get along with friends. 3. As the result from seeing how much each drug abuser is contact with his family, frends, school, social surroundings and himself, every abuser appeared having higher degree of discontentment with family, school, society and himself excepting friends. 4. And when analyzed the relationship between their misconducting and drug-abusing, a close relationship was shown : mere abusers among misconduct-experienced students, and more misconduct-experienced students among abusers.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.1-9
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• 2009

This study investigated the actual condition focusing on the lighting environment which is a major element in aspect of indoor environment of a public library and assessed user satisfaction. Research results are as follows: Firstly, numbers of lighting fixtures per dimension of a reading room in a public library were inconsistent due to the lack of definite regulations, which was found to have negative effect on night time illuminance. Secondly, it was assessed that illuminance between the day time influenced by natural lighting and in the nighttime without natural lighting has more than 10-fold difference. Therefore, such a condition is judged to be inappropriate for lighting environment of a reading room where users spend a long time studying and thus, it is considered that an appropriate measures should be taken. Thirdly, as the survey result on users' satisfaction with lighting environment was revealed to be lesser than 3 points, lighting plan in consideration of its users should be progressed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.139-147
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• 2015

This study deals with actual commuting distance and influence of risk factors depending on commuting distance and mode in order to reestablish actual commuting zone of primary school students. Data mining analysis(CHAID) was applied for this reestablishment using survey results from 6,927 primary school students in Seoul Metro. Six risk factors; convenience level of commuting path condition, convenience level of road crossing condition, vehicle speed on commuting path, segregation level between commuter and vehicle, congestion level of commuting path, and public security level and two mode; walking and cycle are considered in the analysis. As the results of CHAID analysis, commuting distance was divided into four zones; Internal Zone(0.491km under), External Zone(0.492 ~ 1.492km, 1.493 ~ 2.699km), Commutable Zone(2.70km over), and awareness level on safety is declined as commuting distance is increased. The risk factor affecting on safety is recognized differently by students depending on commuting distance and mode. For students commuting by walking, vehicle speed on commuting path and convenience level of commuting path condition are recognized as the prime risk factor within Internal Zone and Commutable Zone, respectively. For students commuting by cycle, convenience level of road crossing condition and vehicle speed on commuting path are recognized as the prime risk factor within Commutable Zone. Analysis results show that improved plan and program for commuting path for primary school students are required considering actual commuting distance and method.

• Journal of The Korean Dental Society of Anesthesiology
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.29-39
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• 2014

Background: Dental phobia or anxiety of patients is the serious impediment to appropriate and effective dental treatment. Sedative technique helps to mitigate patients' fear and anxiety thus make them more cooperative and familiar to dental practices. With increasing attention to sedative dentistry in dentists, educational requirements and technical qualification also become stricter but actual survey on recent sedative dentistry has not been reported yet. Especially there is insufficient study reporting the survey of sedative dentistry subjected to Korean adults. In this paper, we conducted a survey study on the actual condition and practice related to sedation with a questionnaire to dentists in South Korea. Methods: The survey was done for members of The Korean Dental Society of Anesthesiology (KDSA), who had great interest in sedation and for whom survey-by-mail was convenient. 472 members of The KDSA having dental license and solid address and contact information were subjected to the survey by sending them survey questions about their sedative techniques and knowledge. In order to increase the response rate, small gifts were presented to those who accurately responded to the survey questions and text messages and phone calls were made to encourage their participation. We collected their responses over two months and examined the returned surveys. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 21 for each question. Results: Out of 472 dentists, 181 responded (38.4% response rate). 63.0% (114 dentists; 77 male and 37 female) of respondents had experience on sedative technique and their average age was $39.8{\pm}7.6$ year. 74 of them were private practitioners, 17 of them were professors (14.9%), 11 of them were dentists-in-service (9.6%), 11 of them were residents (specialist training) (9.6%) and 1 of them was military doctors (0.9%). There were 89 dentists (78.1%) who were specialists or receiving trainings to be specialist, most of whom were pediatric dentists (55, 48.2%) and oral surgeon (31, 27.2%). The most popular route for drug medications was orderly oral, inhalational, intravenous medication. Combination of oral and inhalational medications or single use of intravenous medication was the most common. The most preferred sedative drug was pocral in oral sedation and midazolam in intravenous sedation. 48.2% of practitioners responded that they experienced side effects and emergency situations. Airway obstruction was the most frequent. Conclusions: Results from the survey show that the protocol and system for sedative dentistry have been improved compared to the past. Nevertheless, quality of emergency protocol, monitoring devices and preparation of sedative drugs was still insufficient to achieve safe sedative procedure. This study acquires novelty since actual survey on recent sedative dentistry for adult patients has not been reported yet.