• Journal of the Korean Society of Systems Engineering
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.50-63
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• 2024

This study analyzed the relationships between positive attitude, leisure attitude, and leisure satisfaction among university students participating in a leisure activity support education program using the metaverse. The results are as follows. First, positive attitude was found to have a significant impact on leisure attitude. Perspective diversification influenced the cognitive and emotional factors of leisure attitude, self-acceptance influenced the emotional factor, and social adaptation influenced both the cognitive and emotional factors. Second, leisure attitude was found to have a significant impact on leisure satisfaction. Cognitive and emotional attitudes influenced all factors of leisure satisfaction, while behavioral attitude primarily influenced the relaxation factor. Third, positive attitude was found to have a significant impact on psychological, social, relaxation, and physiological factors of leisure satisfaction. Perspective diversification and self-acceptance played important roles, while social adaptation influenced all factors of leisure satisfaction. These findings provide important implications for the curriculum design of leisure activity support education programs using the metaverse for university students, focusing on enhancing positive attitude. The metaverse environment offers experiences similar to real-life interactions, which can contribute to enhancing participants' positive attitude and improving their leisure satisfaction. Program design should include elements that enhance participants' self-acceptance and social adaptation abilities, as well as focus on improving self-regulation skills. Through this, university students can enrich their leisure experiences, ultimately contributing to improving their overall quality of life.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.257-271
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• 2016

The Structural SIMilarity (SSIM) index is one of the most widely-used methods for perceptual image quality assessment (IQA). It is based on the principle that the human visual system (HVS) is sensitive to the overall structure of an image. However, it has been reported that indices predicted by SSIM tend to be biased depending on the type of distortion, which increases the deviation from the main regression curve. Consequently, SSIM can result in serious performance degradation. In this study, we investigate the aforementioned phenomenon from a new perspective and review a constant that plays a big role within the SSIM metric but has been overlooked thus far. Through an experimental study on the influence of this constant in evaluating images with SSIM, we are able to propose a new solution that resolves this issue. In the proposed IQA method, we first design a system to classify different types of distortion, and then match an optimal constant to each type. In addition, we supplement the proposed method by adding color perception-based structural information. For a comprehensive assessment, we compare the proposed method with 15 existing IQA methods. The experimental results show that the proposed method is more consistent with the HVS than the other methods.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.74 no.2
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• pp.243-254
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• 2020

Devastating RC structural failures in the past have identified that the behavior of beam-column joints is more critical and significantly governs the global structural response under seismic loading. The congestion of reinforcement at the beam-column joints with other constructional difficulties has escalated the attention required for strengthening RC beam-column joints. In this context, numerous studies have been carried out in the past, which mainly focused on jacketing the joints with different materials. However, there is no comparative study of different approaches used to strengthen RC beam-column joints, from efficiency and cost perspective. This paper presents a detailed investigation carried out to study the various strengthening schemes of exterior RC beam-column joints, viz., steel fiber reinforcement, carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) strengthening, steel haunch strengthening, and confining joint reinforcement. The effectiveness of each scheme was evaluated experimentally. These specimens were tested under horizontal loading that produced opening moments on the joints and their behavior was studied with emphasis on strength, displacement ductility, stiffness, and failure mechanism. Special attention was given to the study of crack-width.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.217-226
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• 2016

Monolayer hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) is a phenomenal two-dimensional material; most of its physical properties rival those of graphene because of their structural similarities. This intriguing material has thus spurred scientists and researchers to develop novel synthetic methods to attain scalability for enabling its practical utilization. When probing the growth behaviors and structural characteristics of h-BN, the use of appropriate characterization techniques is important. In this review, we detail the use of scanning and transmission electron microscopies to investigate the atomic configurations of monolayer and bilayer h-BN grown via chemical vapor deposition. These advanced microscopy techniques have been demonstrated to provide intimate insights to the atomic structures of h-BN, which can be interpreted directly or indirectly using known growth mechanisms and existing theoretical calculations. This review provides a collective understanding of the structural characteristics and defects of synthetic h-BN films and facilitates a better perspective toward the development of new and improved synthesis techniques.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.21-43
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• 2005

Masonry is a composite non-homogeneous structural material, whose mechanical properties depend on the properties of and the interaction between the composite components - brick and mortar, their volume ratio, the properties of their bond, and any cracking in the masonry. The mechanical properties of masonry depend on the orientation of the bed joints and the stress state of the joints, and so the values of the shear modulus, as well as the stiffness of masonry structural elements can depend on various factors. An extensive testing programme in several countries addresses the problem of measurement of the stiffness properties of masonry. These testing programs have provided sufficient data to permit a review of the influence of different testing techniques (mono and bi-axial tests), the variations caused by distinct loading conditions (monotonic and cyclic), the impact of the mortar type, as well as influence of the reinforcement. This review considers the impact of the measurement devices used for determining the shear modulus and stiffness of walls on the results. The results clearly indicate a need to re-assess the values stated in almost all national codes for the shear modulus of the masonry, especially for masonry made with lime mortar, where strong anisotropic behaviour is in the stiffness properties.

• Wind and Structures
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.347-373
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• 2014

Since its development in the early 1980's the force balance technique has become a standard method in the efficient determination of structural loads and responses. Its usefulness lies in the simplicity of the physical model, the relatively short records required from the wind tunnel testing and its versatility in the use of the data for different sets of dynamic properties. Its major advantage has been the ability to provide results in a timely manner, assisting the structural engineer to fine-tune their building at an early stage of the structural development. The analysis of the wind tunnel data has evolved from the simple un-coupled system to sophisticated methods that include the correction for non-linear mode shapes, the handling of complex geometry and the handling of simultaneous measurements on multiple force balances for a building group. This paper will review some of the components in the force balance data analysis both in historical perspective and in its current advancement. The basic formulation of the force balance methodology in both frequency and time domains will be presented. This includes all coupling effects and allows the determination of the resultant quantities such as resultant accelerations, as well as various load effects that generally were not considered in earlier force balance analyses. Using a building model test carried out in the wind tunnel as an example case study, the effects of various simplifications and omissions are discussed.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.439-448
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• 2023

Korea's original traditional costume designs have a great potential to be re-imagined from a global perspective and developed into high-value-added fashion culture products that can enter the international market. This study applied the structural features of traditional clothing to the design of fashion cultural products. This study developed designs using Beja, Sagyusam, Aekjuem-po, Danlyeong, Cheolrik, Jang-jegori of Korea. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to conduct a literature survey of traditional Korean clothing. We designed shirts using Adobe Illustrator and created a pattern with the Yuka program. This design was applied to a three dimensional virtual dressing system called CLO. A survey of individual interest in developed fashion cultural products was also conducted. The shirt designs were obtained by applying the details and structural characteristics of traditional Korean clothing. Among the six shirt designs, when asked which design would be suitable for wearing, gifting, or uniform, the shirts with the design of Danlyeong, Beja, and Sagyusam were generally highly preferred. This study can be used as basic data for the global market for fashion cultural products, and can contribute to the inheritance and development of culture and tradition by maintaining Korea's uniqueness in the modern global era and increasing tourism revenue.

• The Korean Journal of Franchise Management
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.43-60
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• 2024

Purpose: According to previous studies, customer experience had a significant effect on consumer behaviors. In this perspective, this study investigates the structural relationship among customer experience, resort use satisfaction, and customer behavioral intentions, with focus on the mediating role of resort use satisfaction. Research design, data, and methodology: Data collected from 361 individuals who had experienced the resort service were analyzed using SPSS 29.0 and AMOS 29.0, involving frequency analysis, HTMT, reliability analysis, correlation analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and structural equation model testing. Result: Firstly, cognitive, and relational experiences had significant effect on resort use satisfaction. Secondly, resort use satisfaction had significant effect on customer behavioral intentions. Thirdly, resort use satisfaction had partial mediating effects in the relationship between customer experiences and customer behavioral intentions. Conclusion: This study academically confirmed the empirical link between customer experience and consumer behaviors. From a practical standpoint, it suggests the necessity of marketing activities that enhance customers' perception of their experiences, as well as resort use satisfaction and customer behavioral intentions, through systematic CS education and management of the physical environment.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.358-377
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• 2021

Knowledge drives business innovation. However, even if companies have the same knowledge element in the business ecosystem, innovation performance varies depending on the structural position of the technical knowledge network. This study investigated whether there is a difference in exploitative innovation according to the structural position of the AI technical knowledge network. We collected patents from the top 100 digital companies registered with the US Patent Office from 2015 to 2019 and classified the companies into knowledge producer-based brokers, knowledge absorber-based brokers, knowledge absorbers, and knowledge producers from the perspective of knowledge creation and flow. The analysis results are as follows. First, a few of the top 100 digital companies disseminate, absorb, and mediate knowledge, while the majority do not. Second, exploitative innovation is the largest, in the order of knowledge producer, knowledge absorber-based broker, knowledge absorber, and knowledge producer-based broker. Finally, patents for industrial intelligence occupy a large proportion, and knowledge producers are leading exploitative innovation. Therefore, latecomers need to expand their resources and capabilities by citing patents owned by leading companies and converge with existing industries into AI-based industries.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.23-38
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• 2022

As city tourism has recently been evaluated as a major indicator of urban competitiveness, strengthening the role of cities as tourist destinations has received more attention. However, industrialization and urbanization of many cities lead to population decline, extinction of traditional industries, and deterioration of living environments, weakening urban functions and competitiveness. Thus, it is essential for declining cities to build a measure to restore urban competitiveness by enhancing urban functions. Accordingly, this study focused on socio-cultural urban regeneration by exploring physical spaces for tourism destinations in declining cities. Different from general tourist destinations, tourism destinations of urban regeneration have a temporal perspective covering the past, present, and future. How does the temporal perspective of urban regeneration tourist destinations affect tourists' satisfaction and behavioral intention? In order to address these questions, this study conducts an empirical analysis based on structural equation modeling (SEM) using the sample of tourists who have visited urban regeneration tourism destinations. With SEM, this paper investigates structural relationships across variables by testing the hypothesis established in the proposed research model. The results show that precious memories of the past are the most important factor for tourists to visit urban regeneration tourist destinations. The empirical findings of this study will contribute to the research areas of urban tourism, urban regeneration tourism, and urban regeneration tourism destinations. In addition, this study can provide practical implications to develop socio-cultural contents of urban regeneration areas as tourism resources to establish plans for urban regeneration projects and achieve sustainable development strategies.