• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
• /
• 2001.10a
• /
• pp.147-158
• /
• 2001

In general, two methods have been used to predict settlement of soft ground. One method is Terzaghi's one dimensional consolidation theory which gives time-settlement relationship using the standard consolidation test results. The other is forecasting method of ground settlement to be occured in the future using in-situ monitoring data. The above both methods have some defects in application manner or in itself especially in very deep and soft clayey ground. In view of the lessons and experiences of soft ground improvement projects, several techniques were proposed for more accurate theorectical calculation of consolidation settlement as follows ; ① Subdivision of soft ground, ② Consideration of secondary compression, ③ Using the modified compression index, etc. And also, revised hyperbolic fitting method was suggested to minimize the error of predicted future settlement. In addition, revised De-Beer equation of immediate settlement of loose sandy soil was proposed to overcome the tendency to show too small settlement calculation results by original De-Deer equation. And also, considering the various effects of settlement delay in the improved ground by vertical drains, time-settlement caculation equation(Onoue method) was revised to match the tendency of settlement delay by using the characteristics of discharge capacity decreases of vertical drain with time elapse by the pattern of hyperbolic equation.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.70-82
• /
• 2014

A nano-power CMOS voltage reference is proposed in this paper. Through a combination of switched-capacitor technology with the body effect in MOSFETs, the output voltage is defined as the difference between two gate-source voltages using only a single PMOS transistor operated in the subthreshold region, which has low sensitivity to the temperature and supply voltage. A low output, which breaks the threshold restriction, is produced without any subdivision of the components, and flexible trimming capability can be achieved with a composite transistor, such that the chip area is saved. The chip is implemented in $0.18{\mu}m$ standard CMOS technology. Measurements show that the output voltage is approximately 123.3 mV, the temperature coefficient is $17.6ppm/^{\circ}C$, and the line sensitivity is 0.15 %/V. When the supply voltage is 1 V, the supply current is less than 90 nA at room temperature. The area occupation is approximately $0.03mm^2$.

• KIEAE Journal
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.31-38
• /
• 2009

The purpose of this study is to present direction in outdoors space planning and design after direction through user characteristic analysis through spectacle component establishment of culture art center outdoors space through on-the-site analysis and literature investigation to culture art center of Seoul city and capital region 17 places in this research. The data was collected from classification and bisection kind, subdivision kind, and great classification composed to 17 items. User satisfaction side and Variable that is looked below satisfaction than average appeared to bench, pergola, sculpture facilities, pavement facilities, border facilities. And these facilities were analyzed dissatisfaction. When see satisfaction model, when make up culture art center or similar facilities in local government hereafter because parking facilities and rest area cause big effect in satisfaction, is judged that is item to consider most preferentially. In most case, parking lot security from outdoors space, resting place security, security of field performance facilities etc. taking a serious view because tendency that users see performance or use most vehicles except neighborhood walking area for a rest, a walk etc.. is trend. But, is judged that physical side so that can feel satisfaction as space security of quantitative side is important but users utilize substantially and side that is the program are more important in hereafter.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
• /
• v.9 no.10
• /
• pp.1161-1168
• /
• 2014

As rapidly growing industry, ICT industry is emphasized for its importance and the demand to figure out for the performances of investment of R&D for ICT have been increasing. The performance for investment of R&D analyze mainly as commercialization, sales, hiring employee and intellectual property and so on. In this paper, we propose an analytical method for performance as focusing an application time of patent that are acquired as a result after perform the national project of ICT. We classify 4 subdivision technologies and 17 detailed classification of Korean industrial standard for 35,551 item of ICT area among national R&D project. This paper proposes computational method for required time about patent's performance. As a analyzed result we verify that the activity of technology's commercialization is most active in communication as 1.2 year of ICT among national project.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
• /
• v.19 no.6
• /
• pp.614-622
• /
• 2015

Binary MQ arithmetic coding is widely used recently as a basic entropy coder in multimedia coding system. MQ coder esteems high in compression efficiency to be used in JBIG2 and JPEG2000. The importance of arithmetic coding is increasing after it is adopted as an unique entropy coder in HEVC standard. In the binary MQ coder, arithmetic approximation without multiplication is used in the process of recursive subdivision of range interval. Because of the MPS/LPS exchange activity happened in MQ coder, output byte tends to increase. This paper proposes an enhanced binary MQ arithmetic coder to make use of a lookup table for AQe using quantization skill in order to reduce the deficiency. Experimental results show that about 4% improvement of compression in case of JBIG2 for bi-level image compression standard. And also, about 1% improvement of compression ratio is obtained in case of lossless JPEG2000 coding. For the lossy JPEG2000 coding, about 1% improvement of PSNR at the same compression ratio. Additionally, computational complexity is not increasing.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.107-115
• /
• 2003

This study was conducted to investigate the subjective degree of fatigue, the degree of fatigue depending on analysis of MMPI and SDNN in middle-aged women. Data were collected from 51 patients, registered at Oriental Medicine Hospital in J-city and K-city respectively. The instrument used in this study were the Multidimensional Assessment of Fatigue developed by Belza(1995) and revised by Jung & Kim(1999) and the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory(MMPI) and Standard Deviation of Normal to Normal(SDNN). The collected data were analyzed by SPSS/WIN 9.0 program using frequencies, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test. The degree of fatigue in middle-aged women: the average score 30.61 out of the total score 40. Subdivision of fatigue scores: common fatigue degree 7.71, distress due to fatigue 7.67, degree of daily activity fatigue 7.43, and fatigue frequency in the previous week 7.84. The degree of fatigue according to subjective recognition was shown significant difference(t=6.707, p=.000).: group of recognition (33.58), group of ignorance (23.47). The degree of fatigue according to MMPI was shown significant difference. : In the group of recognition, scales of Hs, D, Hy, Pt were higher. The degree of fatigue according to SDNN was shown significant difference (T=-4.062, P=.000). : group of recognition (33.47ms), group of ignorance (45.70ms). The total fatigue score and scales of Hs, D, Hy in MMPI was correlated positively (r=.576; r=.466; r=.518), and total fatigue score and SDNN was correlated negatively (r=-.576). Conclusively fatigue is one of difficult problems in middle-aged women. Therefore it is necessary to develope some nursing intervention for reducing fatigue in its early stages.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
• /
• v.23 no.1
• /
• pp.63-78
• /
• 2011

1. Objectives: We aimed to propose a sub-classification system for the Taeeumin symptomatology by examining the Taeeumin pathology and symptomatology descriptions appearing in "Donguisusebowon". 2. Methods: The Gabo Edition and the Sinchuk Edition (the upgraded and revised edition) of "Donguisusebowon" were reviewed and examined for relevant information on the Taeeum pathology and symptomatology. 3. Results and Conclusions: 1) In the Taeeumin symptomatology, the Exterior disease develops from the basic pathology of Esophagus-Cold and the Interior disease from that of Liver-Heat, eventually progressing to damage of the expirational and dispersive energy of the Lung Sector, the Prime Core Organ or the excessively small organ of the Taeeum constitutional type. The resulting pathology can be broadly defined as the "Lung-Dryness symptomatology". 2) The case reports introduced in the Exterior disease section, including the Zhang Zhongjing Mahuang-tang treatment, Prolonged-affliction disease treatment, and Exterior disease Pestilential disease treatment, share several points in common. They all arise from the pathology of "weakness in the Lung sector and deficiency in the Exterior sector", and they can all be assigned to the same symptomatological division that presents with systemic heat and cold intolerance; this symptomatology can be defined as the "Esophagus-Cold symptomatology", the milder subdivision of the exterior symptomatology. 3) The body of text appearing in the last part of the Interior disease section commonly referred to as the "Taeeumin Conspectus" is in fact not a conspectus when its contents are actually examined. Instead, it can be understood from its pathological and symptomatological descriptions that the passage is explaining the more severe subdivision of the exterior symptomatology that has progressed from Esophagus-Cold to a pathology characterized by damaged expirational and dipersive energy of the Lung Sector. 4) The relocation of the "dry-related pathology" indicates a change in perspective regarding the "Dry-related symptomatology", which caused the rearrangement of the Interior disease into divisions of Liver-Heat symptomatology that is characterized by fulminant heat pathology and Dry-Heat symptomatology that is also accompanied by Lung-Dryness. 5) The Interior disease Yin-Blood Consumptive symptomatology should be included in the Dry-Heat symptomatology in the pathological scheme. 6) Based on the above, the subdivisions of the Taeeumin symptomatology should be arranged as "Esophagus-Cold symptomatology" and "Lung-Dry-Cold symptomatology" in the Exterior disease and "Liver-Heat symptomatology" and "Dry-Heat symptomatology" in the Interior disease.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
• /
• v.52 no.7
• /
• pp.505-514
• /
• 2019

Our country is making efforts to manage water resources efficiently. In the future, It is necessary to develop a plan after subdividing the basin considering regional problems and water use, topographical and climatic characteristics. This study constructed water supply and demand system based on the standard watershed unit for water shortage evaluation considering spatial resolution. In addition, water shortage were calculated and compared using the MODSIM model in the Han-river basin. As a result, the average water shortage occurring during the 49 years (1967-2015) was 129.98 million $m^3$ for the middle watershed unit and 222.24 million $m^3$ for the standard watershed unit, resulting in a difference of about 2.1 billion m3. However, the trends and distribution of water shortage occurrence were very similar. The reason for this is that, in the case of the Middle watershed unit analysis, water shortages are calculated for the demand for living, industrial, and agricultural water for the representative natural flow value, assuming that all the water can be used in basin. The standard basin unit analysis showed that the difference between the fractionated supply and demand resulted in a large water shortage due to the relatively small amount of available water, and that the main stream did not show water shortage due to the ripple effect of the return flow. If the actual water use system is considered in the model as well as the subdivision of the spatial unit, it will be possible to evaluate the water supply and demand reflecting the regional characteristics.

• Journal of Cadastre & Land InformatiX
• /
• v.44 no.1
• /
• pp.79-96
• /
• 2014

This study presents the two major problems and those improvements of Cadastral Surveying Fee System. The system has been attempted to apply for Individual Public Land Price since 2011. To tackle those problems, this study examines a variety of literatures such as specialty publications, academic thesis, and reports from government. This study applies questionnaire survey method. And the data were collected by the personnel in charge of receiving cadastral surveying application in Gwangju and Jellanamdo branch, LX Korea Cadastral Survey Corp. In order to apply Individual Public Land Price to Cadastral Surveying Fee System, this study suggests subdivision of land at price and application of sample lot and land price standard index table. A number of curriculums provided by training institute in LX Korea Cadastral Survey Corp., education materials and cyber education method are necessary to promote awareness of personnel in charge. Publicity activities are also required to fulfill governmental basis.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.129-138
• /
• 2017

The aim of this paper is to suggest methodology for local governments when discovering locally customized future promising industries with regard to policies of central government, regional competencies, and industrial promising. Firstly, key industries by region specified in '5-years regional industrial development master plan(2014)' were utilized. Secondly, science and technology competency by region was calculated with analyzing patent data in each key industries. Thirdly, industrial promising was verified by calculating Knowledge Stock and Activity Index based on measuring industry-IPC linkage. Based on the methodology proposed above, case study(case of Busan city) was done. Finally, 7 core industries and 94 candidates of future promising industries were extracted on the basis of 5 digit of KSIC subdivision. The methodology is expected to contribute local governments to establish evidence-based, efficient, and future-oriented local R&D roadmapping.