• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.377-388
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• 2004

Based on the basic equations of elasticity, free-edge effects on stresses in cross-ply laminated plates are found by using the state space method. The laminates are subjected to uniaxial-uniform extension plate, which is a typical example of general plane strain problem. The study takes into account material constants of all individual material layers and the state equation of a laminate is solved analytically in the through thickness direction. By this approach, a composite plate may be composed of an arbitrary number of orthotropic layers, each of which may have different material properties and thickness. The solution provides a continuous displacement and inter-laminar stress fields across all material interfaces and an approxiamte prediction to the singularity of stresses occurring in the boundary layer region of a free-edge. Numerical solutions are obtained and compared with the results obtained from an alternative numerical method.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.687-696
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• 2015

JCT-VC (Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding) continues developing HEVC/Screen Content Coding (HEVC/SCC) as an extension for efficiently coding screen content videos, including computer animations, graphics, and electrical documents, based on HEVC/Range extension (HEVC/RExt.). Color space conversion from RGB space being captured from CCD sensors is popular in natural video coding. However, the conversion is often undesired for screen contents because of a significant loss in perceptual quality. Therefore, several coding tools including cross-component prediction (CCP) and in-loop adaptive color space transform (ACST) have been developed for an efficient screen content video coding in order to reduce the redundancies between color spaces while maintaining the original color space. In this paper, we review the two coding tools, i.e., CCP and ACST exploiting the correlation in the RGB color space and conduct the performance analysis of the coding tools. In our simulation results, CCP and ACST provide 11.7% BD-rate saving and 16.4% BD-rate saving, respectively, while the two coding tools provide 18.2% BD-rate saving in total. Following this idea, if the two coding tools are exclusively selected, we provide 93% encoding measurement time with a 0.3% coding loss.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.34
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• pp.106-113
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• 2002

Certosa, a representative Monastic Architecture of Renaissance era, has been well preserved. And it has worked as a symbol of the space form & style revealed by monad, sell, arcade and court, which are characteristic of a monastery. A court is divided into large court and small one, and it connects each units and each sells through the annex with clarifying each space identities. And arcade and pillar is not only to derive a unitary space from entire space, but also to try openness and extension applying a different height in spite of physical closure of style. Especially planned by monad and cell, the routine space of monks, a structure of rational space is a yardstick of moderation and frugality, showing affluent space which occupy essential areas without extra space. And the space appears self-sufficiency, honest poverty, and affluence with order and eternity based on elementary principles of the Cartusio order in composition and plan of the space. Keeping strong linking with entire sells in the monastery, Each sell symbolizes entire sells, and the inverse is the same. And it is the universe advocating eternity and it is also a small city which provides the monks with accurate modules and scales in the very recluse space.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.1-8
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• 2020

This study is intended to derive the adaptive reuse techniques through the history and aspects of new construction, extension, repair, and other works, limited to the deep and narrow lots facing Seongan-gil and Nammun-gil in Nammun-ro 2 ga of Cheongju, the historic urban area. The results are as follows. 1) In the case of newly built reinforced concrete buildings, the central part of the top floor of the residence or all floors are opened to the open space(void) to facilitate lighting and ventilation. This is developed as a convection phenomenon due to the temperature difference from the slits between buildings, which affects the entire air flow of the block. 2) The buildings of extension and repair are composed of two-story masonry or steel frame, both the front store facing the road and the house on the back, but it looks like one because it is in contact with each other. If only a small gap between the front and rear buildings is restored to an external space or a space equipped with sun light, a small breath can be provided in lighting and ventilation. 3) The existing two-story wooden stores and houses have lost their external space due to repairs. With minimal intervention to restore the small courtyard, slits, and space under the eaves, it will not only improve lighting and ventilation, but also create a unique appearance as a segment of the elongated store.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.41-50
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• 2014

In relation to spatial expression, the remediation theory of Jay David Bolter & Richard Grusin shows a sufficient possibility of providing extended idea and experience through the space of critical representation. The remediation theory discussed in the scope of new media says about the existence method and the development process of media through immersion into media and awakening, and one attribute of remediation which aims at the extension of another realistic experience and recognition through various media, contains common denominators which display diversity and complexity of installation space, and use the audience as expression elements. Therefore, this study aims to apply the remediation theory in order to interpret space using more diverse and multisensory expression methods. For achieving this purpose, this study found the connection among characteristics of hypermediacy which is an axis of installation and remediation theory, and analyzed diverse cases regarding installation space and characteristics of hypermediacy, depending on external aspects of form and expression and internal aspects of experience and cognition. The method of hypermediation expression in installation space converts the recognition about the basic custom of new experience, space and representation. This means that the logic of remediation could approach space by leading to more extended form and recognition. In conclusion, the characteristics of space and the possibility of extended expression revealed in the relationship between installation space and hypermediacy logic would provide another developmental significance for research on space design.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.39-47
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• 2018

This study is intended to suggest an improvement scheme of activating container multiplex cultural space through an analysis of container architecture characteristics and a survey of user satisfaction, focusing on container multiplex cultural space located in Seoul city. Hence, the elements of multiplex cultural space and the characteristics of container architecture were deduced and analyzed through precedent study and literature review relating to multiplex cultural space and container architecture, and then an analysis framework was established with items to measure the user satisfaction. Based on this, a questionnaire was created, and users were surveyed through on-site visit. The results of analyzing the container multiplex cultural space users' satisfaction are as follows. First, in order to increase user satisfaction, it is necessary to highlight visual element. Second, there is necessity for distinct space configuration, such as connection, stack and extension by utilizing the fixed specifications, the characteristics of container. Third, there is necessity for extended space where people feel a sense of openness. Fourth, it should be improved so that air is well circulated by installing glass, operable window, etc. In further research, it is thought necessary to make a study of commercial space and facilities inside university besides multiplex cultural space.

• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.145-153
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• 2014

With reasonable control selections on the space of functions, various application models can take the shape of a well-defined control system on mathematics. In the credibility space, controlability management of fuzzy differential equation is as much important issue as stability. This paper addresses exact controllability for fuzzy differential equations in the credibility space in the perspective of Liu process. This is an extension of the controllability results of Park et al. (Controllability for the semilinear fuzzy integro-differential equations with nonlocal conditions) to fuzzy differential equations driven by Liu process.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.76-83
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• 2004

Nowadays, our societies use digital technology in new architectural shape and space design to transcend three dimension limit so the boundary of the imagination world and actuality world has been collapsed. Traditional spatial value has been collapsed. Also indetermination and temporary assumption in time, fluidness and dematerialized, simultaneity and reiteration in image are relative with this circumstances. In architectural shape, media characteristics which secede from traditional characteristics of place tectonic value have occurred. Therefore, indifference and interests in shape, inter-permeation in interior and exterior space, homogeneous equivalence spatial extension have occurred. The purpose in this study examines dematerialized in contemporary space design and light materials and also investigates general and architectural background. The results of this study are as follows. First, circumstances of human have changed from physically limited boundary to unfixed, nonphysical, lightness and vague things. Second, casting off volume in shape and also dissembling exclusive and constructive Third, interior and exterior space by transparency intimates media possibility of information screen. Fourth, seek information and organic response, ambivalent transformation, accumulation of image and new mutual understanding system.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.180-183
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• 2004

Space is the essence and the most important concept of architecture, and therefore it has been granted critical meanings depending on the times. In space, exterior is regarded as an extension of interior, and architectural spaces vary according to how interior and exterior are combined meaningfully as well as how interior spaces are formed. In this study, the meaning of interior and exterior spaces in terms of perceiver's position and the characteristics of boundary factors is examined. And the perceptive factors and developing methods of interior and exterior spaces are then analyzed through positional relations of objects in space, and architectural boundary that defines spaces. The purpose of this study is to infer the relation of interior and exterior space composition in neo-modernism architecture, one of the current architectural trends.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.88-91
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• 2004

The aim of this study was to grasp demands of residents about floor plans. This study grasped needs of residents through small group workshop that is composed of housewives. The data from this was analyzed by the side of human behavior in residence space privacy, private space, territoriality, intimacy or social interaction, delightfulness. the major findings are as follows; floor plans of apartment separate of private and public space evidently. But each space has to have possible of extension and combination. It is supported by systematical storage and variable wall system.